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2.1
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.
. 6 (, , , , , , ). 12536-79 .
, 943-93 ( 2.1).
943-93 , 2 50 % < 1.
(1983 .) 0.05-2 . 5 %.
2.1 943-93 ( 25100-82).
, % - | |
2 25 % | |
0.5 50 % | |
0.25 50 % | |
0.1 75 % | |
0.1 75 % |
2.2
(1); (2); , (3); (4); (5); (6); (. 2.1).
2.3
2.3.1 10; 5; 2; 1; 0.5 , 10; 5; 2; 1; 0.5; 0.25; 0.1 .
, . .
. 2.1
2.3.2 . , , , .
: , 2 100 .; , 10 % ( ) 2 500 .; , 10 30 % 2 1000 .; , 30 % 2 2000 .
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2.4
( )
2.4.1 - 0.01 . ( 2.2).
2.4.2 . , , ( ) , .
2.4.3 . , ; , .
2.4.4 , , 0.01 .
2.5
2.5.1 : .
2.5.2 () ∆ () ():
2.2
m1= .
____________________________________
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> 10 | 10-5 | 55-2 | 22-1 | 11-0.5 | <0.5 | ||
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, % |
______________________ 2006 .
943-93 ___________
_______________________________
(, , , )
2.5.3 ∆ (1 % ), , :
2.5.4 (). .
2.5.5 0.1 % :
,
, .;
, , .
2.5.6 . 100 %.
2.5.7 . .
2.6
1. ?
2. ?
3. 943-93.
4. .
5. .
3
( 12536-79)
3.1
() .
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. (, , , , , , ). 12536-79 .
, 943-2007.
943-2007 .
, . . .
3.2
0.995 1 1.030 0.0001 (1); : 10; 5; 2; 1.0; 0.5; 0.25; 0.1 (2); (3); (4); , (5); (6); (7); ; 1000 3 (8); (9); (10); (11); (12); 25 (13); (14); (15); (16); ; 25%- (. 3.1).
3.3
3.3.1 200 . - 10; 5; 2; 1 .
3.3.2 , 1 .
20 , 30 , 40 .
15 .
3.3.3 . 2 , 4-6 . 14-16 5- 10 .
. 3.1
100-150 , 100 , 70 50 .
. , , , .
3.3.4 , , 100 , . , .
, , .
3.3.5 1 25 %- , 2-3 1 ( ). .
3.3.6 1 0.1 , 14 . .
3.3.7 , . 0.1 . , .
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3.3.8 , , , , , , .
3.3.9 0.5; 0.25 0.1 .
, 0.1 , .
, , . ( 3.1).
3.3.10 1 .
3.4
3.4.1 .
, 20 0, . .
, .
, 1.000, , 1.000.
3.1
= 3
= = /3
= %
= =
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, 0 | , | , | , % | ||||||||||||
d | 3.4 | ||||||||||||||
1 | |||||||||||||||
30 | |||||||||||||||
3 | |||||||||||||||
3.4.2 .
, . , 20 0. . .
, .
3.4.3 .
950 , 20 0, .
. 1 , , .
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3.5
3.5.1 1 , .
3.5.2 2 . 10-12 , , , . 5-7 .
3.2
, | |
0.05 | 1 |
0.01 | 30 |
0.005 | 3 |
3.5.3 , , .
3.5.4. . .
3.5.5 ( 3.1).
3.6
3.6.1 :
- - , ;
- - ,
- , %.
3.6.2 10; 10-5; 5-2; 2-1 :
,
- , %;
- , ;
- - , .
3.6.3 3.3 (), ( 3.1).
3.3
, 0 | () | , 0 | () | , 0 | () |
10.0 | - 1.2 | 17.0 | - 0.5 | 24.0 | +0.8 |
10.5 | - 1.2 | 17.5 | - 0.4 | 24.5 | +0.9 |
11.0 | - 1.2 | 18.0 | - 0.3 | 25.0 | +1.0 |
11.5 | - 1.1 | 18.5 | - 0.3 | 25.5 | +1.1 |
12.0 | - 1.1 | 19.0 | - 0.2 | 26.0 | +1.3 |
12.5 | - 1.0 | 19.5 | - 0.1 | 26.5 | +1.4 |
13.0 | - 1.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 27.0 | +1.5 |
13.5 | - 0.9 | 20.5 | +0.1 | 27.5 | +1.6 |
14.0 | - 0.9 | 21.0 | +0.2 | 28.0 | +1.8 |
14.5 | - 0.8 | 21.5 | +0.3 | 28.5 | +1.9 |
15.0 | - 0.8 | 22.0 | +0.4 | 29.0 | +2.1 |
15.5 | - 0.7 | 22.5 | +0.5 | 29.5 | +2.2 |
16.0 | - 0.6 | 23.0 | +0.6 | 30.0 | +2.3 |
16.5 | - 0.6 | 23.5 | +0.7 |
3.6.4 0.5; 0.25; 0.1 % :
,
- , ;
- , ;
- 1.0 , %.
3.6.5 % :
,
- , %;
- , /3;
- , 1 /3;
- - , ;
;
- 0.1 , %.
3.6.6 , .
3.6.7 0.1-0.05 : 100 % , .
3.6.8 ( 3.4), 10; 10-5; 5-2; 2-1; 1-.05; 0.5-0.25; 0.25-0.01; 0.1-0.05; 0.05-0.01; 0.01-0.005 0.005 , .
3.6.9 . . .
3.6.10 3.4 . . 0.001. , lg 10 , 4 , 1.01; 0.10; 1.00; 10.00. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 9.
|
|
0.002 0.009 , 0.02 0.09 , 0.2 0.9 , 2 9 .
, , lg 10 = 1 4 , :
lg 2 = 0.301 0.301 4 = 1.2 ,