URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) () . URI , - : , , , , . . , , , . URI . URI , URI, .
URI, URL URN
, URI: URL URN.
URI URL, URN, .
- URL URI, , , .
- URN URI, (, ), . , URN urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-1 URI, () 0-395-36341-1 ISBN, , URL, URN : , .
URI , , URL, , RDF (Resource Description Framework) , (, , , .).
1990 , , - URL. URL URI, 1990 URI. , , URI 1994 RFC 1630.
URI 1998 RFC 2396, Universal Uniform.
URL , URI , URL. URI, URL. URI, URL, ( , ASCII). , URI , , , , , URI , URL . , :
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/
URL :
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0
, , URI ( ) . , , W3C ISOC. IRI (. Internationalized Resource Identifier) , , . URI, -, , , URL, , , .
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URI
URI = [ ":"] - [ "?" ] [ "#" ]
:
( ), , http, ftp, file, ldap, mailto, urn
-
, , , , URI-. - (, , , , ) ( URN).
URI .
( )
[RFC 3986] - . , , .
URI. URI (. parsing), URI , , . URI RFC 3986 :
9 ( . ), URI, :
- 2 ,
- 4 ,
- 5 ,
- 7 ,
- 9 .
, , , URI:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/uri/#Related
9 :
- http:
- http
- //www.ics.uci.edu
- www.ics.uci.edu
- /pub/ietf/uri/
- #Related
- Related
URI:
URI
- https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI
- ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt
- file://C:\UserName.HostName\Projects\Wikipedia_Articles\URI.xml
- file:///C:/file.wsdl
- file:///Users/John/Documents/Projects/Web/MyWebsite/about.html
- ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass?one
- mailto:[email protected]
- sip:[email protected]
- news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix
- data:text/plain;charset=iso-8859-7,%be%be%be
- tel:+1-816-555-1212
- telnet://192.0.2.16:80/
- urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2
2) URI
- /relative/URI/with/absolute/path/to/resource.txt
- //example.org/scheme-relative/URI/with/absolute/path/to/resource.txt
- relative/path/to/resource.txt
- ../../../resource.txt
- resource.txt
- /resource.txt#frag01
- #frag01
[ ] [ ],
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DNS
DNS - . DNS IP-, , . , ; ; . www.irnet.ru → DNS →193.232.70.36 , .. . , IP- , .
. 2. DNS.
, . . , . . , . . : lingvo.yandex.ru, krkime.com.
DNS :
- . .
- . , , () DNS-.
- . .
- , , , () .
- . () () , , , .
. .
:
1) , :.ru.by.ua.de.us . . . . - . , , .
2) , - . :.com ,.info ,.tv . . . , , .
. , . : www._. . : www.webmastermix.ru. . , . .
. . : www.forum.webmastermix.ru. . .
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-: HTML, JAVASCRIPT
-. , , e-.
-: - -. - , , URL. - -, . - -. -.
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language (. 3). () (-). - , , .
. 3. -
- (CSS). CSS , Word.
- ( , ) . JavaScript. JavaScript ECMAScript.
HTML, CSS, JavaScript , -. , , (BOM). . - (DOM), - .
HTML XML Extensible Markup Language. XML , HTML DTD. : , . .
, - . , -.
(email, e-mail, . electronic mail) - ( ) . .
, , , , , ( ) , , , " " .. . , .
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Internet , , . , , SMTP, -, . SMTP , . , . , . POP IMAP, .
POP3 , . , . , POP3 .
IMAP , . , , , , POP3, . ( ). , .
.
:
1) SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - , TCP/IP, .
MTA (Mail Transfer Agent) - - Internet, . MTA, MUA (Mail User Agent) - . .
2) POP, POP2, POP3 (Post Office Protocol) - , pp mail-pp, /. POP SMTP, , . , .
3
- , .
- .
3) IMAP2, IMAP2bis, IMAP3, IMAP4, IMAP4rev1 (Internet Message Access Protocol) - ,
o IMAP pp pp, pp.
o IMAP2 - .
o IMAP3 - p, .
o IMAP2bis - pp IMAP2, pp pp MIME-pp (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) , .
o IMAP4 - pp pp IMAP2bis, .
o IMAP4rev1 - pp IMAP , , p DMSP (Distributed Mail System for Personal Computers).
4) ACAP (Application Configuration Access Protocol) - , pp IMAP4; , .
5) DMSP ( PCMAIL) - / , , . , pp, , mail-pp.
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6) MIME - , , , , , ASCII, 8- , , , .
.
.
( ) .
9.2. :
.
.
9.3. :
.