1. . 2. . 3. , . 4. ? 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. , , , . 9. , , . 10. . 11. , . 12. , , . 13. . 14. ? 15. . 16. . 17. ? 18. , . 19. - . 20. .
Exercise 9. Translate the sentences into Russian. Mind the meaning of the predicate.
1. As the number of radio transmitters grew, there developed an annoying number of instances where two stations were operating near enough to each other so that the program of one would be imposed upon the sound of the other. 2. While Europe in the 9th century was still a disorder of war and pillage, there flourished a great Arab Empire in Egypt and Mesopotamia. 3. It always seemed to them that there hung about the house faintly the acrid () smell of opium. 4. There entered John and Lucy holding each others hands.
Exercise 10. Translate the sentences into English using the construction there is/are. Use either the verb to be or any other suitable verb.
1. . 2. . 3. XVIII XIX . 4. . 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. XIV . 9. 2003 . 10. .
Exercise 11. Translate the sentences into Russian. Mind their modal meaning.
1. When David saw that there was no persuading Daniel to stay, he ceased to urge it. 2. After all, there was no harm in trying. 3. Theres no need to speak about it any further. 4. There is no knowing what he is going to do. 5. Once the conflict spins out of control, there is no stopping it. 6. There is no point in talking about this again. 7. Although there was a lot of competition between the radio and the newspapers in the 1920s, there was no stopping radios ability to cover major events.
IMPERSONAL SENTENCES
Impersonal sentences begin with the pronoun it. They are used to talk about time, day (months, season), distance, weather, states: (nice, easy, hard, good, necessary, difficult, interesting, cool, exciting, wonderful, thrilling, awful, terrible, important).
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Its half past ten.
Its Monday. Its the 16th of December.
Its three miles from our house to the centre of the city.
Its a long way from here to the station.
Its raining.
Does it snow very often?
Its warm / cold / windy / sunny.
It is There is
We use it as a meaningless subject with expressions referring to time, weather, temperature or distance.
It is + adjective - It is foggy today. It will be hot in Rome tomorrow.
We use there as a kind of preparatory subject in sentences which say that something exists.
There is + noun There is fog today. There will be heavy rain in Madrid today.
Note! Dont confuse its and its.
Its = it is ( a personal pronoun and the verb to be):
Its (it is) very nice here.
Its is a possessive pronoun followed by a noun:
I bought a new skirt. Its colour is blue.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Use it or there.
A. 1.... is winter.... is a lot of snow. 2.... was Christmas.... were a lot of presents for the children under the Christmas tree. 3....were a lot of clouds in the morning. Now... is clear again. 4. I think... is time to begin. 5. What is...? 6.... is wonderful music in this film. 7. Our class went to a concert.... was a success. 8.... is a student from Britain in our group.... is a swimming pool near my house, but... is no water in it. 10.... were a lot of rains last autumn.
B. 1. What is... you wanted to tell me? 2. Since... was nothing much to see, we left. 3. Where... is life,... is hope. 4.... is no use telling him the truth.... is nothing to him. 5.... is important to keep in mind that... is left-side traffic in Britain. 6. Is... any I news? 7. Is... enough food in the house? ... is enough to feed the whole group. 8.... is nothing like walking about the countryside when... is warm and... is sunshine and... isnt a single cloud in the sky and... is not going to rain and... is someone to make you happy. 9. Along time ago... used to be a fortress on that hill. 10.... is nothing but the result of her nervous disorder. 11.... is nothing I can do to help you. 12.... a medieval castle in the woods.... has existed since the 14th I century. 13.... comes my bus.... is number 17. 14.... no time to waste.... is high time we take some steps. 15.... was here that we met Ethel. 16. I like... when Im alone, she said. 17.... was something extremely civilized about her so that surprised you to see her in those surroundings. 18. Let... be so. 19. Let... always be sunshine. 19.... is no smoke without fire. 20.... never rains but... pours.
Exercise 2. Say what you keep:
a) in the draw of your desk;
b) in your safe;
c) in you pocket, bag, wallet/purse.
Exercise 3. Use it or there.
1. ____ a bike parking near the metro station. ____ is a safe place. 2. ____ is a fax today. _____ is for you. 3.____ is a Xerox ['zɪərɔks] in the laboratory. ____ is very useful. 4. _____ isnt a printer to this computer. ____ isnt good. 5.____ is always a tiny ray of hope. ____ is better to be optimistic. 6. _____ is no ink in the cartridge. Is ____ an old one? Yes, _____ is. 7. _____ is some fish and an octopus on the screen saver. _____ is a very pleasant picture. 8._____ was so much rain last summer. _____ was really like _____ is in England, but _____ was very hot there. 9. _____ is no money left on my account. _____ is very, very sad. 10. _____is so much information in the Internet. _____ is really a world of knowledge. 11. Once upon a time _____ lived a very kind doctor. _____ is a famous childrens story. 12. Once _____ was a brave captain. _____ is a story about Captain Cook. 13. _____ is a fine day today! _____ are many dog-walkers in the park. 14. _____ is up to you to decide this question.
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Exercise 4. Translate into English.
1. . . . . 2. . . . . 3. . . 4. , , . ? . . ? 14 . . 7. , . . 8. ? . 9. ? ? 5 . . 10. ? . . , . 11. . , 12 . . 12. . . 13. . , . 14. . . 15. . .
Exercise 5. Tell about your area, street, house, flat using there is/was/will be;it is/was/will be; its+noun.
Exercise 6. Use it or there.
1. ___ is autumn. ___ is getting cold. ___ usually gets dark very early. 2. ____ were many people on the bus. ____ was a peak hour. 3. ___ is no wind today. Yes, ___ isnt windy. 4. ___ are twelve months in the year, ____ is a fact. 5. ___ is a long way from here to the airport. But ___ is a taxi at the shop. 6. ___ was a fine day. ___ were a lot of people in the park. 7. ___ is something Id like to tell you. ____ is very important. 8. ___ is a new book. ___ are many interesting facts in it. 9. ___ isnt a difficult task. ___ are many ways to do it. 10. We cant take any pictures. ___ isnt a film in the camera. ____ such a pity! 11. ___ is warm in the room. ____ is a fireplace here. 12. ____ was a lot of snow last winter. ___ was a cold winter. 13. Is ___ snowing? No, ___ is raining hard. ___ are dark clouds in the sky. 14. ___ is a supermarket down the street. ___ is a five minute walk from here. ___ is close to the bus station. 15. Who is that man? ___ is Mr. Smith, our director. 16. ___ is a question Id like to ask you. Is ___ difficult? 17. ___ is a good question, and Ill try to answer it. Sometimes ___ are questions that you cant answer. 18. ___ is about ten oclock. ___ is little time left before the lecture starts. 19. ___ is an island in the ocean. ____ is a small island, but ___ are many hotels there. 20. Whats this? ___ is a secret file. ___ is very important formation in it.
Exercise 7. Translate the sentences into English.
1. ? . . , . , . - . . 2. . . . , . . . 3. . . . . . . , , . , . - . 4. ? , . . , , , , . , , . .
TASKS FOR SELF-CONTROL
MODULE II
