SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O, ... | ||
H2O, CO2, SO2, H2S | ||
- | Rb, Cs, Ba, Sr | |
Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn (Ti, Mn, Mn. Fe) | ||
La, , Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu | ||
( ) | Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Au | |
Y, Th, U, Pb, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, REE | ||
O, C, H, S | ||
KAr, RbSr, SmNd, ReOs, UPb, ThPb, PbPb, 14C14N |
. .
() . , . 100 %. . 2. - Fe2O3 FeO, (Fe2O3+ FeO), Fe2O3 Fe3O4.
(2, 2, S). , > 110 , 2+. , 1000 (. . ). , . 2.
. , . 3.
- <0,1 %. (/ m), (/ ppb). : 1 / 0,0001 %.
4050 . , , () . . : LIL (large ion lithophyls), HFS (high field strength elements) () .
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- (rare earth elements, REE), La, , Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. .
3.
→ | → | ||
l→l23 | 1,88988 | l23 →AI | 0,52913 |
→ | 1,11648 | → | 0,89567 |
→ | 1,39920 | → | 0,71469 |
→3 | 2,29726 | 3 → | 0,40044 |
→ | 1,27146 | → | 0,78650 |
→23 | 1,46145 | 23→ | 0,68425 |
Cs→CsO2 | 1,06020 | CsO2 →Cs | 0,94323 |
Fe+2 →FeO | 1,28648 | FeO→ Fe+2 | 0,77731 |
Fe+3 →Fe2O3 | 1,42972 | Fe2O3 → Fe+3 | 0,69944 |
FeO→ Fe2O3 | 1,11135 | Fe2O3 →FeO | 0,89981 |
FeS→Fe | 0,63327 | ||
→K2O | 1,20462 | K2O →K | 0,83013 |
Li→Li2O | 2,15274 | Li2O →Li | 0,46452 |
Mn→MnO | 1,29128 | MnO→Mn | 0,77443 |
Mg→MgO | 1,65789 | MgO→Mg | 0,60317 |
Na→Na2O | 1,34787 | Na2O →Na | 0,74191 |
Ni→ NiO | 1,27262 | NiO→Ni | 0,78578 |
P→P205 | 2,29116 | P205 →P | 0,43646 |
Rb→Rb2O | 1,09359 | Rb2O →Rb | 0,91442 |
Si→SiO2 | 2,14041 | SiO2→Si | 0,46720 |
Sr→SrO | 1,18259 | SrO→Sr | 0,84560 |
Ti→TiO2 | 1,66806 | TiO2→Ti | 0,59950 |
Zr→ZrO2 | 1,35080 | ZrO2→Zr | 0,74030 |
, e4+, Eu2+. - . (LREE) (La, , Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu) HREE (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu). REE (Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho). REE . . , /, ().
, .
1 ; 2 Eu - REE; 3 Eu - REE;
4 Eu - REE.
. REE , - (MORB) (. 4, 5).
4. ,
REE , /.
Bard, | Wakita e.a., 1971 | Evensen e.a., | Taylor e.a., | |
La | 0,310 | 0,34 | 0,245 | 0,367 |
0,808 | 0,91 | 0,637 | 0,957 | |
0,122 | 0,121 | 0,096 | 0,137 | |
Nd | 0,600 | 0,64 | 0,473 | 0,711 |
Sm | 0,195 | 0,195 | 0,154 | 0,231 |
Eu | 0,074 | 0,073 | 0,058 | 0,087 |
Gd | 0,259 | 0,26 | 0,204 | 0,306 |
Tb | 0,047 | 0,047 | 0,037 | 0,058 |
Dy | 0,322 | 0,30 | 0,254 | 0,381 |
Ho | 0,072 | 0,078 | 0,056 | 0,085 |
Er | 0,210 | 0,02 | 0,166 | 0,249 |
Tm | 0,032 | 0,032 | 0,026 | 0,056 |
Yb | 0,209 | 0,22 | 0,017 | 0,248 |
Lu | 0,032 | 0,034 | 0,025 | 0,038 |
: (NASC North American shale composite), (PAAS Post Arhean Australian Shale) (RPSC Russian Platform Shale Composite) (. 6).
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(). , , .
5. ,