__
( )
: . .
: .
:
__
).
() 10-3, 10-2, 10-1, 3×10-1 /.
.
-
).
- .
.
(50 ).
.
.
, .
() ( ) , .. .
(f) (1):
f | = | f0 | + | 2,3RT | lg a | (1), |
zF |
z ,
a (/), T (),
R (8,31 /×),
F (9,65×104 /),
f0 . f0 , .. .
(1) - (zNa+ = +1) 25 0 (298 ) :
fNa = f0Na + 0,059lg a Na + = f0Na - 0,059Na ()
, , - , , :
E = f+ - f- = fNa - f = f0Na - 0,059Na - f =
= f0Na - f - 0,059Na = 0 - 0,059Na
f , E0 = f0Na - f.
E0 , 1 /.
, (2). Na:
E = E0 - 0,059Na () | E = E0 - 59Na () | (2) |
, , (-lg a ) ( ).
|
|
, , 4-5 .
1.
(2) Na:
Na | = | E0 - E | (3) | ||
Na , 0 (3). () , (E0) . .
2.
(, ), (Na) (E), .
( = + b), ( ) (tga = b = -59).
, , , 4-6.
- , , ( ). , , . , .
E Na (E), E Na (Na) :
Na+ = 10 - Na (/).
(, ) . . .
4 , .
, . , . (, ) .
, . (, ). . .
|
|
:
, / (Na+) | , / (Na+) ( )* | pNa ( ) | E, ( , ) | |
10-3 | ||||
10-2 | ||||
10-1 | ||||
3×10-1 |
* ! . .