. , , . , .
1954 IBM (John Backus) Fortran.
- . , , .
( ) . , ( .). . . , , . .
, . . : , , , - , , , . , . , , , . , , .
Cobol
1960 Cobol.
, . . , . , , ( ) . , Microsoft.NET, , , - .
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4. PL/1
1964 IBM PL/1, Cobol Fortran . . . , . , . , PL/1:
IF ELSE=THEN THEN THEN; ELSE ELSE
PL/1 . IBM.
BASIC
1963 (Dartmouth College) BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code ). . . , BASIC , ( , ; Pascal). BASIC, ( Microsoft Visual Basic).
Algol
1960 (Peter Naur) Algol. - ( Pascal). 1968 . , , . , .
. ( , , Algol) . . . , .
.
Pascal-
1970 Pascal. , (, , , ). . , .
. Modula-2 (1978), . 1988 Modula-3, - . Pascal Modula Oberon Oberon-2. - - .
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C-
1972 C. UNIX. C , , , , ( ). . . C , , .
1986 C++, C - , Simula (. ), . C++ , 1998 () , . . , , , .
1995 Sun Microsystems Java. C C++ . , (Java Virtual Machine) . , Java , .
19992000 Microsoft C#. Java ( ), . , , -.
Ada Ada 95
1983 Ada. , . , , (, ). 1995 Ada 95, , - . (, ). ( , Pascal).
, - - . , . .
APL
1957 . APL (Application Programming Language). ( ; ) , , . , , .
Snobol Icon
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1962 Snobol ( 1974 Icon), . Icon Pascal . . Icon Snobol Perl , - . , .
SETL
1969 SETL . , . , .
Lisp
1958 Lisp . . : Planner (1967), Scheme (1975), Common Lisp (1984). .
-, . . , , . , -, ( , ), -, , -, . , , , , . , .
JavaScript
Netscape Communications -. LiveScript, . -. Java () C/C++. , - .
VBScript
Microsoft JavaScript. . Visual Basic ( ). , JacaScript, - - .
Perl
Unix . . . , - -.
Python
- . Perl, . .