5. CIDR VLSM
. . . .
, TCP/IP , .
80- TCP/IP, . 32- IP () , - . . .
IP , . 32- , . .
10101100000111101000000000010001 <-> 10101100 00011110 10000000 00010001 <->
172 30 128 17 <-> 172.30.128.17
, IP ? TCP/IP . IP . .
, . 10. 110.
. . , . D E .
, IP , .
, 32 . IP
111111111111111100000000000000 <->11111111 1111111 0000000 0000000 <->
255 255 0 0 <-> 255.255.0.0
IP . IP , IP , IP , IP . 255.255.0.0 172.24.100.45 172.24.0.0, 255.255.255.0 172.24.100.0.
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- /N, N . IP . , 255.255.0.0 172.24.100.45 172.24.100.45/16.
255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, 255. 255. 255.0. , .
( 255.255.0.0), , 255.255.255.0. , 172.24.100.45 , 172.24.0.0, 172.24.100.0. , .
M, 2M-2. . , , , . 172.24.100.45/24 172.24.100.0, 172.24.100.255. 28-2 =254.
75 . 17000. B, . 12.5 . 2.1 . 254 , , .
IP , , .
90- . . .
CIDR
IP (Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR)), . , , , . CIDR . .
CIDR IP :
- ;
- ;
- ;
- Supernetting - , .
CIDR . IP . , .
|
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CIDR .
44.0.0.0/8, 8
44.24.0.0/16 | ||||
44.25.0.0/16 | ||||
44.26.0.0/16 | ||||
44.27.0.0/16 | ||||
44.28.0.0/16 | ||||
44.29.0.0/16 | ||||
44.30.0.0/16 | ||||
44.31.0.0/16 |
1.
(16 ) . 16 , .
: 13 . CIDR- , 13- : 00101100 00011.
10101100 00011000 00000000 00000000 = 172.24.0.0.
13-
11111111 11111000 00000000 00000000 = 255.248.0.0.
, : 172.24.0.0/13.
Supernetting
Supernetting . Supernetting . supernetting , . Supernetting , subnetting , . Supernetting subnetting.
, . , supernetting .
, 400 . InterNIC . , . , 254*2= 504 . .
supernetting . CIDR, , InterNIC. . . . , , . .
, : 207.21.54.0 207.21.55.0.
207.21.54.0 | ||||
207.21.55.0 |
2.
, 23- 11001111 00010101 0011011. 11001111 00010101 00110110 00000000, 23- , 207.21.54.0/23.
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207.21.54.0/23.
CIDR IP .
VLSM
(Variable-Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)) . VLSM .
, 207.21.24.0
207.21.24.0/27 | |
207.21.24.32/27 | |
207.21.24.64/27 | |
207.21.24.96/27 | |
207.21.24.128/27 | |
207.21.24.160/27 | |
207.21.24.192/27 | |
207.21.24.224/27 |
3.
, 30 .
. /27 . 30- . , . 207.21.24.192/27 , 30- .
207.21.24.192/30 | |
207.21.24.196/30 | |
207.21.24.200/30 | |
207.21.24.204/30 | |
207.21.24.208/30 | |
207.21.24.212/30 | |
207.21.24.220/30 | |
207.21.24.224/30 |
4.
/27 . .
VLSM .
CIDR VLSM , . 90- . .
. 1
. 2
, 192.168.48.0/20. : .
, . RIP 1 IGRP , . 1 A B RIP 1, A B 207.21.24.0/24, 207.21.24.32/27.
RIP v2 EIGRP . . . no auto-summary.
VLSM RIP 1 RIP 2.
192.168.1.0/24. 25 .
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25 . 30 (25 = 32 - 2). , 24- . , 27- 8 :
192.168.1.0/24 | 192.168.1.128/24 | ||
192.168.1.32/24 | 192.168.1.160/24 | ||
192.168.1.64/24 | 192.168.1.192/24 | ||
192.168.1.96/24 | 192.168.1.224/24 |
5.
192.168.1.0 /27 8 30- :
192.168.1.0/30 | 192.168.1.16/30 | ||
192.168.1.4/30 | 192.168.1.20/30 | ||
192.168.1.8/30 | 192.168.1.24/30 | ||
192.168.1.12/30 | 192.168.1.28/30 |
6.
- , .
, 3. Vista 2501, 805. 2950.
1. show cdp neighbors.
. show ip interface brief.
3. HostA : 192.168.1.33Ethernet SanJose1, 192.168.1.34Ethernet SanJose2. ,
hostA# ipconfig /dg 192.168.1.33
4. RIP . .
Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# no auto-summary
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
.3
5. , Vista 192.168.1.32/27, hostA.
Vista# show ip route
, 192.168.1.32/27 192.168.1.2 Serial0, 192.168.1.32/27 192.168.1.6 Serial1. . , Serial0 Serial1:
Vista# debug ip rip
Vista# no debug ip rip
.
6. , SanJose1 192.168.1.64/27, hostB.
.
7. , SanJose2 192.168.1.64/27, hostB.
.
hostA hostB . 2 .
, , version 2 no auto-summary.
1. ?
2. CIDR?
3. VLSM?
4. IP IP ?
5. IP IP ?
6. ?
7. .
8. ?
9. ?
10. ?
11. CIDR VLSM ?
12. Supernetting?
13. ?
14. , ?
15. RIP?