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SECTION A
1 WHAT IS FOOD?
Active Vocabulary
food, foods/foodstuffs; nutrition, nutrient, nutritive, nutritious, nutritionist; to nourish, nourishment; to eat (ate, eaten); to take in, intake; to digest, digestion, digestible; capacity; ability, able/capability, capable; to constitute, constituent; to compose, composition, component; to make up/to build up; to meet the need/requirement; to make contribution; amount, quantity; to lose (lost, lost); to repair; to supplement; to define, definition, definite; to refer to; to accept; to regard; to list; essential, adequate, complex
Food is essential to the nutrition of any human being or any form of life. If there is no food there is no life; if the amount or kind of food is inadequate, growth is stopped and the capacity to work is lost.
The term food is commonly used to refer to those substances that form a part of the usual diet. Milk, eggs, tomatoes, and flour are accepted as foods. Scientifically speaking foods are not so much substances that we eat as substances that supply certain nutrients when eaten. Foods, then are defined as those substances which when taken into the body, supply energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate body processes. Foods, which we eat, are often complex substances, capable of meeting more than one of these body needs. One food may supply both energy and building material, another may regulate body processes and give energy. The contribution that a food makes to the body depends upon its constituents and the ability of the body to utilize them. The chief constituents of foods are classified into six groups: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and water.
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The bodys need for energy is met through carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Its need for building and repairing tissues is primarily met by proteins and minerals, though these are supplemented by the other constituents. The regulation of body processes is commonly regarded as particular function of water, proteins, vitamins, minerals, organic acids and cellulose. Though water, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats make up the largest quantity of the food constituents used the others listed are also essential.
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1. Why is food essential to the nutrition? 2. What are the chief constituents of foods? 3. What is the main function of food? 4. Why should people eat?
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