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Look through the following vocabulary notes which will help you understand the text and discuss the topic.




UNIT 1 MANAGEMENT AND THE ORGANIZATION

Getting started

All human activities take place within a structured social system or organization. This is true whether it be a family, a city, a business or a church. Many of these organizations have a formal structure, the purpose of which is to make it possible to achieve the objectives of that organization. Within that, formal structure there is a group of people who plan, organize, direct, and control the day-to-day operations of the organization the managers.

Management is that group of activities undertaken by managers. It can also be defined as a social process entailing responsibility for the effective and economical planning and regulation of the operations of an enterprise in the fulfilment of a given task or purpose.

In this unit, we will look at how managers act today and consider some organizational characteristics, which are present in every organization.

Discuss the following points.

1. Could you describe a family, a city or a church as a structured social system or organization?

2. Define the concept of management the way you understand it.

Look through the following vocabulary notes which will help you understand the text and discuss the topic.

activities ,
peripheral activities
structure
structured, well-structured ()
a formal structure
to achieve objectives/goals
to attain objectives/goals
to plan
to implement a plan
planning
to organise
organising ( )
organization
line and staff organization -
organization chart
a matrix organization
to direct ,
directing
to control ,
controlling , , , ,
to undertake smth/doing smth ,
economic
economical
to fulfil/complete a task
to entail smth
to enable smbd to do smth - -
to unify
interconnected/interrelated
a department
a unit
a division
a line department
a rule
a regulation ,
to govern
to operate a department
personnel , ,
staff ,
human resources
to bring together
a function
to function
to perform a function
to create ,
creativity
communication
communication networks
communications channels
to coordinate
to motivate
to review plans
to train staff
hierarchy
hierarchical
emphasis ,
senior management
middle management
supervise ,
supervisor
supervisory management
time horizon
horizontal relationships
a schedule of work
to delegate
delegation
a subordinate
monetary incentives
span of control ,
chain of command ,
authority ,
job rotation
job description
enlargement
enrichment
to overcome
resistance
to measure smth against smth
a budget
to budget /
budgeted results
to deviate from
skills
interpersonal skills
division of labour
chief executive ,
chief accountant
distribution manager
cost accountant
internal auditor
advertising manager
sales manager
market research officer
behaviour patterns
team approach
teamwork
accountability
to be accountable to smbd /
a conflict ,

Reading

Management a Unifying Resource

Any organization has a role or objective. In private business that would be to produce and offer for sale a product or service, in order to maximise profit and the wealth of the shareholders. In order to do so the organization must have a structure - an interconnected system of departments and units, together with a set of operational rules and regulations governing their work. To operate these departments will need the appropriate plant and equipment and above all the personnel to operate the system. The decisions as to how this system be structured and operated, and for what purposes, are made by managers. Management is, therefore, best seen as a unifying resource, bringing together resources (people, materials, machines and money) in order to achieve the objectives of the organization.





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