n- , ,, . , ,, - :
A = a11 + a21 ++ an1
A = a12 + a22 ++ an2
.
A = an1 + an2 ++ ann
= .
L = x1 + x2 ++ xn , A Î L.
,
..
, ,, .
:
, × ,
. , :
x¢ = x + y
y¢ = y + z
z¢ = z + x
x¢ = 1×x + 1×y + 0×z
y¢ = 0×x + 1×y + 1×z
z¢ = 1×x + 0×y + 1×z
A =
.
: , , , ( ).
= ×
. , , . , .
= ×
..
: ïï= 0, , .., , , .
: L n- . L , l, :
A .
l ( ) , .
: , ,, = , l1, l2, ,ln :
, - .
. = .
:
:
l2 - 8l + 7 = 0;
: l1 = 7; l2 = 1;
l1 = 7:
: x1 2x2 = 0. : (t; 0,5t) t - .
|
|
l2 = 1:
: x1 + x2 = 0. : (t; -t) t - .
:
. , = .
:
(1 - l)((5 - l)(1 - l) - 1) - (1 - l - 3) + 3(1 - 15 + 3l) = 0
(1 - l)(5 - 5l - l + l2 - 1) + 2 + l - 42 + 9l = 0
(1 - l)(4 - 6l + l2) + 10l - 40 = 0
4 - 6l + l2 - 4l + 6l2 - l3 + 10l - 40 = 0
-l3 + 7l2 36 = 0
-l3 + 9l2 - 2l2 36 = 0
-l2(l + 2) + 9(l2 4) = 0
(l + 2)(-l2 + 9l - 18) = 0
: l1 = -2; l2 = 3; l3 = 6;
1) l1 = -2:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = 0; x3 = -1;
:
2) l2 = 3:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = -1; x3 = 1;
:
3) l3 = 6:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = 2; x3 = 1;
:
y f(x)
A + e
A
A - e
0 a - D a a + D x
f(x) = (.. = )
. f(x) , e>0 D>0, ,
0 < ïx - aï < D
ïf(x) - Aï< e.
:
- D < x < a + D, x ¹ a, - e < f(x) < A + e.
: