, . , .
1. , . .
2. . , :
. (17)
:
1)
; (18)
2) c
; (19)
3)
; (20)
4) , ( n1) ( n2):
, (21)
.
( ) n2, :
n2 = 1 ,
n2 = 2 ,
n2 = 3 ,
n2 = 4 .
. .
() . +e
mp = 1,672×10-27 ( 0 = 938,2 ).
(n)
mn = 1,675×10-27 ( 0 = 939,5 ).
z, , .
. .
, X . , ( ).
m . , . , , , . , :
. (38)
, . : 1) a-, 2) b-, 3) g- , 4) , 5) .
N=N0e-lt, (39)
|
|
N0 , N t, l , .
, , 1/2. (39) ,
T1/2 = (ln2)/l. (40)
, :
A = dN/dt = lN. (41)
-
.
. (42)
, Y , , () .
-
b-
. (43)
, , , , . .
, ( ). 10-15 .
X, b Y:
+ Y + b.
(,b)Y. (44)
b (n), (), (d), a- (a) g- (g).
, . Q .
():
(45)
å m1 , ,
å m2 , .
, (Q<0).