.
- , , , - . , .
(2S4) (N) . , . , .
. , , (.1). (SO2) . . SO2 . - , . SO2. , - , . , , (SO2), (S04), (CS2) (2S).
1
. | % | |
30-40 30 - 200 60-70 | 29-39 59-69 | |
6070 | 5969 |
, . , , 70% .
. , .
.2.
2.
,% | |
1,1-1,6 | |
2,8 -3,3 | |
1,4 | |
0.1 -3.7 |
SO2 ( , ), .
, - S03. , .
|
|
S :
S() +20() = 2S04()
. , . . N0, N02 (.3)
3.
, /3 | |||
NO | 5 - 50 | 0.05 - 0.5 | 0.05 |
NO2 | 5-50 | 0,2 - 2,0 | 0,2 |
HNO3 | 0.2- 2 | 0.2 | |
NH3 | - | 0.1 - 10 | 0.3 |
NO3 | 0.1 - 0.4 | 0.02 | |
NH4 | - | 1,0 - 2,0 | 0.4 |
(12 ../), (8 ../) (1 ../).
N0 . N0 1-2 1 .
N0 N02:
2N () + 2 = 2 N02
.
:
N02 + 20 = 2N03 + N0
2S04 N3, . , , . . , .
, , . , , , . , .
[+], /. + - -
2 + + -.
[+ ] [-] 25 0 10-7 /. - :
[+] = [-] = 10-7 /.
. , .
=-lg[+].
-lg 10-7 = 7, , =7 .
[+] [-], , , - , :
[H+] > [OH-], [H+] > 10-7, pH< 7 -
[H+] < [OH-], [H+] < 10-7, pH > 7 - .
|
|
. (=5,6), ( 0,032% 0,046% ). :
2 + 2 = 23.
, 5,5 . . , , 4.5. 4.0. , , .