h=h1×h3×h22=0.97×0.96×0.9920.8945
P3=10
. .1 [1, .390] =11,2 4, , , 1500 / 4160S4, =15 2.3% ( 1952381).
n=1500(1-0.023)=1466 /, w= 
/.
i=2¸6 i=2¸6; i= i×i=4¸36
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
.
: 218566 [1, .36] u=4, i =u = 
.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
2.
1 = 
11,2
.
=10
:
=73 
4=292
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
3.
(. 3.3) [1, .34]: 45, , HB 230; 45, , 30 HB 200 [1,.34].
,
sH lim b .
. 3.2 [1,.34] HB 350 ()
sH lim b=2HB+70;
KHL ; , , KHL=1; [s]=1.1 [1,.33].
[sH]=0.45([sH1]+ [sH2]);
;
428 .
[s]=0.45(482+428)=410 .
[s] 
1.23[s2] .
. 3.1 [1, c.32], , b=1.1.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
[1, c.36
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
|
|
|
,
=43, u=up=4.
218566 aw=140 [1, c.36].
: mn=(0.01¸0.02) aw=(0.01¸0.02)×140=1.4¸2.8 ;
956360 mn=2.5 [1, c.36].
b=10 : 
.
z1=22; z2=z1u=22×4=88. z2=88.
;
b= arccos0.9821=10,9.
:
:
;
;
: 
.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
da1=d1+2mn=56+2×2.5=61 ;
da2=d2+2mn=224+2×2.5=229 ;
b2=ybaaw=0.4×140=56 . b2=56 .
b1= b2+5 =61 .
:
.
/
8- [1, c.32].
KH=KHbKHa KHV.
KHb . 3.5 [1, c.39]; ybd=1., 
350 KHb=1.04.
. 3.4 [1, c.39] V=4.3 /c 8- KHa1.09. . 3.6 [1, c.40] V 5 / KHV= 1.01.
, KH=1.04×1.09×1.011.14.
:
sH 
>[s]= 410 .
,
%,
5% [1, c.62].
, :
Ft= 
H;
Fr = 
;
Fa=Fttg b=2607.1×tg10.9 
570 H.
a=20 - .
:
KF= KFb KFV [1, c.42].
. 3.7 [1, c.43] ybd=1, HB 350 KFb=1.1. . 3.8 [1, c.43] KFV=1.3. , KF=1.1×1.31.43; YF , ZV:
;
,
YF13.95 YF2=3.6 [1, c.42].
.
. 3.9 [1, c.44] 45 HB 350 
=1.8HB.
=1.8×230=415 M; 
=1.8×200=360
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
SF]= [SF]¢ [SF]² , [SF]¢ = 1.75 . 3.9 [1, c.44], [SF]²=1 ( ). [SF]= 1.75.
:
;
.
:
, .
Yb KFa
;
ea=1.5 8- KFa=0.92.
|
|
|
M <[sF2]=206 .
.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
4.
.
[t]=25 .
, d d1. (. . 2)[1, . 391] d=42 . 20884-82 d=42 d1=32
d1=40 .
.
[t]=20 .
.
d2=45 ;
d2=50 ;
d2=55 .
.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
5.
; : d1= 56 ; da1=61 ; b1=61 .
d2=224 ; da2=229 ; b2=56 .
d=1.6d2=1.6×55=88 ; l=(1.2¸1.5)d2=(1.2¸1.5)×55=66¸82.5 , l=70
d=(2.5¸4)mn=(2.5¸4)×2.5=6.25¸10 , d=10 .
C=0.3×b2=0.3×56=16.8 , =16
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
6.
:
d=0.025aw+1=0.025×140+1=4.5 , d=8 ( );
d1=0.02aw+1=0.02×140+1=3.8 , d1=8 ( ).
() :
b=1.5d=1.5×8=12 ; b1=1.5d1=1.5×8=12 ;
p=2.35d=2.35×8=18.8 ; p=20 .
:
d1=(0.03¸0.036)aw+12=(0.03¸0.036)×140+12=16.2¸17.04 ;
16;
d2=(0.7¸0.075)d1=(0.7¸0.75)16=11.2¸12 ;
12;
d3=(0.5¸0.6)d1=(0.5¸0.6)×16=8¸9.6 10.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
1. i = 3.84
2. z1=22. z2= z1i = 22 3.84= 84.5. z2=84.
3. u = 
=84:22=3.8
=38.4 / 
=10 /
4-7. . . 6.4 [2, .92], 40.
16 [2, c 110], : [s]F1=245 ; [s]F2=205.
8.
tgs1=1/u=1/3.82=0.262 s1=14.6
s2= 
s1=90 -14.6 =75.4
z1= z1/coss1 = 22/cos14.6= 22.7
|
|
|
z2= z2/coss2 = 84/cos75.4= 333.2
. 6.8[2, . 101]: YF1=3.92, YF2 =3.6
9. :
[s]F1/ YF1=(245/3.92) =62.5 ,
[s]F2/ YF2=(205/3.6) =57.5.
, .
10. . . 6.9[2, . 101], 
=0.4; . 6.10 [2, . 102] 
=1.07.
11.
.
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
22)=97 .
b= d1=0,4 97=38,8 .
me=m+(b sin 
1)/ z
| . |
| . |
me =5 .
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
d1e= me z1=5*22=110 . de= me z2=5*84=420 .
| . |
| . |
dae1= de1 +2mecos 1=(110+2*5*cos14,6)=119,7 .
dae2= de1+2mecos 2
| . |
| . |
Re= de1/(2sin 1)=110/(2sin14.6)]=218 .
13.
m= me-(bsin 1)/ z1=[5-(38,8sin14.6)/22=4,56 .
d1 = mz1=(4,56*22)=100,3 .
V= 
d1/2=(38.4*100,3* 
/2=1,9 /.
9-
14.
Ft= 21 /d1=(2*293/100,3* =5842 ;
15. KFv =1.4 [2, c. 102]
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
. .
; 1: 1, .
; aw = 140 .
; ; .
;
) 1 = 1,2d=9.6 .; ;
) = d=8 .;
) = d=8 .; , .
|
|
|
; d 1 = 40 d 2 = 50
. [1, c.394] :
| d | D | B | , | ||
| , | 0 | ||||
| 41,0 65,8 | 22,4 36,0 | ||||
| . D = 90 da 1 = 61 . |
. .
. = 8¸12 .
l 1= 61,6 l 2 = 63,6 .
l 1 = l 2 = 63,6 .
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
l 1,5 ; 310 =27 ; l = 1,5 × 27 = 40,5 ; l = 40 .
7 .
10 .
l 3= 55,5 , . l 3 = 56 .
9.
. Ft = 2607 , Fr = 966 F = 502 ; l 1 = 63,6 .
:
z
z
: Ry 1 + R y2 Fr = 593,5 + 372,5 966 =0
1.
308 (. , . ): d =40; D = 90 : = 23 ; = 41,0 0 = 22,4 .
r 1= 1432 : a = Fa = 502 ; V = 1 ( ); = 1 (1, . 9.19); = 1 (1, . 9.20).
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
(1,. 9.18.) = 0,21.
> e; X=0,56 Y=1,88
, .
,
16162 85
, : Ft = 2607 , Fr = 966 F = 502
5842 .
l 2 = 63,6 l 3= 56 .
:
xz
: 
yz
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
: 
4.
310 (1, . ):
d = 50 ; D = 110 ; = 31 ; = 65,8 0 = 36,0 .
; (1, . 9.18) e 
0,19( ).
<e; , X=1, Y=0. 
( 
, , )
, ..
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
= 367 / -
10.
, , , .
.
, . .
:
) , l 1. , ( , );
) . 12 . .
, (Æ 40 ). ;
|
|
|
) .
) Æ 32 .
. :
) ; Æ 55 Æ 50 2 3 , ( !).
) l 2, *;
) , .
Æ50 Æ45 2 3 , ( !). 23360-78. , 5 10 .
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
11.
. 23360 78 (1, . 8.9).
45 .
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
[s] = 100¸120 .
: d = 32 ; b h = 10 8 ; t 1 = 5 ; l = 32 ( 40 , [1,. 11.7); 1 = 73 . 103 .;
.
- ( ). : d = 45 ; b x h = 14 9 ; tl = 5,5 ; l = 60 2 = 292 . 103 .;
12.
, , ().
s () [ s ]. s ³ [ s ].
.
.
, ( ), . . 45, .
. 3.3[1, c.34] 90 ( da 1 = 61) s = 780 .
-. . .
d=32 ; b=10 ; 
=5
k t = 1,68 (1, . 8.5), et 0,76 (1, . 8.8) yt 0,1.
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
1616278 , , . 
25 × 103 × < < 250 × 103 ×.
l = 40 , 
×. 
[1, . 8.5]; 
[1, . 8.8]; 
[1, c. 163].
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
(13,5 12,4) , .
.
45 ; s = 780 (1, . 3.3).
s-1 = 0,43 . 780 = 335,4 t-1 = 0,58 . 335,4 = 194,5 .
. 55 . (1, . 8.5): k s=1,79 k t= 1,68; es = 0,81; et = 0,69 (1, . 8.8); ys 0, 15 yt 0,1.
2= 292 103 .
(d = 55 ; b = 16 ; t 1 = 6 )
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
| . |
| . |
- . (1, . 8.7.); 
; ys = 0,15 yt = 0,1.
| . |
| . |
. Æ 50 Æ 45 :
| . |
| . |
| -211.07 |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
k s=2,03 k t= 1,44 (. . 8.2). (. . 8.8) es = 0,885; et = 0,715.
, .
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
|
|
|
|
|
: 2017-01-21; !; : 5898 |
:
| 1616 - 
: 0.316 .