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2011

 

811.111 (058)

 

..., .. .

 

: / .. . : - , 2011. 58 .

 

. , .

 

 

1-2 , . .

 

() ( 2 10 2011 ).

 

.., 2011

, 2011

  to be There + to be to have ing/ed to do to make  

 

Pronouns

, .

( ) ( ) (?) (?) ( / , )
I me my mine myself
we us our ours ourselves
you , you , your , yours , yourselves/ yourself
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it () it its its itself
they them their theirs themselves

:

1) , .. , , :

He gave me an apple. . ( ?)

She thinks about me. - . ( ?)

They saw me at the university yesterday. . ( - ?)

2) : his name ( ), her desk ( ).

, : This is the friend of mine. . His book is on the table, and mine is in the bag. , .

3) / , , /:

He saw himself in the mirror. - .

She cut herself when she was cooking. - , .

, , , .. (he), himself, (I), myself:

I usually cook dinner myself. .

He usually cooks dinner himself. .

 

:

to wash to dress
to bathe to hide
to shave to relax

 

   

, , :

He washed, dressed and left the house. , .
Hide behind the tree. .

. : to feel, to behave . :
. feels good.
, . behaved like a child.

Demonstrative Pronouns

this - / that - / these - those -

:

1) this/these , , that/those .

2) / , , this/these, that/those:

Do you see the white house at the end of the street? My brother lives in that house. ? .

I usually work in this room. .

3) this/that one :

Will you give me another book? I dont like this one. - . .

to be

(, , , )

, , .. , , , , . , , .., .

, : / 30 / , , : / , .

, , he was late ( ).

, , . :

 

Past Indefinite/Simple / Present Indefinite/Simple / Future Indefinite/Simple /
  +   - not   ?(.)   +   -   ? (. )     + will be   - will not be   ? (.) will be
:   + Yes,   - No, not   :   + Yes,   - No, not   :   + Yes, will   - No, will not
was were - am is - // are - ///    
: was not = wasnt were not = werent : I am = Im He is = Hes We are = Were   : Will not = wont He will = hell
- .- (?/?), .

There +to be

1. , , , , , - - .

2. - to be - there, to be , :

Past Indefinite/Simple / Present Indefinite/Simple / Future Indefinite/Simple /
  +There   - There not   ? there     +There   - There not   ? there     + There will be     -There will not be   ? will there be
+ Yes, there .   -No, there not. + Yes, there .   -No, there not.   + Yes, there will.   -No, there will not.

 

3. :

There to be ,
There is a book on the table. - .

 

4. :

There To be No ,
There is no lamp on the table. .
There To be Not , ( , )
There are not any chairs in the room. .

 

5. to be , .

to be / There ,
Is there a book in the bag? ? Will there be a car at the door tomorrow? ?

 

6. :

Yes, there to be ( ) Yes, there is.
No, there to be ( ) not No, there is not.

 

7. , .

There is a box under the bed. .

 

, :

The box is under the bed. .

 

8. some/any/many/.

There are many children in the park. .

 

9. , .. , (: ), , , .

10. 'there is/are' 'and' . , There is a TV, a refrigerator, an electrical stove and a radio in our home" (..), .

 

Prepositions

on opposite
in (?) in front of
into (?) behind ,
under in the middle of
above , on/to the left of /
at () on/to the right of /
near , between
close (to) , from , ,
next (to) , , out ,
far (from) () to
here towards
round ,    
after for
before with ,
at about
about    
nearly ,    

 

To have

to have

to have , :

 

1. , . ( -).

I have a house. - .

2. , . to 1 .

I had to get up early yesterday. .

3. . 3 . to have .

I have just written the letter. .

to have

I. to have , , ( - - ). Continuous.

II. Indefinite/Simple.

 

Past Indefinite/Simple / Present Indefinite/Simple / Future Indefinite/Simple /
  + had   - did not have     ? (. ) did have   +   - not have   ? (.) have     + will have     - will not have   ? (. ) will have
  - not ? (. )    
  - no ( )  
+Yes, did   - No, did not. +Yes,   - No, not. +Yes, will   - No, will not.
  have has , , do does , ,  

 

III. to have. .

 

1. Present Indefinite , . Past Indefinite .

 

Past Indefinite/Simple / Present Indefinite/Simple /
+ had   +   - not (no)   ?  
+ She had a dog. .   + We have a new car. . - We have not a watch. / We have no watch. . ? Have we any good books? - ?  

 

not no , no , , not - , .

 

2. Present Indefinite got ( ), .

 

  + got   - not got   ? got   + She has got a camera. .   - She hasnt got any flowers. .   ? Has she got a house? ?  

 

 

3. ( ) , Future Indefinite.

Past Indefinite/Simple / Present Indefinite/Simple / Future Indefinite/Simple /
  - did not have   ? Did have     - not have   ? have     + will have - will not have ? will have
We didnt have your telephone number. . Doesnt he have a good dictionary? ?   We will have a new car soon. - .  

 

IV. have : He has a dog. .

 

V. - . .

I didnt have dinner yesterday. .

He doesnt have a rest. .

Continuous.

 

Plural

:

1. + s

dog +s =dogs

, s [z], , [s].

2. , : s, sh, ss, ch, x, z, + es, , [is].

bush+ es= bushes

3. , + es

tomato + es= tomatoes

: photo () photos, piano () - pianos

4. , y . y i + es = ies

city- cities

y , s

day + s= days

5. , f(e) - s, f v = ves

leaf - leaves

wife -wives

:

chief- chiefs (-), safe-safes (-), roof- roofs (-)

6. :

man- men / tooth-teeth
woman-women foot-feet
goose-geese ox-oxen
child-children sheep-sheep
mouse-mice deer-deer
swine-swine    

 

7. , :

  (- tea) (- music) (- air) (- sand, - sugar) , , (- snow, -cheese, -bread)
- measles
- billiards
, ics, -mathematics
, - news, - means, advice, money, - hair

 

8. , :

- spectacles, - trousers
people, police, - government
(, , ) - the helpless, -the poor

 

9. , - , : a piece, a sheet (, ):

piece of paper , a sheet of iron-

10. , :

few ;   little ;
a few ; ;   a little ; ;
    some / ( , , some, , : Will you have some biscuits? - He ?)    
    any ( /, )    
several      
many   much
    a lot of (+ )    
    lots of -    
    plenty of ;    

 

Possessive Case of Nouns





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