, , -. : (), (). He hasnt published his article yet (active), His article hasnt been published yet (passive).
, . , , . , , .
. . -'s.
- Monica's letter
- His friend's wife
- The program's success
-s/-es.
, s, ss, sh, ch, x es.
, f/fe, -ve + s (wife - wives).
, - , I + es.
- - -s -es ( ).
:
man men
womanwomen
footfeet
tooth teeth
goose geese
mouse mice
child children
ox oxen
sheep-sheep
fish- fish
deer- deer
, : sand (), food, meat, water, air, politics, economics, physics, mathematics, spaghetti, advice, information, knowledge, progress, news, money, hair.
, : jeans, tongs (), glasses, trousers, tights, scissors, goods, clothes, contents, wages ().
A
The definite article
) .
1. , ,
The flat is quite large and comfortable.
2. , .
When we went out, the moon was shining.
3. , .
They went into the restaurant and sat down at the table by the window.
4. , .
Pass me the salt, please.
5. , .
Dreiser, the famous American writer, joined the Communist Party at the age of 74.
6. one of, some of, many of, each of, most of; all, both.
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Give me one of the books.
7. , , , same, following , next last .
This is the most responsible task of all.
8. people .
The old don't always understand the young.
9. , .
The workers
The bourgeoisie
10. , .
The dog is a friend of man.
)
, .
I haven't met the Browns since they returned from London.
, .
was again the Charles she used to know years ago.
.
traveled widely throughout the United States.
, , .
traveled twice across the Pacific Ocean.
.
Have you ever been to the South?
, .
reads the Morning Star regularly.
The indefinite article
1. - ( to have, to see . there is, ) .
A man's waiting for you.
2. .
They lived a quiet life.
3. , , .
Mr. Petrov, an engineer at our factory, spoke at the meeting yesterday.
4. , .
Will you be back in an hour?
5. what .
What a lonely day!
6. , such, quite, rather, most ( )
It is such a difficult sentence that I can't translate it.
7. , , .
Suddenly we heard a shot, then a second and a third.
8. a little a few.
If I have a little free time today, Ill drop in.
No article
1. ; , - ; , ( 1,5,6).
The work gives him satisfaction.
.
London is the capital of England.
, next last .
I went to the Ukraine for my holiday last year, and I am going there next year too.
4. .
I like Literature and History, but I don't like Mathematics.
5. Mother, Father, Uncle, Aunt . .
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Has Mother come back yet?
6. , : in time, at home, at night, by train, by heart, by day, from year to year, from head to foot .
You can get there in time if you go by train.
: , , .
1-
(low, nice, hot)
-, -ow, -le, -er (pretty, clever)
(severe)
un- (unhappy)
.
low - lower - the lowest clever - cleverer - the cleverest
more the most
modern - more modem - the most modern
terrible - more terrible - the most terrible
,
good - better - the best
bad - worse - the worst
far - farther - the farthest
far - further - the furthest
many/much - more - the most
little - less - the least
1. , 1 - ( )
late - later latest
2. , 2- ( )
Seldom - more seldom- most seldom
3.
badly - worse - worst
little - less - least
much - more - most
well - better - best
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
(. ) me, you, him, her, it, us, them
// who(whom), whose, which, what
myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, yourselves, ourselves, themselves
each other, one another
no, nobody, no one, none, nothing, nowhere
some (+), any(-,?), every , all, both, each, other, another, one.
1. , , , ..,
1,201 books (one thousand two hundred and one books)
on page 305 (three hundred and five)
in 1900 (nineteen hundred)
in 1905 (nineteen ou five)
in 1956 (nineteen fifty six)
in 2008 (two thousand and eight)
2. , ,
The 35th day (thirty-fifth) day
16th January (the sixteenth of January)
3. ( )
1/5 ton (one fifth of a ton)
1/2 kilomeire (half a kilometre)
1/4 mile (quarter of a mile)
0.5 (point five)
3.215 (three point two one five)
