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1.3 .
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, - .
, , :
mn2 = m2 + m2 + m2,
m (, ,
);
m - ;
m - .
,
m = m = m = m,
m = mn /√3.
m, , , .
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1.5 .
. , , .
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m2 = m2 + m2 + m2,
m ;
m ;
m .
, .
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) - 1;
) - 2-3 3-5 .
, , , 1,5 -2 .
.
, . . β ( ).
β d .
tg α1A = (yA-y1)/(xA-x1),
d = (yA-y1)/sin α1A = (xA-x1)/cos α1A,
β = α12 - α1A.
1 2 α12 . .
2 β' . X=X1+ΔX; Y=Y1+ΔY.
ΔX=d cos (α12 β)
ΔY=d sin (α12 β)
mΔX2 = cos2 (α β) mα2 +d2 sin2 (α β) mβ2/ρ2,
mΔY2 = sin2 (α β) mα2 +d2 cos2 (α β) mβ2/ρ2.
m2 = mΔX2 + mΔY2
m2 = mα2 + d2 mβ2/ ρ2
, , mβ β mα d. ( ), , ( ). , . , , , .
|
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m2 = mα2 + d2 mβ2/ ρ2 + m2 + m2 + m2.
, .
ΔX ΔY, . 0 . .
, 0 0' '.
(mΔX mΔ) .
m2 = mΔ2 + mΔX2 + ΔX2 mβ2/ ρ2,
m2 = mΔX2 + mΔY2 + ΔY2 mβ2/ ρ2.
, . . , , .
. , , , 1 . . 1 2 β1 β2. . 1-2
. β1 β2 . 1 2 .
m = mβ√(d12 + d22)/(ρ sinγ).
γ, d . 10928'. - , .
. , , .
d1 1 2 d2. d1 d2 .
, , .
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m2 = (md12 + md22)/ sin2 γ; md1 = md2; m = md√2/ sinγ.
. , . , , . , . . , , .
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m2 = m2 + m2 + m2,
m -';
m -';
m .
1.6 .
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2.1 .
1. 1:1000.
2. .
3. .
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2.2 .
1. ABCD 1:500. (. VI VII), . (, ) . d1 d2 β1, β2, β3, β4 ( 5).
tg α = ΔY/ΔX = (Y Y)/ (X X);
d1 = ΔX/cos α, d2 = ΔY/sin α.
1', - 0,01 .
VII-. VII-
tg αVII-A = (YA YVII)/ (XA XVII) = (478.5-504.4)/(707.5-753.9) =
= (-25.9)/(-46.4) = 0.5582
tg α = 0,5582 VII-A. VII- - 2910'
, VII-A .
αVII-A = 20910'. sin αVII-A = -0.4874,
cos αVII-A = -0.8732,
d1 = ΔXVII-A/cos αVII-A = (-46.4)/(-0.8732) = 53.14 ,
d2 = ΔYVII-A/sin αVII-A = (-25.9)/(-0.4874) = 53.14 .
d1 d2, , . ( 5). β1, β2, β3, β4 , .
, β1 = αVII-A - αVII-VI = 20910' - 19337' = 1533'.
, β1 . β2, β3, β4
β2 = αVI-VII - αVI-B = 1327' +360 - 30613' = 6724',
β3 = αB-VI αB-A = 12613' - 2047' = 10526',
β4 = αA-B αA-VII = 20047' - 2910' = 17137'.
β1 + β2 + β3 + β4 = 360.
6.
2. , . , . . 1-2 %. , 1:3.
.
, B, C, D . , H1 H2
H =a1(H2 H1)/a.
, , B, C, D:
H =117,26 HB =117,29 HC =115,58 HD =115,39
H = (H + HB + HC + HD)/4 = (117.26 + 117.29 + 115.58 + 115.39)/4 =116.36 .
H = H + Δh =116,36 + 1,00 = 117,36 .
3. , (. 8). - . "" , "b" .
H = 119,95 . "" 0280 ,
= H + a = 119,95 + 0,280 = 120,280 .
, ,
b = H.
b = 120,280 -117,360 =2,920 .
2.3 .
:
- ( 4);
- ( 5);
- ( 5);
- ( 7);
- ( 8).
, , . , . . .
1.
, | , | |||
1-0 | 100 . 100 . 2 | 1/50000 | ||
2-0 | 100 . 10 100 .2 | 1/15000 | ||
3-0 | 10 . 2. , . | 1/5000 | ||
4-0 | , | 1/2000 |
2.
, | ||||
1- | . , | 1/15000 | ||
2- | 16 36 60 . | 1/10000 |
2 ().
3- | 5 16 6 36 15 60. / . / | 1/5000 | ||
4- | 5 6 15 . . . . | 1/2000 | ||
5- | 1/1000 | |||
6- | 1/500 |
5.
.
/ | ||||
VII-A | VI-B | A-B | ||
X | 707,5 | 670,1 | 670,1 | |
X | 753,9 | 657,5 | 707,5 | |
Y | 478,5 | 464,3 | 464,3 | |
Y | 504,4 | 481,1 | 478,5 | |
X X | -46,40 | 12,3 | -37,4 | |
Y - Y | -25,90 | -16,8 | -14,2 | |
tg α | 0,5582 | 1,36585 | 0,37968 | |
r | 2910' | 5347' | 2047' | |
α | 20910' | 30613' | 20047' | |
sin α | 0,4874 | 0,8069 | 0,3550 | |
cos α | 0,8732 | 0,5907 | 0,9349 | |
d1 | 53,14 | 20,82 | 40,00 | |
d2 | 53,14 | 20,82 | 40,00 | |
d | 53,14 | 20,82 | 40,00 |
.
- .., .. . .: , 1973.
- .. . .: , 1976.
- .., .., .. : - . .: , 1981.
- - . .. .. .: , 1980.
- III2-75. . : , 1976.
- .., .. . .: , 1973.
.
- .
1.1. .
1.2. .
1.3.
1.4.
1.5. 酅..
1.6. ..
2.
2.1. 充...
2.2.
2.3. ..
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_____________
24.10.84. 60×84/16.
. . . . 1.86 .-.. 1.6 500 .
942
_____________
-
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