3.
11.
:
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. - MULTICS "".
6. - Intel 386
(segmentation) - , , .. . ( ), , . , . , :
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
(, COMMON- FORTRAN);
;
;
.
.1 .
. 1. .
, , , .
- :
<segment-number, offset>,
segment -number , offset .
. :
base () ;
limit .
- segment-table base register (STBR) .
- segment-table length register (STLR) , .
s , s < STLR.
(relocation) , .. .
(sharing) , .. . .
: .
, ( ). , , .
|
|
, , , , . , :
validation- ( ): , 0, , , .. ;
(read) / (write) / (execute) ; , 0, , .
, , 0. , 0 .
. .
"" : ( , , , ).
, .
.2 . (s, d), s , d , . s , . d () . , , , . , . s , , .
. 2. .
UNIX, Linux, Solaris : Segmentation violation ( ) . : () , , , 0, 0 . , , UNIX , . , , (, 5) , SIGSEGV (segmentation violation).