: d ; U; - , , , , ; , , ; , .
,
, (2.1)
i0 ; α ; γ- , , , .
a p
a/p = A×exp{-Bp/E}, (2.2)
- =12 -1-1, =176 [/(×)].
(2.1) , . , . , U<Ut, μ <1, . μ=1
, (2.3)
Et = Ut/d, Ut (2.3).
Ut, , . Et , , pd. Ut = f(pd), pd, .
:
(2.4)
; d , ; g - , 10-2.
2.2.1.
1. , , , r, - l.
2. , d. , x=d .
3. U U=U. ( ), - ( ). je ji .
|
|
(=0) Iio, .
Ioe = ×Ioi, (2.5)
- . :
= 6,432×10-5U (2.6)
35 .
.
2.2.2.
: ji/je= ; (x=d)
, (2.7)
:
, (2.8)
, . , d :
We = exp(-d/le) = exp(-pd/le1), (2.9)
le1 - 1 ( le1 =6,11×10-2 ×); le - p (le = le1 /p). , d. , (1-We) , . , , ,
jed = We jeo + (1 - We)c jeoexp(. (2.10)
, , Bmg:
, (2.11)
Bo - (Bo = 0,2 T).
jo=jd=j, (2.7), (2.8) (2.10)
We + (1 - We)c . (2.12)
E=Eo(1-x/d)
Uk = - ,
, E0=2U/d dE/dx=-Eo/d. (2.12)
,
, U (p×d):
5,2×103/U = exp(-pd/ le1) + c{1-exp(-pd/ le1}exp(pdA) -1. (2.13)
c=1 . U=f(pd) ; (c=1)
(pd)2 = 13,712/U0,909, (2.14 )
, c=1,25 c=2,
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(pd)2 = 20,345/U, (2.14 )
(pd)2 = 76,122/U1,264. (2.14 )
1000 £ U £ 5000 .
2.2.3.
:
ji = r×vi,
r = eodiv E,
0,5mivi2 =e×j.
0 £ x £ d
vi = .
, ,
ji0 = . (2.15)
(2.15) :
ji0 = 1,95×10-8 , [/2]. (2.16)
(2.6), (2.8) (2.16):
ji0 = 1,95×10-8 (1+6,432×10-5U). (2.17)
, (2.17) (pd)2 (2.14, , ); c = 1,0; 1,25 2,0 :
j = 1,422×10-9p2U2,409(1+6,432×10-5U), (2.18)
j = 9,585×10-10p2U2,5(1+6,432×10-5U), (2.18)
j = 2,562×10-10p2U2,764(1+6,432×10-5U). (2.18)