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Unit 1
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THE SPORTS RANKING SYSTEM AND SPORTS TITLES
Athletes are ranked as third, second or first class, or awarded the titles of Candidate Master of Sports, Master of Sports, International Class and Merited Master of Sports. The qualifying standards for each category are rather high and are revised regularly to keep pace with changing world standards.
The Sports Committee awards the rankings and titles in 56 sports. The highest title is Merited Master of Sports. It is given to athletes who win in major international competitions, usually in world championships and at the Olympics. This title was introduced in 1934.
The third, the second and the first sports rankings are awarded for results achieved in official competitions (championships, spartakiads, cups and so on) and are valid for one or two years only, after which they are renewed or an athlete may try for a higher ranking.
Junior rankings are awarded to athletes under 18 years of age who also meet the qualifying standards of GTO programme for their age.
Ranked athletes receive a badge and a certificate from the Sports Committee.
II. :
1. How are athletes ranked? 2. What titles "are they awarded? 3. Are qualifying standards for each category different? 4. What is the highest sports title in the country? 5. When was this title introduced? 6. For how long are sports rankings valid? 7. May an athlete try for a higher ranking? 8. What is the age for junior rankings? 9. What do ranked athletes receive?
III. c:
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The Sports Committee (wins, awards, includes) the titles | and rankings in more than 56 sports. 2. Republic Sports Committees award (titles, standards, classification) in national sports. 3. The standard for each ranking is (awarded, revised, reached) every four years. 4. Those who (award, introduce, win) in major international competitions are given the high title "Master of Sports International Class". 5. The title Merited Master of Sports, Candidate Master of Sports is the highest in the sports ranking system. 6. Ranked athletes receive (an emblem, certificate, standard) from the Sports Committee. 7. Any athlete may (try for, introduce, valid for) a higher ranking.
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V. :
1. My friend... (to study) at the Physical Culture Institute. 2. Nick... (to specialize) in boxing. 3. A lot of judges... (to complete) special courses to have the right to referee at various competitions. 4. This referee... (to be) a former Olympic champion. 5. Coaches... (to play) a major part in bringing up the youngsters.
VI. :
1. Boris trains, three times a week. 2. This leading athlete wants to become a referee. 3. A friend of mine often judges the final matches in the world football championships. 4. Ann specializes in tennis. 5. One of our students is awarded the title of Merited Master of Sports.
VII. , :
1.... do you like to go to the country on Sunday? (why, when, where) 2.... does she come from the Institute? (when, why, where) 3.... is this man? (who, what, whose) He is a referee. 4.... do you train much? (why, when, where) I want to perfect my sporting skill.
VIII. :
) 1. Nick studies at the coaching department. 2. Captain of the hockey team Boris Mikhailov is a coach now. 3. Speed-skater Yakov Melnikov is the first Merited Master of Sports.
) 1. He is a diligent student. 2. My friend belongs to the Burevestnik sports society. 3. Ann goes in for figure-skating. 4. The students of our institute often win gold, silver and bronze medals.
IX. . , c :
: his friend's coach - .
my brother's name; this athlete's record; this swimmer's result; this referee's title; these students' names; his friends' coaches; these athletes' records; my roommates books.
X. no -s (. ., c ) 3- ; ) , ; ) ):
I. The course of study at the Institute of Physical Culture lasts four years. 2. During this period the students study practical and theoretical subjects. 3. Teachers test these students' knowledge of English by writing dictations.
XI. , - :
1. Physical education specialists are... (studied, trained, completed) to higher and specialized secondary physical culture schools. 2. 90,000 students... (bring up, study? referee) at physical culture colleges. 3. There are over 338,000 people on the sports... (departments, staffs ranking) in this country. 4. Special seminars and courses are... (awarded recommended, held) for amateur coaches. 5. Amateur sports judges referee in their...(respected, spare, leading) time.
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