.
1.
: (AX)=a; (CX)=b. .
:
ADD AX,CX:
000000dw md reg r/m1 , , w=1.
, reg. . , reg AX, d=1. reg CX, d=0.
b , h - 16-.
ϳ AX AX CX, IP (2 ) .
16- , .
(AX)=0C34, (CX)=1020, (IP)=0012, (AX)=1C54, (CX)=1020, (IP)=0014.
5. , ' , , .
1.
a ', BX, b - AX. a - .
:
ADD [BX],AX:
(AX)=1234, (BX)=3474, [3474]=D7, [3475]=11, (IP)=0012, : [3474]=0B, [3475]=24, (IP)=0014.
2.
a AX. b , MAS, b BX (..1).
. 1.
:
ADD AX,MAS[BX]. , b ( ).
MAS 3000h DS. :
(AX)=1234, (BX)=0074, [3474]=E6, [3475]=64, (IP)=0102, : (AX)=771A, (IP)=0106.
70h DS, :
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, (BX)=3004, , (IP)=0105.
6. , ' , , .
1.
a AL. b , BX. DI (.1). b - .
.1. -
:
ADD AL,[BX+DI]AL, 1 . w=0, :
(AX)=25B7, (BX)=3000, (DI)=0474, [3474]=77, (IP)=2519, : (AX)=252E, (IP)=251B. , AL AX. , AX .
2.
a ' 3474. b, ', SI.
, , " '-'". ' :
MOV AX,[SI]; AX=bADD [3474h],AX; a=a+b.
7. , ' , , .
1.
a AH. b , MAS. ( ) , , BX, DI b (.1).
.1. -
:
ADD AH,MAS[BX+DI], (. 6). 2 , , 1D25, :
, , 2D, :
(AX)=84A3, [(BX)+(DI)+disp8]=3474, [3474]=77, (IP)=0110 (AX)=FBA3, (IP)=0114 (IP)=0113 .
8. , ' , , .
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1.
JMP short L , L.
010A. L , , 011A, :
011A - (010A+2)=011A-010C=011A+FEF4=0E
. , ' , .
:
, IP , 2, 2 .
, L, 00C1, :
00C1-010C=00C1+FEF4=FFB5
2 , . (FFB5h = 11111111 10110101b), 1 , : EBB5h.
L 0224, , 0224-010C=0118, 8- . , .
9. , ' , , .
1.
JMP near L E964A6h. 310A, :
(310A+3)+A664=D771C224, 688B (C224+3+A664 16- ).
, - .
³, IP 3 , 3 .
, IP.
IP 16- ', md r/m - , . 䳿 .1.
. 1. -
10. , ' , , .
1.
, L, : (CS)=AA66, (IP)=11C2. :
JMP far L
:
IP CS , '. ' - , . .1.
.1.
³ . , , - .
word ptr dword ptr .
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11. , ' , , .
1.
(BX)=24A4, [24A4]=11, [24A5]=12, [24A6]=13, [24A7]=5A.
JMP dword ptr [BX]
, (CS)=5A13 (IP)=1211.
JMP word ptr [BX]
, (IP)=1211.
. IP, , , . , , IP , , .
2
JZ L 2010h, L 2072h. .
:
2072 - (2010+2)=2072+DFEE=0060
1 , , . . 1., : 7460 h.
2072, ZF=1. ZF , , , 2012.
12. , ' , , .
1.
, : 81475D398B h.
:
, , . , md r/m: (BX)+disp8, .
8- . . . sw=01 , - 16-. , , :
ADD [BX+5D],8B39h2.
: 0445h. :
, , .
w=0, 1 , AL. : ADD AL,45h
13. , ' , , .
1.
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" '-".
: 16+EA.
EA ( ): 5 .
"ES:" , . DS ES. 2 .
. ,
=16+5+2+2*4=31 ()=310 (),
=16+5+2=23 ()=230 ()2.
MUL [BX]AL , . '.
: (76...83)+EA.
EA ( ): 5 .
=(76...83)+5 = (81...88) = (810...880)14. , ' , ,
1.
JZ MET; MET, "": 4 , , 16 , .
.
=4 =40 .=16 =160 .2.
JMP dword ptr [SI+15]; .: 24+EA.
EA ( ): 9 .
2 ' IP CS.
,
=24+9=33 ()=330 ().,
=24+9+2*4=41 ()=410 ()..
:
, A, B y - 1 , , MA, MB MY . , - . , ( ):
MOV BL,5; 4 MOV AL,MA; 10 CMP AL,MB; 15 JG OUT; 4/16 INC BL; 3OUT: MOV MY,BL; 15
, A>B, 60 , , - 51 .
15. ' . 32- IA-32.
' .1. ' ( ' , - ) :
- ';
- ();
- (Σ) (Σ).
.1.
' , . , . , , , 16 .
:
- ;
- , ; ( md r/m) ( reg) ;
- (d w), , , , , .
:
- ;
- ;
- (disp L disp H);
- (data L data H).
' . , 16 . - . IP, - .
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16. ' . 32- IA-32.
32-
1985 Intel 32- , IA-32. , : ( I486), Mmx- 㳿 SIMD - single instruction multi data ( - ) Pentium MMX 㳿 (SSE - streaming SIMD Extention), ' Pentium III.
.
32- (.1) 16-. , .
.1. 32-
- 32 . , , ' , , .
32-. (32 ). 16 , 16- .
, . CS, DS, SS ES : FS GS. ( 16 ), ' -.
, . '.
' , .
I486, , 80- , .
-', ', ( ). -' 8 512 .
, , , , , .
:
- ' , ;
- , ' ;
- -.
, . .
:
:
- -, ;
- ;
- ;
- ..;
:
- ();
- , - .
(), , ( ) ( , ', - ..) , ' .
, ( ) i.
. :
- kq - q- ;
- kq=Tq/T, Tq - q T ;
- Lq=Σlqi*Δti/T - q, Lqi - q Δti Σti=T
q , . 1.
. 1.
18. , ' , ' .
(. 1) , ', .
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