.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


(URI),




URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) () . URI , - : , , , , . . , , , . URI . URI , URI, .

URI, URL URN

, URI: URL URN.

URI URL, URN, .

  • URL URI, , , .
  • URN URI, (, ), . , URN urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-1 URI, () 0-395-36341-1 ISBN, , URL, URN : , .

URI , , URL, , RDF (Resource Description Framework) , (, , , .).

1990 , , - URL. URL URI, 1990 URI. , , URI 1994 RFC 1630.

URI 1998 RFC 2396, Universal Uniform.

 

URL , URI , URL. URI, URL. URI, URL, ( , ASCII). , URI , , , , , URI , URL . , :

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

URL :

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0

, , URI ( ) . , , W3C ISOC. IRI (. Internationalized Resource Identifier) , , . URI, -, , , URL, , , .

URI

URI = [ ":"] - [ "?" ] [ "#" ]

:

( ), , http, ftp, file, ldap, mailto, urn

-

, , , , URI-. - (, , , , ) ( URN).

URI .

( )

[RFC 3986] - . , , .

URI. URI (. parsing), URI , , . URI RFC 3986 :

9 ( . ), URI, :

  • 2 ,
  • 4 ,
  • 5 ,
  • 7 ,
  • 9 .

, , , URI:

http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/uri/#Related

9 :

  1. http:
  2. http
  3. //www.ics.uci.edu
  4. www.ics.uci.edu
  5. /pub/ietf/uri/
  6. #Related
  7. Related

URI:

URI

  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI
  • ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt
  • file://C:\UserName.HostName\Projects\Wikipedia_Articles\URI.xml
  • file:///C:/file.wsdl
  • file:///Users/John/Documents/Projects/Web/MyWebsite/about.html
  • ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass?one
  • mailto:[email protected]
  • sip:[email protected]
  • news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix
  • data:text/plain;charset=iso-8859-7,%be%be%be
  • tel:+1-816-555-1212
  • telnet://192.0.2.16:80/
  • urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2

2) URI

  • /relative/URI/with/absolute/path/to/resource.txt
  • //example.org/scheme-relative/URI/with/absolute/path/to/resource.txt
  • relative/path/to/resource.txt
  • ../../../resource.txt
  • resource.txt
  • /resource.txt#frag01
  • #frag01

[ ] [ ],

 

DNS

DNS - . DNS IP-, , . , ; ; . www.irnet.ru → DNS →193.232.70.36 , .. . , IP- , .

. 2. DNS.

, . . , . . , . . : lingvo.yandex.ru, krkime.com.

DNS :

  • . .
  • . , , () DNS-.
  • . .
  • , , , () .
  • . () () , , , .

 

. .

:

1) , :.ru.by.ua.de.us . . . . - . , , .

2) , - . :.com ,.info ,.tv . . . , , .

. , . : www._. . : www.webmastermix.ru. . , . .

. . : www.forum.webmastermix.ru. . .

 

-: HTML, JAVASCRIPT

-. , , e-.

-: - -. - , , URL. - -, . - -. -.

HTML Hyper Text Markup Language (. 3). () (-). - , , .

. 3. -

- (CSS). CSS , Word.

- ( , ) . JavaScript. JavaScript ECMAScript.

HTML, CSS, JavaScript , -. , , (BOM). . - (DOM), - .

HTML XML Extensible Markup Language. XML , HTML DTD. : , . .

, - . , -.

 

(email, e-mail, . electronic mail) - ( ) . .

, , , , , ( ) , , , " " .. . , .

Internet , , . , , SMTP, -, . SMTP , . , . , . POP IMAP, .

POP3 , . , . , POP3 .

IMAP , . , , , , POP3, . ( ). , .

.

:

1) SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - , TCP/IP, .

MTA (Mail Transfer Agent) - - Internet, . MTA, MUA (Mail User Agent) - . .

 

2) POP, POP2, POP3 (Post Office Protocol) - , pp mail-pp, /. POP SMTP, , . , .

3

      1. , .
      2. .

 

3) IMAP2, IMAP2bis, IMAP3, IMAP4, IMAP4rev1 (Internet Message Access Protocol) - ,

o IMAP pp pp, pp.

o IMAP2 - .

o IMAP3 - p, .

o IMAP2bis - pp IMAP2, pp pp MIME-pp (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) , .

o IMAP4 - pp pp IMAP2bis, .

o IMAP4rev1 - pp IMAP , , p DMSP (Distributed Mail System for Personal Computers).

4) ACAP (Application Configuration Access Protocol) - , pp IMAP4; , .

5) DMSP ( PCMAIL) - / , , . , pp, , mail-pp.

6) MIME - , , , , , ASCII, 8- , , , .

.

.

( ) .

9.2. :

.

.

9.3. :

.





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