.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





:

.

,

.

( ).

().

()

;

:

() .

,

-.

pq I

q I.

:

Σ

Σ

=

0 0

1 1

P q

P q

I pq,

.

pq I ,

( )

.

(pq I - 100) , %

.

, .. Δ =Σ ⋅ −Σ ⋅ 1 1 0 0 p q p q pq,

, ..

.

,

9.1. 9.1.

2001-2002 .

,

.

1.,

. .

.

.

.

.

0 0 p ⋅ q 1 1 p ⋅ q 0 1 p ⋅ q 1 0 p ⋅ q

1000 1200 18 20 18000 24000 21600 20000

2000 2500 15 16 30000 40000 37500 32000

2000 1500 10 10 20000 15000 15000 20000

- - - - 68000 79000 74100 72000

0 0 p ⋅ q - 2001 ,

1 1 p ⋅q - 2002 .

100 116,2%.

0 0

1 1 = ⋅ =

= Σ

Σ

P q

P q

I pq

2002

2001 _______ 1,16

16,2%,

Δ = 79000 − 68000 = 11000 pq . .

:

() ;

.

,

, .

,

, .. .

, ,

,

.

,

q I.

.

,

()

:

Σ

Σ

=

0 0

1 0

Q p

Q p

Iq.

,

()

.

Σ ⋅ 1 0 q p

;

Σ ⋅ 0 0 q p - _______ .

(−1 q I) , %

.

Δ =Σ −Σ ⋅ () 1⋅ 0 0 0 q p q p pq

() .





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