x = 2 
= 
= 3,3, (2.7)
K - , ..
K = (K1 + K2)/2 = (520,911 + 1492,276)/2 = 1006,59 (3/c),
h = (h1 + h2)/2 = (1 +2)/2 = 1,5 ().
:
|
|
|
|
{h2 h1 (1 
)×[j(h2) j(h1)]}, (2.8)
h2 = 
= 
=1,1; h1 = 
= 
= 1,18, , h (1,05¸1,1) h0.
, N - N , , , h = h/h0 = 0,99 ¸ 0,95.
h .
= 
, (2.9)
= 
= 
= 59,73 (0,5/); 
= 
= 
= 13 (). 
= 
= 92,32.
0 c0 h0, c .
j(h1) j(h2) i > 0 , [2, 3, 4,5].
[jb(h) ja(h)]. (2.10)
j(h1) = 0,416,
jx(h2) = 0,568,
L. = (0,29/0,3)*{1,1 1,18 (1 92,32)*[0,568 0,416]} = 13,386.
L.c L, :
) L > L.c, h0, , . 2.1;
) L < L.c, h2 > h0.
dl = 
{h2 h1 (1 )×[j2(h) j1(h)]}, (2.11)
, h0/i, 
. x ( 2.7) K = (h) (. 2.5). .
:
- L > L., h (1,05¸4,1)h0;
- L <L., 
L.
4 . [. .2.1].
2.3.
( i > 0,02¸0,03) , . -
= 264,286 (/), (2.12)
h2 .
Va .. -
Va = 
, (2.13)
cosy = 
= 
=0,954, n - ; R - , h0.,R=0,274 .
Va = 
= 9,044 (/).
(V) >Va, V £ 20 / . .
(h) = h ×[1 + 0,01×(V)]=0,014*[1+0.01*264,286]=0,051 () (2.14)
.. (V) =264,286 /> Va =9,044 /, .
.
h = 0,3; (V) = 
= 12,3 > Va;
h = 0,35; (V) = 
= 10,52 > Va;
h = 0,4; (V) = 
= 9,25 > Va;
h = 0,42; (V) = 
= 8,809< Va;
. 2.6.
q
tgq £ 1/ 
, (2.12)
= 
=11048,809, w - , h2, h0.
tgq £ 1/ 
=0,009; q=6,7.
..
l 1,25*l, (2.13)
l - .
, , ..
l = 
. (2.14)
b1 = b, l - .
, , ..
l = 10,3 × h × ( -1)0,81 = 10,3*0,051( -1)0,81 = 22,612 (), (2.15)
h - h h2 .
l = 
= 22,567 (); l = 1,25*22,567 = 28,209 ().
l
b0 = b + 2 * tgq * lop = 10+2*0,009*28,209 = 10,508 (). (2.16)
h 
= h 
( ), ..
= 
(2.17)
b 
= b + 2*1*tgq = 10 + 2*22,567 *0,009 = 10,406 () - .
h 1 , h" l .
.
h" = 
= 
=1,222 (), (2.18)
h - , . .. , h = 7,3 () > h = 1,222 ().
, h02 Q; b0; m0 i02, .
h02 = (h), (. . 1.1) [. .2.7].
2.5
K = (h)
| h, | w, 2 | c, | R, | C, 0,5/ | K = w  , 3/
|
| h1 =1 | 0,83 | 57,024 | 519,513 | ||
| h2 = 2 | 1,43 | 62,436 | 1493,252 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
h02 .. .
|
|
|
X = 2 
= 2*lg(
)/lg(
) = 3,043, (2.19)
1, 2 - , h1 h2.
h02
h02 = hi 
= 2*(
)2/ 3,043 = 1,099 () (2.20)
0 = Q/ 
; hi i, - , h1 K1 h2 K2.
> h02 - ;
h = h02 - ;
h < h02 - .
. .
, . 2.8.
DZ, , :
d0 = s h - (h02 + DZ), (2.21)
s - , 1,05¸1,1; φ = 0,8¸0,95. DZ= 
= 
=
3,478 0,072 =3,406 (),
d0 = 1,05*7,3 (1,099 + 3,406) = 3,16 ().
l (0,8¸1,0)*l = 0,8*22,567 = 18,054 ().
(. . 2.9) , , .
, . , m = 0,42 j = 0,95.
:
(H0)1 = (
)2/3, (2.22)
s - , s = 1.
. (2.23)
(V0) 
/2g
(H)1 = (H0)1 - 
. (2.24)
C1 = s × h - (H)1. (2.25)
l1 l.
(h 
)1 , m = 0,42 j = 0,8¸0,95 , [2, 3, 4] . 2.
(h )1 > h02, , . , (H0)1, s < 1. s .. , . 2.10.
+ l, (2.26)
- ; l = 3¸4, .
s
(Zn)i = (h )i - (h )1+1 
.
(h)i = 
. (2.27)
s=1;
(H0)1 = (
)2/3= 1,540 ();
(V0)1 = 
= 0,464 (/);
(H)1 = 1,540 - 
= 1,529 ();
C1 = 1,05*7,3 - 1,529 = 6,136 ();
(h )1=2,855 ().
(h )1 > h02, . (H0)1.
(h)1 = 
= 1,106 ();
(Zn)1 = 7,3 2,855 = 4,445 ();
s=1;
(V0)1 = 
= 1,216 (/);
(l)1 = 1,33 
, (2.30)
)1. (2.31)
s = 1;
(l)1 = 1,33 
= 4,239 ();
(l)1 = 3*2,855 = 8,565 ();
l1-2 = 4,239 + 8,565 = 12,804 ();
l = 22,567 + 12,84 + 1,0 = 36,371 ();
b 
= 10+2*36,371*0,009 = 10,655 ();
(H0)2 = (
)2/3 = 1,516 ();
(V0)2 = 
, (2.29)
(V0)2 = 
= 1,216 (/);
2
C2 = s*(h )1 - (H)2, (2.28)
(H)2 = (H0)2 
, (H0)2 = (
)2/3.
b = b + 2 × l × tgq; l = lp + l1-2 + lcm; lcm = l,0 .
l1-2 ,
l1-2 = (l)1 + (l)1,
(l)1 - , ; (l)1 - , .
= 1,441 ();
2 = 1*2,855 1,441 = 1,414 ();
(h )2 = 1,915 (); (h)2 = 
= 1,089 ();
(Zn)2 = 7,3 1,915 = 5,385 ();
= 
= 3,494; s = 1.
(l)2 = 1,33 
= 1,33 
= 2,239 ();
(l)2 = 3*(h )2 =3*1,915 = 5,745 ();
l2-3 = 5,475 + 2,239 = 7,984 ();
l = 22,567 + 7,984 = 30,551 ();
b 
= b + 2 × l × tgq = 10+2*30,551*0,009 = 10,550 ();
(H0)3 = (
)2/3 = (
)2/3 = 1,526 ();
(V0)3 = 
= 
= 1,831 (/);
(H)3 = (H0)3 
= 1,526 
= 1,355 ();
2 = 1*1,915 1,355 = 0,56 (); (h )2 = 1,568 (). (h )2 > h02, .
(h)3 = 
= 1,096 ();
(Zn)2 = 7,3 1,568 = 5,732 ();
= 
= 3,695;
s = 1;
= 1,33 
= 1,657 ();
(l)2 = 3*(h )2 =3*1,509 = 4,527 ();
l2-3 = 1,657 + 4,527 = 6,184 ();
l = 22,567 + 6,184 = 29,751 ();
b = b + 2 × l × tgq = 10+2*29,751*0,009 = 10,535 ();
(H0)3 = ()2/3 = (
)2/3 = 1,527 ();
(V0)3 = = 
= 2,327 (/);
(H)3 = (H0)3 = 1,527 
= 1,251 ();
3 = 1*1,509 1,251 = 0,258 (); (h )3 = 1,336 ().
(h)4 = 
= 1,097 ();
(Zn)4 = 7,3 1,336 = 5,964 ();
= 
= 5,13; s = 1.
(H0)4 = (
)2/3 = 1,529 ();
(H)4 = 1,529 
= 1,176 ();
C4 = s × (h )2 - (H)4 = 1*1,336 1,176 = 0,16 (); (h )4 = 1,264 (). , 5 .
= 1100 0,8*210 = 932 (3/), (3.1)
Qmax - , 3/.
:
= Q/q = 
=18,64 (), (3.2)
q - , 50¸70 2/.
, [6], b nn , = bn × nn ³ . bn = 3 nn = 8, =21 .
, = 47,6 , 6 8 4 - 12 ( 6 14 ).
= 
= 7,478 (), (3.3)
m 
- , m = 0,49; e' - , e' = 1.
H 
, , , e"
e" = 1 0,1*n c*x* 
= 1 0,1*11,2* 
= 0,601, (3.4)
n = 2nn - ; x - , x = 0,7 [1].
= 10,45 (). (3.5)
= 10,45 
= 10,353 (), (3.6)
V0 - , /.
Ñ¢ = Ñ (H)1 =230 10,353 = 219,647 ( ), (3.7)
Ñ - , .
Ñ
(H)2 = Ñ - Ñ¢ = 229 219,647 = 9,353 (). (3.8)
()2 [6], () = 9,0 ().
- - , . 3. . H = 1, .
Ñ, :
Ñ" = Ñ = 229 9,0 = 220 ( ). (3.9)
Ñ
()3 = Ñ Ñ" = 230 220 = 10 (). (3.10)
..
m 
= s × s × m, (3.11)
s - ; s - ; m = 0,504.
s = 0,956 s = 1,006 , Ñ:
m = 0,956*1,006*0,504 = 0,485.
Q 
, (3.13)
e¢¢¢ - , H0 = H 
.
H = ()3 + 
= 10,0 + = 10,097 () - Ñ, V0.
e¢¢¢ = 1 0,1*16*0,7* 
= 0,462;
Q = 0,485*0,462*21 
(10,097)3/2 = 668,647 (3/).
Q 
c Q, : Q > Q, , .
, , .
, - , R (. 6).R = 14,4 (), = 17 ().
c .
Lc Vc , a (c. . 3.1),
, (.14)
Z - , ; Z1 - -, ; k - , ; j - , -; h - .
Vc hc
Vc = j 
= 0,958* 
= 21,177 (/), hc = q/ Vc = 31,840/21,177 = 1,503(), (3.15)
q = Q/B = 668,647/21 = 31,840 (2/) - , , .
j
=1 2*10-3(
)4/3 = 0,958, (3.16)
Z1 
- ( ) , ; 
= 
= 1,505 () - .
k 1 - Fr = 
< 30¸35; Fr k 0,8¸0,9.
Fr = 
, (3.17)
= 0,958* 
= 22,011 (/). (3.18)
-, , . max, a, n = Z1/Z = 24,907/26,907 = 0,926 ,
= 0,958* 
=0,959, (3.19)
a=30,0.
tgθ = 
,
, , , ..
= (3.20)
= (0,1+0,45 
)* 
* 
*1,503 = 13,561 (),
h 
= 8,0 - ; d - , , ; Fr = V 
/(g × hc) - , . d =(0,15¸2,5) .
Z2 + hp = 2 + 13,561 = 15,561 ();
L1=1* 
= 57,988 ().
