50- , 60- , 70-, , .
:
- 1970 , 196769 ;
- - 1971 73 ., ;
- 1973 , , 2,53 10, 30 ( 200 ), .
: 1973 . , " ". , 2 . . .
1960 . - (). , . 1973 ., , , . , . . . (international oil companies - IOCs) (national oil companies - NOCs).
. 1983 . - (New-York Merchantile Exchange - NYMEX), , IOCs, - , , -, , , ( , ).
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80- " ". " " - , , . .
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