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1.




1. 298,15 K

, 1 2 3
HNO2 6,910-4 - -
HNO3 4,410 - -
(2)AlO3 2,010-11 - -
() HAlO2 4,110-13 - -
() (2)3 7,11010 - -
() 247 1,810-4 1,510-5 -
HBrO4 1,0108 - -
BrO3 2,010-1 - -
HBrO 2,210 9 - -
HBr 1,010 9 - -
2 1,810-16 - -
2(H2)GeO4 7,91010 2,01013 -
2H3(OH)2 7,010-15 - -
H5JO6 2,45102 4,310 9 1,01015
HJO3 1,7101 - -
HJO 2,31011 - -
HJ 1,01011 - -
H4SiO4 1,61010 1,91012 2,01014
HMnO4 1,0108 - -
H2MnO4 1,010-1 7,11011 -
HCOOH 1,8104 - -
H3AsO4 5,6103 1,7107 3,01012
H2()AsO3 5,91010 3,01014 -
H2O2 2,01012 - -
HCNS 1,410-1 - -
H2SeO3 1,810 3 3,210 9 -
H2Se 1,310 4 1,01011 -
H2SeO4 1,0103 1,210 2 -
H2SO4 1,0103 1,210 2 -
H2SO3 1,610-2 6,310-8 -
H2S 1,010-7 2,510-13 -
H2TeO3 2,710-3 1,8108 -
H2Te 2,3103 6,91013 -
2(H4)TeO6 2,45108 1,11011 -
H2S2O3 2,5101 1,9102 -
HSNC 1,010 - -
CCl3COOH 2,210-2 - -
H2CO3 4,510-7 4,710-11 -
CH3COOH 1,710-5 - -
() C65 1,310 10 - -
H2(H)PO3 1,610 2 2,010 7 -
() H2(2)P2O7 1,210 1 7,910 3 -
() H3PO4 7,510-3 6,310-8 5,010-13
H(H2)2 5,9102 - -
HF 6,610-4 - -
HClO2 1,1102 - -
HClO4 3,8108 - -
HClO3 1,0103 - -
HClO 5,0108 - -
HCl 1,0107 - -
CH2ClCOOH 1,6103 - -
H2CrO4 1,6101 3,2107 -
HCN 7,91010 - -
H2C2O4 5,6102 5,4105 -

 

2. 298,15 K

, 1 2 3
C6H5NH2 3,81010 - -
2 1,810-16 - -
KOH 2,9 - -
NaOH 5,9 - -
LiOH 0,7 - -
AgOH 5,0103 - -
NH32 1,810-5 - -
Ba(OH)2 0,23 - -
Be(OH)2 4,910-7 5,01011 -
Sr(OH)2 0,15 - -
Ca(OH)2 0,30 4,310-2 -
Mg(OH)2 2,510-3 3,110-4 -
(2) Fe(OH)2 1,210-2 5,510-8  
(3) Fe(OH)3 4,810-11 1,810‑11 1,510-12
Cd(OH)2 5,0103 1,3104 -
Zn(OH)2 1,310-5 4,910-7  
Al(OH)3 8,310-9 2,110‑9 1,010-9
(2) Pb(OH)2 9,6104 3,0108 -
Co(OH)2 3,210-4 4,0105 -
(2) Mn(OH)2 9,110-4 5,0104 -
(2) Cu(OH)2 4,510-5 3,4107 -
(2) Ni(OH)2 1,310-4 2,5105 -
(3) V(OH)3 8,31012
(3) Ga(OH)3 1,61011 -- --
(3) La(OH)3 5,2104 -- --
(3) Cr(OH)3 3,310-9 1,310-9 1,01010

2. = 298,15

(/)
0,001 0,002 0,005 0,01 0,02 0,05 0,1 0,2
+ 0,975 0,967 0,950 0,993 0,914 0,880 0,860 0,830
Li+, K+, Na+ 0,975 0,965 0,948 0,929 0,903 0,865 0,825 0,780
Rb+, Cs+, NH4+, Ag+, Tl+ 0,975 0,964 0,945 0,924 0,898 0,850 0,800 0,750
Cl, Br,I, CN,NO2, NO3 0,975 0,964 0,945 0,925 0,899 0,850 0,805 0,755
OH,F,CNS,CNO, HS, ClO3, ClO4, BrO3, IO4, MnO4 0,975 0,964 0,946 0,926 0,900 0,855 0,810 0,760
CdCl+, ClO2, IO3, HCO3, H2PO4, HSO3, H2AsO3 0,975 0,964 0,947 0,928 0,902 0,860 0,820 0,775
Hg22+, SO42, S2O32, S4O62, S2O82, SeO42, CrO42, HPO42 0,903 0,867 0,803 0,740 0,660 0,545 0,445 0,355
Pb2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Ra2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, S2, CO32, SO32, MoO42, S2O42, WO42 0,903 0,868 0,805 0,743 0,668 0,553 0,460 0,375
Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Sn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Be2+, Ni2+, Co2+ 0,905 0,871 0,811 0,752 0,683 0,585 0,510 0,425
PO43, [Fe(CN)6]3, [Co(NO2)6]3 0,796 0,725 0,612 0,505 0,395 0,250 0,160 0,095
Al3+,Fe3+, Cr3+, Sc3+, Y3+, La3+, In3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nb3+, Sm3+ 0,802 0,738 0,632 0,540 0,445 0,325 0,245 0,180
[Fe(CN)6]4, Th4+, Zr4+, Ce4+, Sn4+, Ge4+ 0,673 0,579 0,440 0,335 0,230 0,135 0,128 0,053
HCOO, CH3COO, (CH3)3NH+, NH2CH2COO, C2H5NH3+, CH3NH3+, (CH3)4N+ (CH3)2NH2+, 0,975 0,964 0,947 0,927 0,901 0,855 0,815 0,770
(COO)22, (CH2COO)22, H2C(COO)22, HC6H5O72 0,904 0,868 0,806 0,744 0,670 0,555 0,470 0,385
C6H5O73 0,796 0,728 0,616 0,510 0,405 0,270 0,180 0,115

3.

1. (k) (k) ,

kK, . k, . , ,
65NH2 5,87 3,22 457,4 267,0
(3)2 2,40 1,48 329,0 178,4
66 5,12 2,53 353,2 278,4
2 1,85 0,52 373,0 273,0
25 1,99 1,22 351,4 221,7
1016 40,00 6,09 477,0 447,4
65NO2 6,90 5,27 483,9 278,7
65 7,30 3,6 455,1 314,0
Cl3 4,90 3,88 334,2 209,8
Cl4 2,98 5,30 349,7 250,0

 

2.

 

T, K P, , , , , , ,
  610,5   1403,0   2984,0   19916,0
  656,7   1497,0   3164,2   25003,0
  705,8   1599,0   3361,0   31157,0
  757,9   1704,9   3565,0   38544,0
  813,4   1817,0   3780,0   47343,0
  872,3   1937,0   4005,0   57809,0
  935,0   2064,0   4245,2   70101,0
  1001,6   2197,0   5622,9   84513,0
  1072,6   2337,8   7375,9   101325,0
  1147,8   2486,0   9583,2 - -
  1227,8   2644,0   12334,0 - -
  1311,9   2809,0   15737,0 - -

 


4. 293 K

1. (/3)

, ω %
                             
HNO3 1,009 1,025 1,054 1,084 1,115 1,146 1,180 1,214 1,246 1,310 1,367 1,413 1,452 1,483 1,513
H2SO4 1,012 1,031 1,066 1,102 1,139 1,178 1,219 1,260 1,303 1,395 1,498 1,611 1,727 1,814 1,831
HCl 1,008 1,023 1,047 1,073 1,098 1,124 1,149 1,174 1,198 - - - - - -
HBr 1,012 1,040 1,072 1,107 1,158 1,197 1,258 1,315 1,377 1,517 - - - - -
HF 1,005 1,020 1,036 1,052 1,070 1,086 1,102 1,114 1,128 1,155 - - - - -
HCN 0,996 0,990 0,982 0,972 0,958 0,943 0,925 0,908 0,892 0,860 - - - - -
H3PO4 1,009 1,025 1,053 1,083 1,113 1,146 1,181 1,216 1,254 1,335 1,426 1,526 1,633 1,746 1,870
HClO4 1,010 1,028 1,060 1,093 1,127 1,166 1,206 1,250 1,299 1,408 1,539 1,606 (65%) - -
HIO3 1,016 1,050 1,090 1,132 1,197 1,247 1,322 1,390 1,464 - - - - - -
HCOOH 1,002 1,012 1,025 1,037 1,049 1,061 1,073 1,085 1,096 1,121 1,142 1,166 1,186 1,204 1,221
CH3COOH 1,000 1,005 1,012 1,020 1,026 1,033 1,038 1,044 1,049 1,058 1,064 1,068 1,070 1,066 1,050
H2C2O4 1,007 1,019 1,035 1,046 - - - - - - - - - - -

2. , (/3)

, ω %
                             
NaOH 1,021 1,054 1,109 1,164 1,219 1,274 1,328 1,380 1,430 1,525 - - - - -
KOH 1,011 1,041 1,082 1,128 1,176 1,229 1,287 1,348 1,411 1,538 - - - - -
Ca(OH)2 1,010 1,032 1,061 1,093 1,126 1,162 1,198 1,220 (32,5%) - - - - - -
NH3H2O 0,990 0,977 0,958 0,940 0,923 0,907 0,892 - - - - - - - -
CH3OH 0,995 0,991 0,982 0,976 0,968 0,962 0,954 0,946 0,937 0,919 0,898 0,875 0,850 0,824 0,796
C2H5OH 0,996 0,990 0,983 0,977 0,971 0,964 0,957 0,948 0,941 0,917 0,894 0,870 0,846 0,810 0,794
C3H5(OH)3 1,003 1,010 1,022 1,035 1,047 1,060 1,073 1,086 1,105 1,126 1,153 1,181 1,208 1,235 1,261
66()6 1,002 1,018 1,038 1,059 1,081 1,104 1,127 1,151 1,176 1,230 1,287 1,347 1,412 1,445 (85%)

 

3. (/3)

t0 , ω %
                   
AgNO3 (200) 1,007 1,015 1,032 1,050 1,069 1,088 1,194 1,320 1,474 1,668
AlCl3 (180) 1,007 1,016 1,034 1,152 1,071 1,090 - - - -
Al2(SO4)3(190) 1,009 1,019 1,040 1,061 1,083 1,105 1,226 - - -
BaCl2 (200) - 1,015 1,034 1,052 1,072 1,092 1,203 - - -
CaCl2 (200) 1,007 1,014 1,031 1,048 1,065 1,083 1,177 1,281 1,395 -
CdSO4 (180) - 1,018 1,038 1,059 1,080 1,102 1,224 1,371 1,547 -
CoCl2 (180) 1,008 1,017 1,036 1,055 1,075 1,095 1,205 - - -
CuSO4 (200) 1,009 1,019 1,040 1,062 1,084 1,107 - - - -
FeCl3 (200) 1,007 1,015 1,032 1,049 1,067 1,085 1,182 1,291 1,417 1,551
FeSO4 (180) 1,008 1,018 1,037 1,057 1,078 1,100 1,213 - - -
Fe2(SO4)3(180) 1,007 1,016 1,033 1,050 1,067 1,154 1,181 1,307 1,449 1,613
KBr (200) 1,005 1,012 1,027 1,042 1,058 1,074 1,160 1,259 1,374 -
K2CO3 (200) 1,007 1,016 1,034 1,052 1,071 1,090 1,189 1,301 1,414 1,540
KCl (200) 1,004 1,011 1,023 1,036 1,050 1,063 1,132 - - -
KI (200) 1,005 1,013 1,028 1,043 1,059 1,076 1,166 1,281 1,395 1,545
KMnO4 (150) 1,006 1,013 1,027 1,041 - - - - - -
K2SO4 (200) 1,006 1,014 1,031 1,047 1,064 1,081 - - - -
K2CrO4 (180) 1,006 1,014 1,031 1,047 1,064 1,082 1,174 1,278 1,396 -
MgSO4 (200) - 1,018 1,039 1,060 1,081 1,103 1,219 - - -
NH4Cl (200) 1,001 1,004 1,010 1,016 1,022 1,028 1,056 - - -
Na2CO3 (200) 1,008 1,019 1,039 1,060 1,081 1,102 - - - -
Na2SO4 (200) 1,007 1,016 1,034 1,053 1,072 1,091 - - - -
NaCl (200) 1,005 1,012 1,026 1,041 1,055 1,070 1,147 - - -
Pb(NO3)2(180) 1,007 1,016 1,034 1,052 1,072 1,091 1,203 1,328 - -
ZnCl2 (200) - 1,016 1,035 1,053 1,071 1,089 1,186 1,292 1,417 1,568
ZnSO4 (200) - 1,019 1,040 1,062 1,084 1,107 1,232 1,378 - -




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