.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


3 ó .




.

1. s-, p-,d- .

2. (, N, , g, , S,N, F, Cu, Zn, Mn)

( , , )

3. ' s-, p-,d- .

4. - .

.

1. . . 뺺 s- II . , .

s- . s - , , ', s - II . . , , , N, , g, .

s - . ' , (s - ), , (s - II ). . , , .

s 1, , ' . , . , '. ' , , . 3+, - . : , , .

˳ : , . '. . . ˳ , . (. . ). . ˳ , , . ˳ 䳺, 䳿 . ﳿ .

г + 1-, N+, , 60-90 , . N+ +-. ϳ , . , . 䳿. ³ , . 䳺 ', .

II , , . . , , , - , ; - II ' .

. ; . , ' . , , , . , .

V -: , , , .

4 , s22.

, 4 - .

- , 2. s- - .

 

S S

12 1s22s222 12* 1s22s123

, , ', -(+4; -4, +4, +2. .

, , 㳺, '.

- , - . - , -, 䳿 . , :

N3 - +2 + + 2 = N2- + 2

 

- , , , , .

- ; , , ; .

- : 2-, 3 -, 242-, 3-, 43-, 42-, 24-,

:

- ᳭ , :

S42- + 2+ →S4 ↓;

- ᳭ , . S32-, :

S32- + 2+ →S3 ↓;

 

S3 + 2Ѳ → S2 ↑+ 12 + 2;

- , . 2 :

2- + +23↓,

3 + 2Ѳ → 2↑ + 12 + 2

2 + ()23↓ + 2;

- - , . :

2- + N2- + 4+ 2 + 22 + 2 N2

3. d- . ; , -V , . , d - .

d - d - . d - .

³ d -, (S Zn, Y d, L g), . d - , .

d s- ( , s- ).

s- ( ) s- d -, 㳿. , , , , , .

s- .

: d - 50 %, d - .

, ' d - ( d- ), , . ' ( ' d - ) , d - , '.

d -, , . 27, , , . (VII) 0 .

ճ

1. : ,S, N, Cu, F.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1 , , .

N2S4, 2S4, S4, .

1. +, N+, 2+ ?______________________________________

____________________

2 .

.

1. ? ? ? ____________________________________________________

__________________________________________

2. 䳿 .

_______________________________________

3 .

5-6 5-6 ,

. , .

1. 䳿 . ____________

2. ?_______________________________________________________

4 .

, 1 .

1. ? ?____________________________________ ____________

2. . .

_________________________________________

5. .

. . . 1. ? ? . _________________________________________

2. ? ________________________________________________

6. d- (F2+, F3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+).

F2+ F3+ Cu2+ Zn2+ Mn2+
N F()2 F()3 Cu()2 Zn()2 Mn()2
           

1. (F2+, F3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+).

 

:

1.___________

2.___________

3.___________

4.___________

5.___________

:_________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

:

1. ._______________

____________________

2. .___________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ' s-, p-,d- . _________________________________________

4. :

Cu + HNO3(p) → Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O

___________________________________________________________________________________

Pb(NO3)2 → PbO + NO2 + O2 _______________________________________________________________________________

Cl2 + NaOH → NaClO + NaCl + H2O _______________________________________________________________

 

1. : N, 1, C, Br.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. :

SO2 + NaIO3 + H2O → NaI + H2SO4 ___________________________________________________________________________________

3. ? ? , N2S3 ? . . __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 


2 ______________

: , .

: : , , , , , : , , , . . . .

: : , , , ; , ; .

: : , , , ; ; ; .

: , : , , , , . , , , , , , , , , .

.

1. ?

2. ?

3. , ?

4. ? .

5. ? ?

6. , , ?

7. , ?

8. ?

9. ?

 

.

10. : , , , , .

11. .

12. .

13. . 14. . .

ճ

1. , ._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. , +3

[Cr(2)51], [Cr(2)412], [Cr(2)2 (24)2].

2. , , :

4[t16] ____
N3[1()6]_________________________________________________________________

N2[Sn()4]_________________________________________________________________
[(2)6]3 ________________________________________________________________ [t(NH3)31]1_______________________________________________________________
[u(N3)4] SO4_______________________________________________________________

3. :

[(2)6]12 _______________________________________________________________ 3[(NO2)6]; ________________________________________________________________

3[1()6];_________________________________________________________________

Na3[Cr(CN)6]_________________________________________________________________

4. , :

) ()_______________________________________________

) ()_____________________________________________

) () ____________________________________________

) (V) ________________________________________

5. - :

) 4[F(N)6] uSO4; ) Na3[Co(CN)6] FeSO4; ) 3 [F(N)6] AgNO3, , .

)___________________________________

)___________________________________

)___________________________________

 

1 Fe3+ Fe2+.

) () 3[F(N)6] ( ).

2-3 () 1-2 .

1. ? ? _______________________________________

__________________________________________

2. .

____________________

3. () () ? ___________________________________________________________________________________

) () 4 [F(N)6] ( ).

2-3 () 1-2 .

1. ? ?_________________________________________ __________________________________________

2. .

___________________________________________________________________________________

3. () () ? ____________________

:__________________________________________________________________________

1. , , :

[Pt(NH3)Cl5]_________________________________________________________________

Li[Co(CN)4H2O]_______________________________________________________________

Cu2[Fe(CN)6]_________________________________________________________________

3[Co(NO2)6]_________________________________________________________________

2. ?

Na3[Co(NO2)6] ↔ ___________________________________________________________

K[AuCl4] ↔________________________________________________________________ [Cr(H2O)6]Cl2 ↔____________________________________________________________

KCr(SO4)2 ↔______________________________________________________________

CuCl2 2KCl ↔_____________________________________________________________

3. - : [Ag(NH3)2]Cl N3.

____________________

4. , :

1. () _______________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. (V) _____________________________________

4. () _____________________________________________________

 

1. 㳿 г , : 100 3 (N3) 0,012 . (%) N3 ? ________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________ _____________________________________________________________________

2. 300 N4N3 20% 500 N4N3 40%. N4N3 ._______________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 


3 __________

: . ó . : : 䳿. . () . . , , . . . .

: , 䳿; , , ; ; , ; ; , .

: ; , , ; , ; , .

: , , , , , , , , , .

.

1. ? 2. .

3. , , ?

4. , , ? 5. ? 6. . 7. 䳿 . , . ?

8. ? . 9. ? 10. . 11. ? . 12. ? 13. . 14. . 15. , : 34, ()2, 12(S4)3, u(NO3)2, N3, N1, F()3, 427.

16.. .

17. ? , ?

18. , : KNO3, Cr2(SO4)3, AlI3, CaCl2, K2SiO3.

19.³ ?

20. ? 21. ?

ճ

1 . - , - - . (, , ) : - , - - . . , , :

 

. < 7 . = 7 > 7
       

 

2. . .

2-3 0,1 . : - , - , - , - . 1-3 . . , . . :

1. 2. 3. 4.    

 

3 ó .

4 5 . 1- 5 , 2- , 3- , 4- .

1. 4. ________________________________________

2. 䳿. , . ________________________________________________________________________________

3. , . ____________________





:


: 2016-12-03; !; : 1005 |


:

:

: , , , , .
==> ...

1642 - | 1485 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.113 .