1. 298,15 K
, | 1 | 2 | 3 |
HNO2 | 6,910-4 | - | - |
HNO3 | 4,410 | - | - |
(2)AlO3 | 2,010-11 | - | - |
() HAlO2 | 4,110-13 | - | - |
() (2)3 | 7,11010 | - | - |
() 247 | 1,810-4 | 1,510-5 | - |
HBrO4 | 1,0108 | - | - |
BrO3 | 2,010-1 | - | - |
HBrO | 2,210 9 | - | - |
HBr | 1,010 9 | - | - |
2 | 1,810-16 | - | - |
2(H2)GeO4 | 7,91010 | 2,01013 | - |
2H3(OH)2 | 7,010-15 | - | - |
H5JO6 | 2,45102 | 4,310 9 | 1,01015 |
HJO3 | 1,7101 | - | - |
HJO | 2,31011 | - | - |
HJ | 1,01011 | - | - |
H4SiO4 | 1,61010 | 1,91012 | 2,01014 |
HMnO4 | 1,0108 | - | - |
H2MnO4 | 1,010-1 | 7,11011 | - |
HCOOH | 1,8104 | - | - |
H3AsO4 | 5,6103 | 1,7107 | 3,01012 |
H2()AsO3 | 5,91010 | 3,01014 | - |
H2O2 | 2,01012 | - | - |
HCNS | 1,410-1 | - | - |
H2SeO3 | 1,810 3 | 3,210 9 | - |
H2Se | 1,310 4 | 1,01011 | - |
H2SeO4 | 1,0103 | 1,210 2 | - |
H2SO4 | 1,0103 | 1,210 2 | - |
H2SO3 | 1,610-2 | 6,310-8 | - |
H2S | 1,010-7 | 2,510-13 | - |
H2TeO3 | 2,710-3 | 1,8108 | - |
H2Te | 2,3103 | 6,91013 | - |
2(H4)TeO6 | 2,45108 | 1,11011 | - |
H2S2O3 | 2,5101 | 1,9102 | - |
HSNC | 1,010 | - | - |
CCl3COOH | 2,210-2 | - | - |
H2CO3 | 4,510-7 | 4,710-11 | - |
CH3COOH | 1,710-5 | - | - |
() C65 | 1,310 10 | - | - |
H2(H)PO3 | 1,610 2 | 2,010 7 | - |
() H2(2)P2O7 | 1,210 1 | 7,910 3 | - |
() H3PO4 | 7,510-3 | 6,310-8 | 5,010-13 |
H(H2)2 | 5,9102 | - | - |
HF | 6,610-4 | - | - |
HClO2 | 1,1102 | - | - |
HClO4 | 3,8108 | - | - |
HClO3 | 1,0103 | - | - |
HClO | 5,0108 | - | - |
HCl | 1,0107 | - | - |
CH2ClCOOH | 1,6103 | - | - |
H2CrO4 | 1,6101 | 3,2107 | - |
HCN | 7,91010 | - | - |
H2C2O4 | 5,6102 | 5,4105 | - |
2. 298,15 K
, | 1 | 2 | 3 |
C6H5NH2 | 3,81010 | - | - |
2 | 1,810-16 | - | - |
KOH | 2,9 | - | - |
NaOH | 5,9 | - | - |
LiOH | 0,7 | - | - |
AgOH | 5,0103 | - | - |
NH32 | 1,810-5 | - | - |
Ba(OH)2 | 0,23 | - | - |
Be(OH)2 | 4,910-7 | 5,01011 | - |
Sr(OH)2 | 0,15 | - | - |
Ca(OH)2 | 0,30 | 4,310-2 | - |
Mg(OH)2 | 2,510-3 | 3,110-4 | - |
(2) Fe(OH)2 | 1,210-2 | 5,510-8 | |
(3) Fe(OH)3 | 4,810-11 | 1,810‑11 | 1,510-12 |
Cd(OH)2 | 5,0103 | 1,3104 | - |
Zn(OH)2 | 1,310-5 | 4,910-7 | |
Al(OH)3 | 8,310-9 | 2,110‑9 | 1,010-9 |
(2) Pb(OH)2 | 9,6104 | 3,0108 | - |
Co(OH)2 | 3,210-4 | 4,0105 | - |
(2) Mn(OH)2 | 9,110-4 | 5,0104 | - |
(2) Cu(OH)2 | 4,510-5 | 3,4107 | - |
(2) Ni(OH)2 | 1,310-4 | 2,5105 | - |
(3) V(OH)3 | 8,31012 | ||
(3) Ga(OH)3 | 1,61011 | -- | -- |
(3) La(OH)3 | 5,2104 | -- | -- |
(3) Cr(OH)3 | 3,310-9 | 1,310-9 | 1,01010 |
2. = 298,15
|
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(/) | ||||||||
0,001 | 0,002 | 0,005 | 0,01 | 0,02 | 0,05 | 0,1 | 0,2 | |
+ | 0,975 | 0,967 | 0,950 | 0,993 | 0,914 | 0,880 | 0,860 | 0,830 |
Li+, K+, Na+ | 0,975 | 0,965 | 0,948 | 0,929 | 0,903 | 0,865 | 0,825 | 0,780 |
Rb+, Cs+, NH4+, Ag+, Tl+ | 0,975 | 0,964 | 0,945 | 0,924 | 0,898 | 0,850 | 0,800 | 0,750 |
Cl, Br,I, CN,NO2, NO3 | 0,975 | 0,964 | 0,945 | 0,925 | 0,899 | 0,850 | 0,805 | 0,755 |
OH,F,CNS,CNO, HS, ClO3, ClO4, BrO3, IO4, MnO4 | 0,975 | 0,964 | 0,946 | 0,926 | 0,900 | 0,855 | 0,810 | 0,760 |
CdCl+, ClO2, IO3, HCO3, H2PO4, HSO3, H2AsO3 | 0,975 | 0,964 | 0,947 | 0,928 | 0,902 | 0,860 | 0,820 | 0,775 |
Hg22+, SO42, S2O32, S4O62, S2O82, SeO42, CrO42, HPO42 | 0,903 | 0,867 | 0,803 | 0,740 | 0,660 | 0,545 | 0,445 | 0,355 |
Pb2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Ra2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, S2, CO32, SO32, MoO42, S2O42, WO42 | 0,903 | 0,868 | 0,805 | 0,743 | 0,668 | 0,553 | 0,460 | 0,375 |
Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Sn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Be2+, Ni2+, Co2+ | 0,905 | 0,871 | 0,811 | 0,752 | 0,683 | 0,585 | 0,510 | 0,425 |
PO43, [Fe(CN)6]3, [Co(NO2)6]3 | 0,796 | 0,725 | 0,612 | 0,505 | 0,395 | 0,250 | 0,160 | 0,095 |
Al3+,Fe3+, Cr3+, Sc3+, Y3+, La3+, In3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nb3+, Sm3+ | 0,802 | 0,738 | 0,632 | 0,540 | 0,445 | 0,325 | 0,245 | 0,180 |
[Fe(CN)6]4, Th4+, Zr4+, Ce4+, Sn4+, Ge4+ | 0,673 | 0,579 | 0,440 | 0,335 | 0,230 | 0,135 | 0,128 | 0,053 |
HCOO, CH3COO, (CH3)3NH+, NH2CH2COO, C2H5NH3+, CH3NH3+, (CH3)4N+ (CH3)2NH2+, | 0,975 | 0,964 | 0,947 | 0,927 | 0,901 | 0,855 | 0,815 | 0,770 |
(COO)22, (CH2COO)22, H2C(COO)22, HC6H5O72 | 0,904 | 0,868 | 0,806 | 0,744 | 0,670 | 0,555 | 0,470 | 0,385 |
C6H5O73 | 0,796 | 0,728 | 0,616 | 0,510 | 0,405 | 0,270 | 0,180 | 0,115 |
3.
1. (k) (k) ,
|
|
kK, . | k, . | , | , | |
65NH2 | 5,87 | 3,22 | 457,4 | 267,0 |
(3)2 | 2,40 | 1,48 | 329,0 | 178,4 |
66 | 5,12 | 2,53 | 353,2 | 278,4 |
2 | 1,85 | 0,52 | 373,0 | 273,0 |
25 | 1,99 | 1,22 | 351,4 | 221,7 |
1016 | 40,00 | 6,09 | 477,0 | 447,4 |
65NO2 | 6,90 | 5,27 | 483,9 | 278,7 |
65 | 7,30 | 3,6 | 455,1 | 314,0 |
Cl3 | 4,90 | 3,88 | 334,2 | 209,8 |
Cl4 | 2,98 | 5,30 | 349,7 | 250,0 |
2.
T, K | P, | , | , | , | , | , | , |
610,5 | 1403,0 | 2984,0 | 19916,0 | ||||
656,7 | 1497,0 | 3164,2 | 25003,0 | ||||
705,8 | 1599,0 | 3361,0 | 31157,0 | ||||
757,9 | 1704,9 | 3565,0 | 38544,0 | ||||
813,4 | 1817,0 | 3780,0 | 47343,0 | ||||
872,3 | 1937,0 | 4005,0 | 57809,0 | ||||
935,0 | 2064,0 | 4245,2 | 70101,0 | ||||
1001,6 | 2197,0 | 5622,9 | 84513,0 | ||||
1072,6 | 2337,8 | 7375,9 | 101325,0 | ||||
1147,8 | 2486,0 | 9583,2 | - | - | |||
1227,8 | 2644,0 | 12334,0 | - | - | |||
1311,9 | 2809,0 | 15737,0 | - | - |
4. 293 K
1. (/3)
, ω % | |||||||||||||||
HNO3 | 1,009 | 1,025 | 1,054 | 1,084 | 1,115 | 1,146 | 1,180 | 1,214 | 1,246 | 1,310 | 1,367 | 1,413 | 1,452 | 1,483 | 1,513 |
H2SO4 | 1,012 | 1,031 | 1,066 | 1,102 | 1,139 | 1,178 | 1,219 | 1,260 | 1,303 | 1,395 | 1,498 | 1,611 | 1,727 | 1,814 | 1,831 |
HCl | 1,008 | 1,023 | 1,047 | 1,073 | 1,098 | 1,124 | 1,149 | 1,174 | 1,198 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
HBr | 1,012 | 1,040 | 1,072 | 1,107 | 1,158 | 1,197 | 1,258 | 1,315 | 1,377 | 1,517 | - | - | - | - | - |
HF | 1,005 | 1,020 | 1,036 | 1,052 | 1,070 | 1,086 | 1,102 | 1,114 | 1,128 | 1,155 | - | - | - | - | - |
HCN | 0,996 | 0,990 | 0,982 | 0,972 | 0,958 | 0,943 | 0,925 | 0,908 | 0,892 | 0,860 | - | - | - | - | - |
H3PO4 | 1,009 | 1,025 | 1,053 | 1,083 | 1,113 | 1,146 | 1,181 | 1,216 | 1,254 | 1,335 | 1,426 | 1,526 | 1,633 | 1,746 | 1,870 |
HClO4 | 1,010 | 1,028 | 1,060 | 1,093 | 1,127 | 1,166 | 1,206 | 1,250 | 1,299 | 1,408 | 1,539 | 1,606 (65%) | - | - | |
HIO3 | 1,016 | 1,050 | 1,090 | 1,132 | 1,197 | 1,247 | 1,322 | 1,390 | 1,464 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
HCOOH | 1,002 | 1,012 | 1,025 | 1,037 | 1,049 | 1,061 | 1,073 | 1,085 | 1,096 | 1,121 | 1,142 | 1,166 | 1,186 | 1,204 | 1,221 |
CH3COOH | 1,000 | 1,005 | 1,012 | 1,020 | 1,026 | 1,033 | 1,038 | 1,044 | 1,049 | 1,058 | 1,064 | 1,068 | 1,070 | 1,066 | 1,050 |
H2C2O4 | 1,007 | 1,019 | 1,035 | 1,046 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2. , (/3)
, ω % | |||||||||||||||
NaOH | 1,021 | 1,054 | 1,109 | 1,164 | 1,219 | 1,274 | 1,328 | 1,380 | 1,430 | 1,525 | - | - | - | - | - |
KOH | 1,011 | 1,041 | 1,082 | 1,128 | 1,176 | 1,229 | 1,287 | 1,348 | 1,411 | 1,538 | - | - | - | - | - |
Ca(OH)2 | 1,010 | 1,032 | 1,061 | 1,093 | 1,126 | 1,162 | 1,198 | 1,220 (32,5%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
NH3H2O | 0,990 | 0,977 | 0,958 | 0,940 | 0,923 | 0,907 | 0,892 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
CH3OH | 0,995 | 0,991 | 0,982 | 0,976 | 0,968 | 0,962 | 0,954 | 0,946 | 0,937 | 0,919 | 0,898 | 0,875 | 0,850 | 0,824 | 0,796 |
C2H5OH | 0,996 | 0,990 | 0,983 | 0,977 | 0,971 | 0,964 | 0,957 | 0,948 | 0,941 | 0,917 | 0,894 | 0,870 | 0,846 | 0,810 | 0,794 |
C3H5(OH)3 | 1,003 | 1,010 | 1,022 | 1,035 | 1,047 | 1,060 | 1,073 | 1,086 | 1,105 | 1,126 | 1,153 | 1,181 | 1,208 | 1,235 | 1,261 |
66()6 | 1,002 | 1,018 | 1,038 | 1,059 | 1,081 | 1,104 | 1,127 | 1,151 | 1,176 | 1,230 | 1,287 | 1,347 | 1,412 | 1,445 (85%) |
|
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3. (/3)
t0 | , ω % | |||||||||
AgNO3 (200) | 1,007 | 1,015 | 1,032 | 1,050 | 1,069 | 1,088 | 1,194 | 1,320 | 1,474 | 1,668 |
AlCl3 (180) | 1,007 | 1,016 | 1,034 | 1,152 | 1,071 | 1,090 | - | - | - | - |
Al2(SO4)3(190) | 1,009 | 1,019 | 1,040 | 1,061 | 1,083 | 1,105 | 1,226 | - | - | - |
BaCl2 (200) | - | 1,015 | 1,034 | 1,052 | 1,072 | 1,092 | 1,203 | - | - | - |
CaCl2 (200) | 1,007 | 1,014 | 1,031 | 1,048 | 1,065 | 1,083 | 1,177 | 1,281 | 1,395 | - |
CdSO4 (180) | - | 1,018 | 1,038 | 1,059 | 1,080 | 1,102 | 1,224 | 1,371 | 1,547 | - |
CoCl2 (180) | 1,008 | 1,017 | 1,036 | 1,055 | 1,075 | 1,095 | 1,205 | - | - | - |
CuSO4 (200) | 1,009 | 1,019 | 1,040 | 1,062 | 1,084 | 1,107 | - | - | - | - |
FeCl3 (200) | 1,007 | 1,015 | 1,032 | 1,049 | 1,067 | 1,085 | 1,182 | 1,291 | 1,417 | 1,551 |
FeSO4 (180) | 1,008 | 1,018 | 1,037 | 1,057 | 1,078 | 1,100 | 1,213 | - | - | - |
Fe2(SO4)3(180) | 1,007 | 1,016 | 1,033 | 1,050 | 1,067 | 1,154 | 1,181 | 1,307 | 1,449 | 1,613 |
KBr (200) | 1,005 | 1,012 | 1,027 | 1,042 | 1,058 | 1,074 | 1,160 | 1,259 | 1,374 | - |
K2CO3 (200) | 1,007 | 1,016 | 1,034 | 1,052 | 1,071 | 1,090 | 1,189 | 1,301 | 1,414 | 1,540 |
KCl (200) | 1,004 | 1,011 | 1,023 | 1,036 | 1,050 | 1,063 | 1,132 | - | - | - |
KI (200) | 1,005 | 1,013 | 1,028 | 1,043 | 1,059 | 1,076 | 1,166 | 1,281 | 1,395 | 1,545 |
KMnO4 (150) | 1,006 | 1,013 | 1,027 | 1,041 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
K2SO4 (200) | 1,006 | 1,014 | 1,031 | 1,047 | 1,064 | 1,081 | - | - | - | - |
K2CrO4 (180) | 1,006 | 1,014 | 1,031 | 1,047 | 1,064 | 1,082 | 1,174 | 1,278 | 1,396 | - |
MgSO4 (200) | - | 1,018 | 1,039 | 1,060 | 1,081 | 1,103 | 1,219 | - | - | - |
NH4Cl (200) | 1,001 | 1,004 | 1,010 | 1,016 | 1,022 | 1,028 | 1,056 | - | - | - |
Na2CO3 (200) | 1,008 | 1,019 | 1,039 | 1,060 | 1,081 | 1,102 | - | - | - | - |
Na2SO4 (200) | 1,007 | 1,016 | 1,034 | 1,053 | 1,072 | 1,091 | - | - | - | - |
NaCl (200) | 1,005 | 1,012 | 1,026 | 1,041 | 1,055 | 1,070 | 1,147 | - | - | - |
Pb(NO3)2(180) | 1,007 | 1,016 | 1,034 | 1,052 | 1,072 | 1,091 | 1,203 | 1,328 | - | - |
ZnCl2 (200) | - | 1,016 | 1,035 | 1,053 | 1,071 | 1,089 | 1,186 | 1,292 | 1,417 | 1,568 |
ZnSO4 (200) | - | 1,019 | 1,040 | 1,062 | 1,084 | 1,107 | 1,232 | 1,378 | - | - |