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Types of Business Letters

by Hannah Wickford, Demand Media

The term business letters refers to any written communication that begins with a salutation, ends with a signature and whose contents are professional in nature. Historically, business letters were sent via postal mail or courier, although the Internet is rapidly changing the way businesses communicate. There are many standard types of business letters, and each of them has a specific focus.

Offer Letters

Typical sales letters start off with a very strong statement to capture the interest of the reader. Since the purpose is to get the reader to do something, these letters include strong calls to action, detail the benefit to the reader of taking the action and include information to help the reader to act, such as including a telephone number or website link.

Order Letters

Order letters are sent by consumers or businesses to a manufacturer, retailer or wholesaler to order goods or services. These letters must contain specific information such as model number, name of the product, the quantity desired and expected price. Payment is sometimes included with the letter.

Complaint Letters

The words and tone you choose to use in a letter complaining to a business may be the deciding factor on whether your complaint is satisfied. Be direct but tactful and always use a professional tone if you want the company to listen to you.

Adjustment Letters

An adjustment letter is normally sent in response to a claim or complaint. If the adjustment is in the customers favor, begin the letter with that news. If not, keep your tone factual and let the customer know that you understand the complaint.

Inquiry Letters

Inquiry letters ask a question or elicit information from the recipient. When composing this type of letter, keep it clear and succinct and list exactly what information you need. Be sure to include your contact information so that it is easy for the reader to respond.

Follow-Up Letter

Follow-up letters are usually sent after some type of initial communication. This could be a sales department thanking a customer for an order, a businessman reviewing the outcome of a meeting or a job seeker inquiring about the status of his application. In many cases, these letters are a combination thank-you note and sales letter.

Letters of Recommendation

Prospective employers often ask job applicants for letters of recommendation before they hire them. This type of letter is usually from a previous employer or professor, and it describes the senders relationship with and opinion of the job seeker.

Acknowledgment Letters

Acknowledgment letters act as simple receipts. Businesses send them to let others know that they have received a prior communication, but action may or may not have taken place.

Cover Letter

Cover letters usually accompany a package, report or other merchandise. They are used to describe what is enclosed, why it is being sent and what the recipient should do with it, if there is any action that needs to be taken. These types of letters are generally very short and succinct.

Letters of Resignation

When an employee plans to leave his job, a letter of resignation is usually sent to his immediate manager giving him notice and letting him know when the last day of employment will be. In many cases, the employee also will detail his reason for leaving the company.

Lexical minimum 1

As the agency has contacts with the advertiser I need the aptitudes of both a salesman and a manager. I work with the client to determine the advertising objectives and to obtain final approval of a campaign. I also work with the agencys personnel to develop advertising messages, media, and find facts to implement these objectives.

I see. I find your position absolutely necessary for the agency.

Certainly. And for more information you should come to our agency. I could arrange an appointment for you with the Manager.

Fine. I am going to create a network of agents in our company to promote our products. So I would like to know in general how you consider agents, advertising agents, sales agents, etc. Does one conclude any agreement with your agents?

Sure. There are basically two types of agency agreements. These are agreements for: 1) merchant firms and 2) sales agents. The first one stipulates that they become the owners of the goods and can dispose of them as they wish.

On the other hand, a sales agent may conclude an agreement on consignment basis which means that the goods remain the absolute property of the principal until delivered to end users. Agents are to dispose of the goods within a limited period of time. Sometimes they may be granted the exclusive right to represent the principals within the agreed territory. It is far more profitable for them.

Yes. I should think about that for the future. Sorry, but I have to leave... I would like to have a look at the factory where your equipment is tested, Mary.

It is done at the Test Department. We closely test every item of equipment before its distribution and normally have good reports from the customers both in Britain and abroad.

Let me go there and see everything with my own eyes. I have only seen your finished products. As its our first order wed certainly like our inspector to be present at the tests.

You should discuss your requirements with Mr Rogers, and youll need to wait until I get the approval of Mr Short.

Consumer , consumer's goods ; to consume ;
to be used to , ; He is used to getting up early. . : to be accustomed to
delivery ; to deliver . : to supply
to undertake 1) ; 2) , : to undertake responsible post ; undertaker 1) ; undertaking 1) ,
trainee . - , , : trainer (, ), - , . : employer employee; payerpayee
aptitude , . : ability, capability
objective , , . I don't see his objective . : purpose, aim
to approve , ; to approve report ; approved , ,
campaign , ; electoral campaign ; advertising campaign
To implement ; implementation , . : to carry out, to fulfil
To stipulate , ; the treaty stipulates that...
Consignment 1) ; 2) ,
profit , ; 2) , . Gross (net) profit () , to derive profit ; to produce a profit ; to sell at a profit , profit and loss account . : revenue. : profitable , ; profitability = profitableness , ; profitably

Training exercises

1. , . (enquiry office)?

You. (, ?)

Clerk. At 8. 40, sir.

You. (, (overnight) ?)

Clerk. Yes, the train has sleeping accomodation. ( )

You. (, ).

Clerk. I can give you a first-class non-smoking compartment. You. (, ?)

Clerk. It is due to arrive in Glasgow at 6. 30 a. m.

You. (, , (to time)).

Clerk. Yes, sir, it usually runs to time.

You. (, ?)

Clerk. Platform 5.

 

2. , , , . ? .

 

1.Invoice No. 305/19G 6.an annual rate of interest of 23,7%
2.a gross profit of 17. 5 % 7.A handling charge of 1 ½ %
3.31 March 1994 8.total interest charges of £4. 22
4.the list price is £61, 558 9.653 m operating profits
5.profit before interest and tax of £1, 753, 000  

 

a) four pounds twenty two

b) seventeen point five per cent

c) twenty three point seven per cent

d) sixty one thousand five hundred and fifty eight

e) one million seven hundred and fifty three thousand

f) seventeen hundred and ninety-five

g) six hundred and fifty three million

h) the thirty first of March nineteen ninety-four

i) four point two two

j) one and a half per cent

k) three five stroke nineteen G

1) one and a quarter per cent

3. (Past Simple Past Continuous)

1. Last year I (decide) to go to England for my holydays.

2. When I left Kiev it (rain), but when I (arrive) in London.

(clear up).

3. A cold wind (blow) from the sea.

4. I (go) to my hotel by bus. As soon as I (sign in) I (see) a friend of mine from Ukraine.

5. She (stay) at the same hotel.

6. In the afternoon we (go) shopping.

7. Street traders (sell) souvenirs.

8. We (listen) to their chatter trying to understand them.

 

-

(Offer)

- (the Supplier) -. , (pricelists), (catalogues) (typical Contract). .

-:

1. .

2. .

3. .

4. .

, , / / (samples). (price) (discounts). (packing), (transportation costs), (terms of delivery) (terms of payment). . 9, 10.

- , (special products) (range). (firm offer) , , (deadline) .


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(Sample Letter of Offer)

Mr. Fred North Purchasing Manager Broadway Autos

November 11, 19

Dear Mr. North,

Thank you very much for your enquiry. We are of course very familiar with your range of vehicles and are pleased to inform you that we have a new line of batteries that fit your specifications exactly.

The most suitable of our products for your requirements is the Artemis 66A Plus. This product combines economy, high power output and quick charging time and is now in stock.

I enclose a detailed quotation, specifications and delivery terms. As you will see from this, our prices are very competitive. I have arranged for our agent Mr. Martin of Fillmore S. A. to deliver five of these batteries to you next week, so that you can carry out the laboratory tests. Our own laboratory reports, enclosed with this letter, show that our new Artemis 66A Plus performs as well as any of our competitors product and, in some respects, outperforms them.

If you would like further information, please telephone or telex me. my extension number is 776. Or you may prefer to contact Mr. John

Martin of Fillmore S. A. in M: ________

his telephone number is

01 77 99 02.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely, Fred Stock

-:

. 1:

We were pleased to learn your interest in... ...

We are most pleased that you want to buy... , ...

We are glad to say that we can reserve you... , ...

It is good of you to take so much interest in our work... ...

We take pleasure in sending you the desired samples and offer... ...

As to your inquiry of... we are informing you that... ... , ...

. 2:

We enclose our catalogue with the latest price-list. .

Our detailed catalogue will demonstrate the wide range of our products. .

Our proposal is valid till... ...

We deliver our goods on CIF terms. .

The price covers packing and transportation expenses. .

We can give you 5 per cent discount. 5 % .

As you can see from our price-list, our prices are at least 3 % lower than market prices. , 3% .

. 3:

especially call your attention to... ...

Besides the above mentioned goods our company also produces

(see...) (....)

The model... will meet most of your requirements. ...

. 4:

We ask you to consider our proposal once more and let us know if we can expect your order. , .

I encourage you to order as soon as possible as the quantity of this product available at our warehouse is limited. , .

We would appreciate if we get the order from you as soon as possible. .

-If you are not happy with our proposal please let us know why. , .

We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.

 

Effective advertisment design takes full advantage of the buyers four reading habits:

Attract the buyers when they scan SIZE BORDER COLOUR
Interest the buyers when they review ILLUSTRATION LOGOS SLOGANS HEADLINES
Convince the buyers when they read RELIABILITY AUTHORIZED SALES & SERVICE SPECIALIZATION COMPLETENESS OF SERVICE
Prompt the buyers to take action CONVENIENCE/INFORMATION MAP INVITATION PHRASE
Their fingers are walking IS YOUR AD TALKING?

 

/

(Format for Letter of Covering Letter)

 

Date Dr., Mr., Ms. Title Company, Institution Address Dear Sir/Madam: State your reason for writing. You will either inquire whether any positions are available or you will say which position you are applying for. If you are applying for a specific position identify the source of the information (a person, a newspaper, including date, etc.) Describe your educational background and professional experience. Focus on those things from your resume that best relate to the position you are applying for. Say you are enclosing your resume and/or other supporting material. State your willingness to provide more information and to be interviewed. Thank them for their consideration. Say you look forward to hearing from them. Yours faithfully, (signature) Your name Address Phone Enclosure -, -, - , / -, -! . , - , , . , (, . .)   . , , . , / . . . , .   ()

 

:

With reference to your advertisement in "Kiev Post" of Tuesday, January 10, I would like to apply for the position of... in your company. - 10 , , ... .

I recently heard from... that there is a vacancy in your sales department. ... .

I am used to working on my own. .

I appreciate the opportunity to work on my own initiative and to take on a certain amount of responsibility. , .

During training for m present job I took courses in marketing. , , .

Since m present position offers little prospect for advancement, I would prefer to be employed in an expanding organization such as yours. , , .

I am at present earning... per month. ... .

Thank you for offering m the post/position of... , ...

I have pleasure in accepting this position. .

I am looking forward to commencing work on September 1. 1 .

 

:

I regret to inform you that I am unable to accept the position, since I have received another, more attractive one. , , , .

I feel that m experience in this field would not be used to its full capacity in above position. Therefore I have to decline. , , .

 

.

: Yours truly*, Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully.

, , , . , , . , , , . :

Diana Price

David Bradly

Managing Director,

pp (per procurationem, .) , -.

.

 

-

(Inquiry)

- (inquiry; enquiry) , :

(goods)-,

, (availability of goods)',

(delivery dates),

terms and discounts), (method of transportation), (insurance);

(prices of goods);

(catalogues) (, samples of goods), . .

- (to give full details), .

, , :

1. .

2. .

3. .

4. .

. . , -, , , , , .

-

(Sample Inquiry Letter)

Pet Products Ltd.

180 Exeter Road

EX4 4JY London

England

25th February, 1997

Dear Sir,

We read your advertisement in the Pet Magazine of 25th December. We are interested in buying your equipment for producing pet food. Would you kindly send us more information about this equipment:

price (please quote CIF Odessa price)

dates of delivery

terms of payment

guarantees

if the price includes the cost of equipment installation and staff training.

Our company specializes in distributing pet products in Ukraine. We have more than 50 dealers and representatives in different regions and would like to start producing pet food in Ukraine. If your equipment meets our requirements, and we receive a favorable offer, we will be able to place a large order for your equipment.

Your early reply would be appreciated.

Yours faithfully,

V. Smurov Export-Import Manager

 


-:

. 1:

We read your advertisement in... ...

With regard to your advertisement in... of..., we would ask you... ... ... ...

We have heard of your products from... ...

We have seen your current catalogue showing... , ...

. 2:

We are interested in buying (importing, etc.)... ( . .)...

Please inform us (let us know) as soon as possible... ...

Would you please inform us if it is possible to deliver , ...

Please let us know what quantities you are able to deliver till... , , ...

Could you let us have a quotation for... , , ...

Would you kindly quote your prices and terms of delivery (terms of payment, etc.) for... He ( . .) ...

We would like to have further details about... ...

We would like to represent your products in the Ukrainian market. .

Please send us samples of... (your catalogues, leaflets, etc.) , ... ( , . .)

. :

As distributors we have a large network of,.. ...

In connection with this... ...

We are distributors (importers, retailers, etc.) of... (, . .)...

We would like to get in touch with manufacturers (suppliers, sellers, etc.) of... (, . .)...

There is a large market here for your products. .

For over... years our company has imported from western countries... , ... ...

Our company was founded in... ... .

We usually effect payment by letter of credit (cheque, bank transfer, etc.). (, . .)

. 4:

If your prices are competitive (the samples meet the standards, your equipment complies with our requirements, etc.) we may be able to let you have regular orders. ( , . .), .

We look forward to your early reply. .

Your prompt answer would be appreciated. .

Lexical minimum 2

- Let me tell you about our company. As you know, Mr Klimenko, we produce agricultural equipment. Our firm consists of 6 departments: Production, Sales, Export, Financial, Personnel and Research & Development. The last one is the newest at the company. It was created five years ago... We are managed by the Meeting of the Shareholders and the Board of Directors. Earlier the Chairman of the Company was one of the senior partners, but now it is Mr Rogers, as you know. Currently we employ about 1, 600 people. Our turnover is more than £300 million. You will work with our Export Department. We export our equipment to 5 countries. We also have two subsidiary companies in Holland and Germany with headquarters in those countries.

----- Are they your subsidiaries or branches?

They are our subsidiaries. Each company trades under its own name. We are looking for new partners in Eastern Europe as well, as we would like to expand our activities. Thats why Mr Cartwright went to Kiev to establish personal contacts with your company. Have you read all our correspondence with your Director?

Yes, I think so. We investigated your business proposal thoroughly.

Have you got our price-lists and catalogues with you now or shall I ask Miss Elliot to bring a copy?

Thank you, but I have them with me as well as copies of your letters. I expect to make the Draft Contract here, maybe by the end of this week, and to conclude the Contract with you after discussing it with my Director by phone.

All right. Let us get down to business. Today and tomorrow we were going to talk about terms of payment and delivery.

Right. And the day after tomorrow well be talking about packing and transportation.

Then I plan to go to London for three days. As you know, there will be an exhibition. Will you join me?

Yes, with pleasure. It would be very helpful for the purpose of my visit.

I hope so. And after that youll have enough time for a visit to our factory and to go sight-seeing!

That suits me fine. I expect to submit the Draft Contract to my Director by fax not later than next Wednesday

 

company, firm, group, organization, corporation, association ; , -,
department 1) , ; 2) , , : factory department ; 3) ,
production , , ; mass production , production and consumption , : productive , ; productivity
Sales : : salesgirl , sales representative , sales manager . .; to be on sale ,
Export ; export policy . : import
financial ; financial (fiscal) year () ;
turnover 1) ; turnover of capital . 2) ; labour turnover
research ; Research Institute - . R & D (Research & Development)
development , , , ; developer . London developed into a great city. .
subsidiary company , / . : subsidiary, affiliate
Meeting of Shareholders (Stockholders)
Board of Directors (). board : keyboard
correspondence , .
business proposal . : offer. propose (to offer) smth to smb - -
contactDraft (of) Contract , . to contact to get in touch.
Branch ,
to join , . joint account , joint, stock company , joint venture

 

Training exercises

 

, .

Inquiry # 1 (extract from telex)

PLEASE SEND YOUR CATALOGUE AND CHARGE MY AMEX # 667589980 EXPIRY DATE AUGUST 15, 19 , REGARDS HANSON, JOHNSON OIL, BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA

YOUR REPLY (by telex): Thank you for your inquiry. We are sending you our catalogue. We have debited your American Express card $50 US. The $50 will be discounted from your purchase. Please get in touch with me (name) if you have any queries.

 

Inquiry # 2 (extract from letter)

Please quote you best DDP (direct delivery price) and shipping date for 10 screen protectors, as advertised in High Life magazine. As far as we know there are no restrictions on importing these into Japan.

:

 





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