.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


.




 

 

 

L1 = 6.0

L2 = 4.0

H = 8.0

= 2

q = 1 /

I1 : I2 =2:3

E = const

 

1. .

, , :

 

n = 3 = 5 3 = 2

 

.. .

 

2. .

1 2

 

       
   
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


3. :

 
 


δ11Χ1 + δ12Χ2 + Δ1 = 0,

δ21Χ1 + δ22Χ2 + Δ2 = 0.

 

 

4. .

.

 

 

 
 


 

 

 
Σ D = 0, -VE L2 = 0, VE = 0

Σ X = 0, X1 HD = 0, HD = 1

 

Σ Y = 0, VE + VD = 0, VD = 0

 

 
 


Σ D = 0, X2 L1 -VE L2 = 0,

VE = 1,5

 

Σ X = 0, HD = 0,

 

Σ Y = 0, VE + X1 - VD = 0,

VD = 2,5

 

 

 


Σ D = 0,

 

 
q H2/2 -VE L2 + P H/2 = 0,

 

Σ X = 0, q H + P HD = 0,

HD = 10 ()

 

Σ Y = 0, VE - VD = 0,

VD=10 ()

 

5. .

 

δ11 = = 88 82 + 868 =

= + =

 

δ12 = = - 668 = - δ21 = δ12 = -

 

δ22 = = 66 6 + 64 6 =

= + =

 

Δ1 = = 8 32 8 + 8 6 32 +

 

+ 4 4 40 + (728 + 4566 +440) =

 

= + + + =

 

Δ2 = = - 6632 + 64 40 =

 

= + = -

 

 

6. .

 

S = 1 + 2

 
 

 

 


δSS = = 88 82 + 64 6 +

 

+ (88 + 455 + 22) = + + =

 

S δi j = δ11 + δ12 + δ21 + δ22 = - - + =

 

δSS = S δi j, .. , , .

 

7.

( ).

 

ΔS = = 832 8 + 5632 +

 

+ 6 4 40 + (404 + 6456 +728) + 44 40

 

 

= + + + + =

 

S Δi = Δ1 + Δ2 = - =

 

S Δi = ΔS .. , , .

 

8. :

 
 


896/(3EI) Χ1 - 144/(3EI) Χ2 + 4704/(3EI) = 0,

-144/(3EI) Χ1 + 120/(3EI) Χ2 - 256/(3EI) = 0.

 

8/(3EI), :

 
 


112 Χ1 - 18 Χ2 + 588 = 0,

-18 Χ1 + 15 Χ2 - 32 = 0.

 

112 -18

D0 = = 11215 - 1818 = 1356

-18 15

 

 

-588 -18

D1 = = -58815 + 1832 = - 8244

32 15

 

 

112 -588

D2 = = 11232 - 18588 = - 7000

-18 32

 

 

1 = D1 / D0 = -8244 / 1356 = - 6,080 ()

 

2 = D2 / D0 = -7000 / 1356 = -5,162 ()

 

, .. 1 2 :

 

112(-6,080) 18(-5,162) + 588 = -588,004 + 588 = 0,004 0

 

- 18(-6,080) +15 (-5,162) - 32 = 32,01 - 32 = 0,01 0

 

.. .

 

9.

       
 
   


= 11 + 22 +

 

 

           
   
 
 
 
   

 

 


 

 

 
 

 


10.

) :

       
 
   
 

 


S = 0, 16,64 - 16,64 = 0

S = 0, -23,36 + 14,322 + 9,028 = 0

 

) :

 

Δ1 = = - (00 + 4416,32 + 16,648)-

 

- 861,154 + 4/6(15,684 + 4619,52 +23,368)+

 

+ 15,684 4 = (-262,827-18,464 +239,36 +41,913)=

 

= (-281,291 + 281,273) = 0

 

: -0,018100% /-281,291 = 0,006 % .

 

Δ2 = = (016,64 + 431,154-14,3326) +

 

+ 9,0284 6 = ( -24,048 +24,075) = 0

 

: 0,027100% / 24,075 = 0,11 % .

 

, ,

.

 

 

11.

 

 
 

 


S = 0,

-16,64 + q84 - 8 = 0,

= 1,92 ()

 

S = 0,

-16,64 - q84 + 8 = 0,

= 6,08 ()

 

S = 0, - + q8 = 0, 0 = 0

 

 

S = 0,

-V6 +14,332 +16,64 =0,

V = 5,162 ()

 

S = 0,

-V6 +14,332 +16,64 =0,

V = 5,162 ()

 

S Y = 0, V + V = 0, 0 = 0

 

S = 0, 9,028 - V4 = 0

V = 2,257 ()

 

S = 0, 9,028 V4 = 0

V = 2,257 ()

 

S Y = 0, -V + V = 0, 0 = 0

 

S = 0,

-23,36 + D8 - з4 = 0

D = 3,92 ()

 

S D = 0,

-23,36 - 8 + з4 = 0

= -1,92 () , .

 

S = 0, -D + + = 0, 0 = 0

 

 

:

 

 
 

 


 

 

12. () N, :

 

 

 
 

 


S = 0, N + 1,92 = 0

N = -1,92 ()

, N

, .. .

S Y = 0, -N + 5,162 = 0

N = -1,92 ()

 

 

 
 


S Y = 0,

ND - 5,162 + 2,257 = 0

ND = -2,905 () .

 

S Y = 0,

N - 1,92 + 1,92 = 0

N = 0

 

 

N :

 

 

 
 

 


 

 

13. M, N, Q .

 

 
 

 


S F = 0, -V3 + H8 - q 84 - 4 - VD3 +HD8 -VE7 = 0,

 

-5,1623 + 6,088 -184 - 24 - 2,9053 +3,928 - 2,2577 = 0,

 

0 = 0, , , M, N, Q .

 


.

 

1. .

2.

.

3.

.

4. .

5.

.

.

6.

.

7.

.

8. .

9. , .

10. .

11. .

12. M, N, Q.

 

 

 

1. - , 4 (210297 ).

2. , .

3. () .

4. 0,001.

5. .

 

 

1

    Ω
Z1 Z2
    hl l/2 l/2
    hl/2 l/3 2l/3
    hl/3 l/4 3l/4
n -

 

hl (n+1) l (n+2) (n+1)l (n+2)

 

2hl/3 3l/8 5l/8

 





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