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On Translator Ethics. Principles for mediation between cultures by Anthony Pym 2012 Volume 104- 185 .

Amsterdam Nida Institute for Biblical Scholarship John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia


 

Pym, Anthony. 2010b. The translator as non-author, and I am sorry about that. In The Translator as Author, ed. by Claudia Buffagni, Beatrice Garzelli, Serenella Zanotti, 31-44. Berlin: LIT Verlag.

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1) 2) 3) ? . , , , : Here I will try to produce evidence of why translators are not authors 62An author is someone whose position is established by the words. In all languages that have personal pronouns, linguistic subjects are positioned in relation to the I-here-now of an utterance (this is a matter of definition; it requires no proof). The linguistic subject that is translating, however, cannot occupy an I-here-now while they are actually translating: whenever they say I, that position is ostensibly occupied by someone else, the author of a previous text.63

, ( ) - --- , --- , . , ߻, , ߻ . ߻ the alien I: The upshot is that translating translators have no I, or are condemned to use what is called the alien I. That might be a defining feature of what we would want to call translations, but I have no proof of any universality and I have not tested the cultural or historical frontiers involved.ibid

: Keeping with the intercultural protection of messengers (a lesson hopefully learned from Sperthias and Bulis), translators are not normally required to claim the truth, rightness, or truthfulness of the text they work from. Translators are, however, regularly required to make such claims about the way the translation represents a source text - we claim the translation is a true representation, that it is appropriate to the communicative norms of the (receiving) situation, and that the translator believes in the truth of the representational act 65

The translator of pharmaceutical instructions, for example, would certainly have to trust the validity claims of the source text, but that trust would be essentially the same as any user of the actual pharmaceutical products. If the translation misrepresents the source, the translator is responsible; if the source instructions are badly written or the drug has unforeseen side-effects, the translator is not responsible. There are institutional authors that are legally liable in such cases 67 The translation form posits that the translator is responsible for some things but not for others. That is perhaps necessary for our entire discussion; translator ethics would otherwise have no foundation. If translators were not in some way respon-sible, if they did not have to accept responsibility for any of their choices, there would be no ethical issue and therefore no need for principles to guide their work.68 Different translators will come up with marginally different solutions, each normally selecting one, even though several different solutions may be ethically valid. The indeterminacy of translation (the fact that different transla-tors work differently, and all are correct) sets up a minor freedom of choice, hence responsibility, and thus the possibility of translator ethics. Ethics is only there to help or direct the choices that arise from the translators thought processes. It is there to help conceptualize relational issues, to foresee possible contradictions, to find and propose satisfying solutions, to facilitate debate and decision. 69
Some principles try to regulate the relationship between translators and the people that surround them. For example, translators are held to be responsible with regard to their clients, authors, readers, and co-intermediaries. Such principles are almost always simple prescriptions, like those found in the codes of ethics, official decla-rations, and school texts. Rather than say what translators should do, they tend to list what translators should not do: reveal professional secrets, sign for someone elses work, add their own ideas, deliver work late, and so on. These relational principles constitute codes similar to those of any other service profession. They do not help the translator solve the difficult decisions encountered while actually translating. If translators only followed professional recipes, they would not be re-sponsible for anything that was really theirs. Their capacity to bring about change, their agency, would only be that of the profession. 68

 

 

 

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