.


:

:



,



( , )

:

































 

 

 

 
FAQ

Theoretical English Grammar

12 ⇒



 

-

( )

(2012-2013 . )

2013

Theoretical English Phonetics

  1. Segmental phonetics and phonology: phonemes and allophones
  2. Suprasegmental phonetics and phonology: syllable and word-stress
  3. Suprasegmental phonetics and phonology: prosody and intonation

 

1. Segmental phonetics and phonology: phonemes and allophones

Phoneme as the smallest unit of phonology. Definitions of the phoneme. Main trends in phoneme theory: functional, psychological, physical. Types of phonemes. Phoneme and allophones. Principal and subsidiary allophones. Modifications of phonemes in speech: accommodation, assimilation, elision and reduction. Types of transcription.

 

2.Suprasegmental phonetics and phonology: syllable and word-stress

The syllabic structure of English and Russian. Definitions of the syllable. Types of syllables. Theories of syllable formation and syllable division. Functional characteristics of the syllable. Graphic characteristics of the syllable.

 

Stress, its types. The nature of word-stress. Qualitative and quantitative components of word-stress. Degrees of word-stress. Tendencies in the placement of word-stress. Functions of word-stress: constitutive, distinctive and recognitive. The most common stress patterns in English and in Russian. Word-stress and sentence-stress.

 

3.Suprasegmental phonetics and phonology: prosody and intonation

Prosody. Prosodic units. Intonation. Definitions of intonation: Intonation in the works of Russian and foreign scholars. Components of intonation. The pitch component of intonation. The units of the pitch component of intonation: pitch range, pitch level and terminal tone. The phonological status of English terminal tones. The functions of speech melody. Sentence (utterance) stress. Types of utterance stress: nuclear, non-nuclear, full stress, partial stress. Tempo. Degrees and types of tempo. Functions of tempo. Pauses. Types of pauses. Functions of pauses. Rhythm. Stress-timed and syllable-timed rhythm. Two approaches to rhythmic division: formal and semantic (grammatical). Types of rhythm. Rhythmic units in poetry and prose. Functions of rhythm. Utterance, its intonation structure.

 


1. :

2. :

3. :

 

1. :

. . : , , . . . . : , , , . .

2. :

. . . . . .

. . . . : , , . . .

 

3. :

. . . . .

. () . : , , . . .

. : , , , .

. . .

. . .

. : (). .

.

:

  1. , . . . []: / . . . .: , 1970. 324 .
  2. , . . []: . - . . ./ . . , . . . : , 1980. 144 .
  3. , . . []: . / . . . 3- ., . . .: , 2002. 336 . ( )
  4. []: . . - . . ./ . . [ .]. .: . . , 1996. 286 . ( )
  5. , . . []: / . . . .: , 2006. 191 .
  6. , . . . []: . . ./ . . , . . , . . . .: , 2006. 272 .

 

Lexicology

  1. The morphological structure of the English word.
  2. Types of word-formation in English.
  3. Synonymy. Definition of synonyms and their diagnostic criteria. Classification of synonyms.
  4. Antonymy. Definition of antonyms and their classifications.
  5. Homonymy. Classification of homonyms. Sources of homonymy.
  6. Causes, nature and results of semantic change

 

1. The morphological structure of the English word.

The morpheme, its definition and general characteristic. Types of morphemes: semantic classification (root, prefix, suffix, inflection) and structural classification (free, bound, semi-free morphemes). Morphemic analysis and word-formation analysis: their definitions, aims, IC analysis. Difficulties of morphemic analysis.

 

2. Types of word-formation in English.

Affixation (prefixation and suffixation), word-composition, shortening (clipping, abbreviation, blending), conversion, postpositivation, reversion. (Definitions; classifications of structural and semantic patterns).

3. Synonymy. Definition of synonyms and their diagnostic criteria. Classification of synonyms.

Definition of synonyms. Synonymic sets. Status and features of the synonymic dominant. Classifications of synonyms: 1) V.V. Vinogradovs classification (ideographic, stylistic, absolute (total)); 2) according to the type of connotation. Sources of synonymy: borrowing, word-formation, euphemisms.

4. Antonymy. Definition of antonyms and their classifications.

Definition of antonyms. Contextual approach to antonyms after V.N. Komissarov. Semantic classification of antonyms (contrary, contradictory, conversive, vectorial). Structural classification of antonyms (root and derivational).

 

5. Homonymy. Classifications of homonyms. Sources of homonymy.

Classifications of homonyms: homophones, homographs, perfect homonyms; full and partial homonyms; lexical, grammatical and lexico-grammatical homonyms.

Sources of homonymy: convergent sound development, split of polysemy, borrowing, word-formation.

6. Causes, nature and results of semantic change.

1) Causes of semantic change: extralinguistic (historical, social, psychological) and linguistic (ellipsis, differentiation of synonyms, fixed context, linguistic analogy).

2) Nature of semantic change: metaphor and metonymy.

3) Results of semantic change: narrowing, broadening, amelioration, deterioration.


  1. .
  2. .
  3. . , . .
  4. . .
  5. . . .
  6. , .

 

 

  1. .

: . (, , , ) (, , - ). : . .

  1. .

( ), , (, , ), , , . ; .

3. . , . .

( ). . ; . : 1) .. (, , ); 2) . : , , .

4. . .

( ). .. . (, , , -). ( ).

  1. . . .

(, , , , ). : a) , , ; b) ; c) , , - .

6. , .

: (, , ) (, , , ). : . : , , , .

 

:

  1. Arnold, I.V. The English Word / I.V. Arnold .: . ., 1986. 295 p. ( . .)
  2. Ginzburg, R. S., Khidekel, S. S., Knyazeva, G. Y., Sankin,A. A. A Course in Modern English Lexicology / R. S. Ginzburg, S. S. Khidekel, G. Y. Knyazeva, A. A. Sankin .: Higher School Publishing Hourse, 1966. 275 p. ( . .)
  3. Antrushina G.B., Afanasyeva O.V., Morozova N.N. English Lexicology/ G. B. Antrushina, O.V. Afanasyeva, N.N. Morozova M.: . ., 1985. 223 .
  4. , . . - ( )./ .. : , 2005. 587 c.

 

 

Theoretical English Grammar

  1. The problem of parts of speech in Modern English.
  2. The problem of parts of the sentence. Main and secondary parts of the sentence.
  3. Fundamentals of the IC method. Syntagmatic relationships of words in the sentence: coordinate, subordinate, predicative.
  4. The verb: grammatical categories of Tense and Aspect.
  5. The noun as a part of speech. Grammatical categories of the noun.

 

  1. The problem of parts of speech in Modern English. Diagnostic criteria for parts of speech (semantic, morphological, functional).

Different approaches to the classification of parts of speech. The notion of parts of speech. Diagnostic criteria for the classification of parts of speech. Notional and formal parts of speech.

 

  1. The problem of parts of the sentence. Main and secondary parts of the sentence.

The notion of parts of the sentence. The problem of the hierarchy of parts of the sentence. The subject; the predicate; the object; the adverbial modifier; the attribute; extensions, connectors and other secondary parts of the sentence.

 

 

  1. Fundamentals of the IC method. Syntagmatic relationships of words in the sentence: coordinate, subordinate, predicative.

Immediate Constants Analysis: fundamental principles. The coordinate type of: Syntagmatic relationships between words in the sentence. Subordinate relationships: a) the attributive subordinate relationship; the combinability of noun as headwords in attributive word-combination; b) the objective subordinate relationships; c) the adverbial subordinate relationships. The predicative relationships (primary and secondary predication).

 

  1. The verb: grammatical categories of Tense and Aspect.

The definition of the verb as a part of speech. Time and Tense, The problem of Future Tense. Oppositions of tense forms. The grammatical category of Aspect: the definition; the oppositions of aspectual forms: continuous / non-continuous, perfect / non-perfect forms.

  1. The noun as a part of speech. Grammatical categories of the noun.

The general characteristics of the noun as a part of speech. The grammatical category of Number. The Pluralia Tantum and Singularia Tantum nouns. The problem of case in English (the morphological and syntactic approaches).

 

 

  1. .
  2. . .
  3. (). : , , .
  4. : .
  5. . .
  1. .

. (, , ). . .
  1. . .

. : ; ; ; ; ; , .

  1. (). : , , .

. : ( ), , (, , ). .

  1. : .

. . . time tense. . . . : /, /.

  1. . .

. . . : Pluralia Tantum Singularia Tantum. ( , , ).

 

 

:

  1. ( ). (. . . ) , 1997 409.
  2. M. Y. Blokh. A Course in Theoretical English Grammar. . , 1983 382 .
  3. B. Ilysh. The structure of Modern English. - ., 1971 365 .
  4. The Issules in English Philology (Study Manual)/ - Irkutsk: ISLU, 1998 140 p.
  5. . . . .: 1986.
  6. . . . .: , 1984.
  7. . ., . ., . . . .: , 1984.
  8. . . . ., 1959.

 

12 ⇒


:

: 2017-01-28; !; : 896 |

:

:

! . .
==> ...

2035 - | 1818 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.031 .