, .
U = U0 cos ω t. (4.82)
. 4.19 |
C |
R |
L |
~ U |
. (4.83)
, - - .
. (4.84)
-
q = q0 cos(ω t + ψ), (4.85)
ψ .
, , ω ,
, (4.86)
. (4.87)
( ) (. .4.13), (4.50).
(4.85) t,
I = - q0 ω sin(ω t + ψ) = I0 cos(ω t + ψ + π/2),
I0 = q0 ω .
I = I0 cos(ωt φ), (4.88)
φ = -(ψ + π/2) .
(4.86) (4.87)
, (4.89)
. (4.90)
(4.90) , , , , . , .
(4.85) ,
, (4.91)
. (4.92)
(4.88) L, :
(4.93)
. (4.94)
(4.88), (4.91) (4.93) , π/ 2, π /2.
. (. 4.20).
U |
UC |
w LI0 |
I0/ w C |
UL |
UR |
I0R |
φ |
.4.20 |
-
. (4.95)
. 4.22. .
R1 < R2 < R3 R1 R2 R3 |
U 0 |
0 ω ω0 ω |
U co |
|
|
. 4.21
w0 |
R |
R |
R |
R |
R |
R |
< |
< |
w |
I0 |
. 4.22 |
,
. (4.96)
ω →0, I = 0, .
- Q, , , ..
(4.97)
ω ≈ ω0
(4.98)
, .
. . 4.23 . ω1 ω2 .
.4.23 |
, . .
(4.99)
. 4.23 |
, - , . ( R C) wi, Q , , - , . , , , .
(3.1, 3.4.--3.6.). , - , . .
, (4.100)
- .
, , - , (.4.24). ,
. (4.101)
, (4.102)
, (4.103)
ω- , k = ω/υ = 2π/λ , α-
.
.4.24 |
. , ..
. (4.104)
, , - ,
|
|
, (4.105)
< ω > - .
< ω > ,
I ~ 2. (4.106)
, , , . (.4.25).
, . . .
φ |
.4.25
( λ = /ν), : (9- ), , γ .