, 2013
̲Ͳ ²
ϲ ֲ Ͳ Ͳ
Ͳ Dz
ֲͲ
6.050901
___ _________ 2013 .
-
___ _________ 2013 .
, 2013
6.050901 / .: .. , .. , .. . : , 2013 67 .
. , , , , .
̲
υ | |
Ͳ Ͳ ҅.. | |
1. ̲ί Ͳ. ultisim-11 | |
2. ̲ в Ҳ ʲ˅.. | |
3. ˲ Ҳ Ӆ.. | |
4. ˲ ˲Ͳ 腅 | |
5. II RC RL | |
6. ˲ ϲ² IJIJ ˲Ͳ . | |
˲ ˅ | |
腅... |
, . , .
.
6 , . . . .
|
|
.
Ͳ Ͳ
. . , .
. . , , , . , .
, , , . , , .
, .
. , . . .
.
1
̲ί Ͳ.
ultisim-11
1
Multisim-11
2 I I
2.1
() , . , , . .
ϳ 쳺: , , , , .
. , 䳿, .
|
|
, , . , . , .
, , , . , () , .
, , , , .
, , ( , ) , .
, , , , , .
,
2.2 ultisim-11
- . Գ ' , . , , . .
Multisim Elektronics Workbench - , , 㳿 , ᒺ . - , .
, . 2.1.
³ (Design Toolbox). . (Visibility) . (Hierarchy) ' . (Project) . , .
. 2.1 Multisim
. Multisim. "" (Preferences). / (Options/Global Preferences), "" :
Paths () ;
Save () .
Parts () (ANSI DIN). .
General () , ' '.
|
|
. 2.2 г
. ij (Sheet Properties) . ֳ , ', .
:
Circuit () .
Workspace ( ) .
Wiring (') ' .
Font () , .
( ) .
Visibility () .
. 2.3
. Multisim . - . . , '.
. - .
/ (Options/Customize User Interface). "" (Customize) , , , .
. - , , . Multisim : (real) (virtual). , .
, , .
³ , . , , 3,86654 . ³ .
Multisim : , , , , , , .
. Multisim 䳿 . . , .
, . 2.4 : 100% (1 ). , Shift . .
. 2.4
:
. 2.5 (Parts) (Components)
. (Component Browser) - , . CTRL-W . .
|
|
. (Search) .
, . Multisim (groups) (families). ( Function), .
. 2.6
("*") - . , "LM*AD" "LM101AD" "LM108AD".
- . . , LM358M 5 , 3, . , / (Model Manuf.\ID) (Model).
. Multisim
1) (Master Database), , Electronics Workbench.
2) (User Database) '. , .
3) (Corporate Database) , , .
, ' . , , , . , . , .
, ﳿ , . Multisim. , .
. 2.7
, , ' . ϳ ' . . ϳ , .
. , CTRL-R. , CTRL-R 90 .
, . , . . , . .
Shift .
, () (Replace Component(s)). , . Multisim ' .
. 2.8 | . 2.9 |
'. Multisim : , Multisim. , ' . г . 2.10.
' (pin) (terminal) , '. ' , ' .
. 2.10 璺
璺 ', ', .
ϳ Multisim . , 1. 0 ' SPICE. ' ', .
|
|
Multisim 璺 璺 . 璺 , 璺
. 2.11 璺
, Multisim 璺. .
. 2.12
³ . ³ Multisim, . , Multisim , , .
³ 䳿 , .
³ Lab VIEW , , . , .
, (Instruments), . 2.13. , . ' , .
Multisim - . Tektronix TDS 2024 Oscilloscope. .
. 2.13
, ﳿ . , . ' .
Multisim.
. , . ij . , . . 2.14 . 2.15.
. 2.14 | . 2.15 |
. (function generator) - , , . , , , . ij , . . 2.16 . 2.17.
. 2.16 | . 2.17 |
. Multisim , . , . . 2.18 . 2.19.
. 2.18 | . 2.19 |
Multisim :
- 2-
- 4-
- Agilent 54622D.
- 4- Tektronix TDS 2024.
. 2.20 Tektronix | . 2.21 Tektronix |
. . .
. (spectrum analyzer) . , . . 2.22 . 2.23.
. 2.22 | . 2.23 |
, . , . , . , . , , .
3
Multisim-11 璺 , . 3.1. R-R (, 1 ).
. 3.1
, 3.1 .
, 4-10 .
Print Skreen .
. Multisim-11 . 3.2.
. 3.2 Multisim-11
3.1
f | A | f | A | |||
142 | 1 | 14 | 19,6 | |||
589 | 16,2 | 4,3 | 2,3 | |||
43 | 34 | 1 | 48,8 | |||
891 | 18 | 53 | 81 | |||
12 | 72 | 14 | 92,3 | |||
1,2 | 6,8 | 142 | 102.8 | |||
12 | 11,9 | 3,6 | 580 | |||
421 | 0,52 | 832 | 321,5 | |||
12,3 | 22,7 | 43 | 143 | |||
13 | 35,1 | 1 | 0,015 |
4 I I
i i:
1.
2.
3. .
4. Multisim-11 .
5.
5 I
1. Multisim-11
2. ǒ Multisim-11
3. Multisim-11
2
̲
в Ҳ ʲ
1
, , , , , .
2 I I
2.1
, , .
, , .
, , , R R=U/I, U I, .
, , Rt=R0(1+t+bt2) Rt t. , R0, a b .
, , , , , ' , . .
. , .
, . () , , . , , , , .
Multisim 10 (, , MS10).
2.2
XSC1, MS10.
. , (. 2.1, ), .
. 2.1
(Resistance) 1, 2 V1, V2 (, ) Mode ( DC AC), (1 10 ) (). 1 10 , , .
Instruments MS10 1 (. 2.1, ), , . (. 2.1, ) , , R1 S, S . 1 ( "-" "~"), : A - , V - , W - , dB - (SETTINGS) (. . 2.2 ).
( ), . , , . , , . , , .
. , , . , . , , .
. , , , ().
2.3
( ) 2, "-" ( ), "W", , 10 n (10 ) (SETTINGS), (. 2.2) ( 㳿). - , ' "" , , ().
. 2.2
, -, (. . 2.1, ). , RU/I. , , . 2.1, :
R1=U/(I-U/RV),
, . 2.1, :
R2=(U-RI)/I,
RV R - .
: (. 2.1, ) , RV>>R1, (. 2.1, ) - , R<<R2.
2.4
j : ; --, j j= arccos(/UI), - , , Dt - .
:
Dt=j/w=j/2pf
j (. 2.3, ) w ().
. 2.3
, ( ) :
j=360Dt/,
T=l/f (); f - (), .
Dt=T2-T1 (), (. 2.3, ). j "", (. . 2.3, ), "", .
(Channel A) (Channel B) (Time base) , (. . 2.3, ).
MS10 XWM1 (. 2.3, ), Instruments. () cos j (Power Factor).
3
3.1 1
³ 㳿 Source "" S10 1 , "Basic" R1,..., R4, Indicator - V1,..., V4, Instruments XMM1, S Switch/SPDT, S ).
ϳ , :
- 1=N ( ), N - ;
- ( Label Value) :
R1=N; R2=2N; R3=3N; R4=4N;
- D : 1 10 ;
- Ω XMM1 ( ).
' R1 R3; R2 R4, XMM1 (. . 3.1, 40). . 1.1 , :
R13=R1R3/(R1+R3) R24=R2R4/(R2+R4).
. 3.1
3.1
R13, | R24, | U1, B | U2, B | U3, B | U4, B | |
I1 = I, | I2 = I, | I3 = I, | I4 = I, | |||
R13, | R24, | R1, | R2, | R3, | R4, | |
dz (. . 3.1, 40), . MS10 ( MS10) ( (1) (V1,..., V4) ) . 3.1.
. 3.1.
ﳿ (. . 3.1, ) ( , , Paint Alt+PrtSc ).
3.2 2
, RL - RC - φk.
MS10 (. . 3.2) :
. 3.2
- =5+ N, ; f =1 L f =10 C ; Yu =0;
- ( ) (R =1 ) V (RV =10 M);
- R1 =25 R1 ( ) R2 =10 R2;
- L =5+int(N /5), = 1 +int(N /10), , int(a/b) - a/b;
- , 䒺 , , 䒺 SC1;
- XSC1. INYT, i, u . (. . 3.3, ) , ' XSC1.
. XSC1 MS10 " '" (. . 2.3, . 3.2) , ^, " ". ' ' "" . ^ . ;
- 200 / (mV/div) 5 10 B/ (V/div) ; (TIME BASE) Y/T 0,2 / (2 ms/div). , 0,5...0,75 , - ;
- S ;
- INUT k =1 ;
- S , R1L - .
MS10 ( MS10), . 3.2. j .
(. . 2.3, ), i1 R1L - u j1 = arctg( XL/R 1) = arcos(P1/UI1), 1 . (. . 3.2) (. . 3.3).
f =10 (t) S R2 - . . 1.2.
( ), i2 R2 - u j 2 = arctg(- XC/R 2) = - arcos(P 2/ UI 2), 2 .
Z=U/I, R=Z cos j X=Zsin j R1L- R2 - . 1.2.
XL = wL = 2 pfL, , X = 1/ w = 1/2 pfC, , :
- , R1L -:
L = XL / w = XL /2 pf, L = 103 XL /2 pf, ;
- , R2 -:
= 1/(wXC) = 1/(2 pf × XC), = 106 / (2 pf × XC), .
3.2
E, B | f, | U, B | I, A | P, B | j, | Z, | R, | X, | L, | C, | |||||
R 1 L | ----- | ||||||||||||||
R 2 C | ----- | ||||||||||||||
L C . 3.2. R, L .
4 I I
i i:
1.
2.
3. , , ﳿ .
4. .
5. .
6.
5 I
1. Multisim-11
2. ǒ Multisim-11
3. Multisim-11
3
˲ Ҳ
1
' .
2 I I
. . , , - ' , , , .
E ( 2.1)
R 1 R 3= R 2 R 4,
, R2,
R 2= R 1 R 3 / R 4.
. 2.1
. , D R 4, U (R =0) E:
U ≈ ED R 4 R 2 /[(R 1 + R 4 )(R 2 + R 3 )] ≈ ED R 4 / 4R 4,
, R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 4.
( ) . ( /) , :
S D U/ D R,
( ) - D R/R 4 , :
S o = D U/( D R/R 4 ),
D U = Un+ 1- Un - , D R = D R 4
. D R S a S .
3
3.1 1
S10. dz MS10 (. 3.1), :
- R 1 = R 3 = 1 ;
- R 2 = R 4 = 1 ;
- D R = 0,01N1/3 - R2 R4, N - ;
- : E = 12 ( , R = 0);
- V1: (mode) (DC), (Resistance) R V = 1 M.
. 2.2 .
2. U () , U (R 4) U (R 2, R 4). :
- 2- 3- . 3.1 . 3.2;
( 1 ). , ( V1 );
- ( 0 ) R4 = R 1 - D R (n = 1);
. 3.1
3.1
R1=R2=R3, | R4= R1-nDR, (n = 0, ,10) | U, | S1, / | S1, | |
- | - | ||||
. | |||||
. | |||||
3.2
R1=R3, | R2=R4=R1-nDR, (n = 0, , 10) | U, | S2, / | S2, | |
- | - | ||||
. | |||||
. | |||||
. | |||||
- , V1 4- . 3.1.
. ;
- n = 2, , 10 . 3.1, R 4;
- n = 1, , 10 . 3.2, R2 R4;
- U R ( ) U (R 4) U (R 2, R 4).
3.2 2
S S () , . 3.1 . 3.2 :
S 1 (n D R) S 2 (n× 2 D R); S 1<