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U*T (x). (6) JT-1(x) W*T-1(x). , JT (x), JT-1(x),.,J0(x) U*T(x), U*T-1(x),,U*0(x).
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max , , t=0, 1, 2, , .
T=3, f(t,x,u)=1+x-u2, g(t,x,u)=x+u.
(7) T=3, J3(x) , .
u=0, .. J3(x)=1+x, .
s=2 , h2(u)=1+x-u2+J3(x+u)
J3(x)=1+x, J3(x+u)=1+(x+u) h2(u)=1+x-u2+1+x+u=2+2x+u-u2; h2(u)=1-2u, h2(u)=0, u=1/2, h2(u) , u, u2*(x)=1/2, J2(x)=h2(u2*(x))=2+2x+1/2-1/4=2x+9/4.
s=1 h1(u)=1+x-u2+2(x+u)+9/4=3x+2u-u2+13/4
h1(u)=2-2u; h1(u)=0, u=1.
u1*(x)=1 J1(x)=3x+2-1+13/4=3x+17/4.
s=0
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max
t
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u
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β = , r , 0 < < , γ (0, 1), A>0
max ( + ) (I)
, = (0, x)
f(t, x, u) = , t = 0, 1, T-1
f(T, x, u) = - u , , , = (II), = (0, x) .
(6)
= + (x-u))] (III)
s = T-1
= + ] (IV),
(x-u)) =
g(u) = +
g(u) = (1-γ) + (1-γ)(-1)
g(u) =0 ó = (-1)
=
= 1 + = (V)
u =
g(u) = (1-γ)(-γ) + (1-γ)(-γ) , < 0,
g(u)
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g () = + β A =
= + = (1 + β A ( -1)) =
β A =
= (1 + -1) = (VI)
(IV), (VI) ( (VI) max y(u), (IV))
(x) =
, ,
s= T-2
(x) =
, = u = , = 1+ (x) =
, t
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= 1+ = 1 +
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t
=
14 1
(1)
(1)
U=R
U
f()=f(t, xt, )=
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, t = s, s+1,
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(6) , , s.
. (4) (1) .
J (x) = max [f(x,u)+ßJ(g(x,u))] (8)
uÎU
. , t=0 . u, β f(x,u)=f(x,u) t=1 x1=g(x,u).
t=1 J1(g(x,u))=βJ(g(x,u)). , t=0, f(x,u) +βJ(g(x,u)), J(x)
(8) , , (2), , (8) , u(x), (8) t. (8) .
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∞
Max∑ βt(xt, vt)1- ɣ (1)
xt+1=a(1-v1)xt, t=0,1....
VtÎ(0,1)
a>0, x0>0, βÎ (0,1), ɣÎ (0,1)
β a1- ɣ <1
, (8)
(ii)
, . , k.
, > 0:
(iii)
.
,
(IV)
ϕ(ϑ)<0, ϑϵ(0;1).
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xt = x(ar)t
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, t=0,,T-1 (1)
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U
(Hamiltonian)
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