2.
2.1.
,
, , , .
.
(273.16 , .. 0.16˚) 1.0913/. : = 2.060 /∙ ≈ 0.505 /∙.
4˚: v = 1 3/, ρ = 1 /3. . 100˚ v =1.043 3/.
= 4.1868 /∙ = 4.1868 ∙107 /∙ =1 /∙.
.
18.02∙10-3 /, Rn = 461.5 /(∙),
e= R n ρn T, (2.1)
ρn T.
:
v = 1385 2/2∙ = 0.331 /∙;
cp = 1846 2/2∙ = 0.441 /∙. (2.2)
, , . , : . : < E. , ( ), > E. .
(I) ( II):
↔ , ↔ , ↔ .
, . , . , 5 4.21 4.03 . 10 2.86 2.62 . , , . , , , . , , .. , . 0 , , . , 12 .
|
|
,
. , . , , , . 10-4 , , . , , , , (.2.1). .. .
. 2.1. ,
, abca.
abca, m2 .
abca , , , m1 , , . abca , . , m3 . , , , , . , , , , . , , , , ∆ : R = 0 + ∆ (2.2)
ER ; 0 , + , . ER/E0
, (2.3)
M , (M = 0.52∙ 10-7 t = 0 , M = 0.47∙ 10 -7 t = 20 ); r .
Er /E0 ( 0 0) r :
|
|
r ............................ 10-7 10-6 10 -5 10 -4
Er / E0......................... 3.320 1.128 1.012 1.0012.
. , . , . , 10 -7 332 % 0, 10 -4 100.1 %.
. , , . - ( ), ( ). , () . , .
, , :
(2.4)
N ; .
. (2.5)
E . , 1.95 % , . , . , .