Правила чтения гласных диграфов и сочетаний

LESSON 2

Гласные и сочетания с ними в ударном слоге

Гласные буквы a, e, i, y, o, u под ударением могут иметь долгое (алфавитное) или краткое звучание. Это зависит от типа ударного слога:

I. открытый

II. закрытый

III. прикрытый буквой r

IV. слог, в котором за буквой r, прикрывающей ударную гласную, следует “немая” e или другая читаемая гласная.

 

 

a – [ei] name	a – [æ] man	ar – [a:] car	are – [εә] care, daring
e – [i: ] Pete	e – [e] pen	er – [ə:] perch	ere – [iә] here, hero
i – [ai] line	i – [i ] fit	ir – [ә:] fir	ire – [aiә] fire, firing
o – [ou] note	o – [o ] not	or – [o:] morning	ore – [o:] more, snoring
u – [ju:] use	u – [Λ] us	ur – [ə:] curve	ure – [juə:] cure, during
y – [ai ] kyte	y – [ i ] myth	yr – [ə:] Byrd	yre – [aiə ] tyre, tyrant

Чтение гласной Aa

 

	I [ei] [æ] II   State fact Plate act     III [a:] [εə] IV dark care park share

 

II

 

 

Руководствуясь правилами чтения, прочтите следующие слова.

A – I age, stage, date, face, trace, table, navy, gate, change, same

A – II bag, bad, man, back, black, act, action, latter, capital, match

A – III arch, march, sharp, army, part, car, charge, yard, large, art

A – IV square, spare, fare, com΄pare, pre΄pare, care, Mary.

 

Чтение гласной Ee

 

 

E – I we, he, she, eve, scene, ‘secret, com’plete, these, ’legal, mete

E – II men, ten, set, rent, enter, well, bed, petty, met, Ted, Ben

E – III her,`person, pre`fer, term, serve, herd, `mercy, con`fer

E – IV here, era, `period, `series, mere, sphere [f], inter`fere.

 

Чтение гласных Ii, Yy

 

I – Y I my, bike, try, fine, nice, `size,, type, life, Nike, site

I – Y II fit, city, `finish, `symbol, thick, thin, dig, bill, myth, `middle

I – Y III first, sir, third, `thirty, girl, `circle, `dirty, `firmly, `birthday

I – Y IV fire, wire, en΄tire, de`sire, `tired, hire, dire, shire, tyre.

 

Чтение гласной Оо

 

O – I so, no, note, open, stone, vote, bone, home, those, hope

O – II stop, shot, lot, drop, job, cross, long, strong, box, dog, fog

O – III north, former, sport, order, short, horse, `fortress, ac`cording

O – IV more, shore, story, be`fore, glory, store, fore, tore, ore.

Чтение гласной Uu

 

 

 

U – I use, student, duke, unit, duty, music, tune, super, tube, mute

U – II uncle, just, judge, public, upper, struggle, gun, cut, Dutch

U – III oc`cur, hurt, `urgent, `purpose, turn, church, burn, `further, burst

U – IV cure, `curing, pure, `during, dure, plural, jury, en`dure.

 

Дайте транскрипцию и объясните правила чтения следующих слов.

Sit, lame, back, miss, sack, gave, tip, tide, tap, late, mad, made, nine, fill, cake, thick, bat, pin, pine, hate, act, ice, plot, face, hid, fate, stamp, spot, pile, land, mist, mole, mark, gold, cap, nose, fix, harm, merry, horn, start, form, home, park.

Правила чтения гласных диграфов и сочетаний

ai, ay	=	[ei]	wait, rain, mail, bail, main, tray, pay, bay, play, day
air	=	[εә]	hair, air, airplane, chair, pair, fair, lair
al+l(k)	=	[o:]	fall, call, wall, small, ball, tall, talk, chalk, walk, balk
au,aw	=	[o:]	autumn, pause, ΄auto, law, saw, pawn, auk, Paul
a+ss	=	[a:]	class, glass, brass, pass, grass
a+st	=	[a:]	cast, fast, master, vast, past, last
a+sk	=	[a:]	cask, ask, mask, task, bask, basket-ball
a+sp, a+ft	=	[a:]	after, craft, grasp, draft
a+th	=	[a:]	father, rather, lather, path, bath.
w(h)+a	=	[o]	watch, wash, was, what, want.
ea	=	[i:]	cheap, peak, sea, leaf, dean, mean, meat, team, bean
ee	=	[i:]	feed, fee, speech, seek, need, feel, deep, meet, bee, keen
ea+d	=	[e]	ready, bread, head, dead, meadow, dreadful
ei+gh	=	[ei]	eight, weight, freight, weigh, ΄eigh΄teen, eighty
ew	=	[ju:]	few, pew, dew, mew,
l, r, j+ew	=	[u:]	flew, blew, grew
ey	=	[ei]	they, grey, obey, ΄diso΄bey, con΄vey
eer	=	[iə]	pio΄neer, ֽengi΄neer, veer, leer, deer, peer, beer.
ear	=	[iə]	dear, hear, appear.
ear+согл.	=	[ə:]	learn, earth, early.
ia, io	=	[aiə]	via, trial, dial, lion, liar, diary
i+ld, nd	=	[ai]	child, wild, mild, find, mind, bind, kind
i+gh	=	[ai]	high, sight, sigh, right, might, light, night
oa	=	[ou]	boat, coat, soap, load, toast, coal
oi,oy	=	[oi]	appoint, coy, annoy, boy, toy, oil, boil, spoil
oo+k	=	[u]	took, look, book, shook, looking-glass
oo+l, m, n, d, th	=	[u:]	spoon, soon, moon, fool, pool, tooth, cool, root
o +ld	=	[ou]	hold, sold, told, bold, fold
ou	=	[au]	loud, found, sound, round, pound, out
ou+gh	=	[o:]	bought, thought, brought
ow+n	=	[au]	town, down, brown, cow, now, allow.
ow в конце слова)	=	[ou]	know, grow, low, slow, show
m	=	[Λ ]	come, son, some, front, month, brother, love
o + n	=
th	=	done, ΄company, other, above, a΄mong, above
v	=	mother, an΄other, done, govern
our, ower	=	[auə]	sour, our, hour, tower, shower, power, flowers
or после w	=	[ə:]	work, word, world, worse
u+ll,sh	=	[u]	pull, bull, full, push, bush, bullet
y+гласн.	=	[j]	yes, yet, yard, yoke, yell, year, be΄yond.

Прочитайте слова и напишите их транскрипцию.

Speed, loaf, loom, reach, rose, plaster, fill, coal, steam, aim, cube, weave, faint, fee, tool, freeze, sail, fight, mutton, deaf, crystal, tence, shoot, trainer, heavy, coast, raze, float, least, song, waiter, ready, boat, star, black, bag, old,painter, goat, cook, fat, oak, tool, lead, see, heat, seed, reach, deed, speak, knight, laid, grasp, throat.