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About International initiatives in the field of legal regulation of private military and security companies ( )

The use of mercenaries in both traditional and non-traditional formats remains a serious problem in the world today. The activities at the international level, of a number of private companies that recruit, train, use or finance former military personnel and ex‑policemen from all regions of the world to operate in zones of armed conflict present new modalities of mercenary-related activities. The trend towards outsourcing and privatizing various military functions by a number of States in the past 10 years has resulted in the mushrooming of private military and security companies. At the international level a few initiative of elaborating a common system to regulate private military and security companies exporting their services abroad.

 

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[3].: .. [ ] // , 2003. (1 ). http://www.cis.minsk.by/Russian/atc/06_02_2004/terror1.htm. - 02.01.2009.

[4].: /45/488, 24 September 1990; A/46/459, 23 September 1991; A/48/385, 23 September 1993; A/49/362, 6 September 1994; A/50/390, 29 August 1995; A/51/392, 23 September 1996; A/52/495, 16 October 1997; A/54/326, 7 September 1999; A/55/334, 30 August 2000; A/56/224, 27 July 2001; A/57/178, 2 July 2002; A/58/115, 2 July 2003; A/59/191, 30 July 2004; A/60/263, 17 August 2005.

[5].: Deborah Avant, The Privatization of Security and Change in the Control of Force, International Studies Perspectives 5. - . 153-157.

[6].: S. Fairnau "Cutting Cost, Bending Rules and a Trail of Broken Lives", Washington Post, 29 July 2007.

[7].: United States Government Accountability Office 2006 report; J. Scahill, "A very private army", The Guardian, 1 August 2007.

[8].: M. Caparini, "Regulation of PSCs: Legal and Policy Challenges".

[9].: P.W. Singer, "Outsourcing War", Foreign Affairs, March 2005.

[10].: Swisspeace, "The Impact of Private Military and Security Companies on the Local Population in Post-Conflict Countries. A Comparative Study for Afghanistan and Angola", Bern, 2007 (draft and forthcoming report, on hold with the authors).

[11].: A/HRC/7/7, 9 January 2008. 29 31.

[12] .: Publico,El ministro de Justicia de Irak, Safa al Safi, Madrid, 20 July 2008.

[13].: A/60/263, 17 August 2005. 46, 47, 49.

[14].: A/60/263, 17 August 2005. 62 63.

[15].: : (14 22 2005 ) / , , , . E/2005/23 (Part I) - E/CN.4/2005/134 (Part I). . 10, 30.

[16] .: /61/341, 13 September 2006. 65 66.

[17].: /62/301, 24 August 2007. 68 69.

[18].: 62/145 18 2007 . . A/RES/62/145, 4 March 2008.

[19].: A/HRC/7/L.11/Add.1, 28 March 2008.

[20]. : A/HRC/7/7, 9 January 2008; A/HRC/7/7/Add.2, 4 February 2008; A/HRC/7/7/Add.3, 8 January 2008; A/HRC/7/7/Add.4, 4 February 2008; A/HRC/7/7/Add.5, 5 March 2008.

[21].: A/63/325, 25 August 2008. 90.

[22].: Larry Cox, Executive Director, Amnesty International USA; 2006 AI report.

[23] .: Montreux document on pertinent international legal obligations and good practices for states related to operations of private military and security companies during armed conflict. Montreux, 17 September 2008 [Electronic resourse] / Swiss Initiative, in Cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross, on Private Military and Security Companies. Electronic data (1 file). - http://www.eda.admin.ch/psc. - 04.01.2009.

[24].: Wisconsin International Law Society (WILS). Model Law Project. Coordinated by Jose L. Gomez del Prado with Margaret Maffai (Student Research Project Coordinator) and the following other fourteen Students of the Law School of the University of Wisconsin Madison (USA) Neeraj Agarwal, Melanie Black, Elizabeth Constable, Pauline Chow, Anuradha Chudasama, Sophy Chhun, Brian Edstrom, Steven Fioritto, Jennifer Hassemer, Nicole Kieper, Sarai King, Amy McGann, Jessica Ozalp, Anastasia Vener. 10 October 2008.

[25].: 15.09.2008 1359.



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