-Cdk4,6 | |
-Cdk 2 | |
-Cdk 2 | |
-Cdk 1 (MPF) | |
6.7.2.6. :
G1 - | |
S - | |
G2 - | |
6.7.3.1. .
6.7.3.2. .
:
- | -ң ғ қ өң ғ ң | Interphase the stage of the life cycle of a cell between to sequential mitotic divisions |
(G1)- , , , . | ң (G1)-ң ү ң ө ү, қ құң,Қ ү қң ү ң | Pre-synthetic period (G1) the period of interphase during which a cell actively grows, new cytoplasmic structures are formed, and active synthesis of proteins and various RNAs occurs. |
(S) , . , . | ң (S)- Қ . ә Қ ң ә ұ ң | Synthetic period (S) the period of interphase during which synthesis of DNA takes place. As a result of replication of DNA each chromosome becomes double-chromatid. |
(G2)- , : , , , . | ң (G2)- ң ө қ ң: қң , қ қ ө қ құ қ қ ө ұғң үң ү ү ң | Post-synthetic period (G2) the period of interphase during which preparation for division occurs: active synthesis of proteins, accumulation of energy, formation of structures participating in divisions, including threads of mitotic spindle microtubules. |
- . , . | - ә қ ө ғ ң. ғ ғ | Interkinesis the period between the first and second meiotic divisions. In contrast to interphase, DNA is not replicated in interkinesis, i.e. chromosomal material is not doubled. |
- , | -ң ө ң өң ү ң ө | Karyokinesis division of the cellular nucleus which occurs during cell division before division of the cytoplasm. |
. | - қ ң ө | Cytokinesis division of a cell into two daughter cells during telophase of mitosis or meiosis. |
, | ң ү ә, ң ө ә | Meiosis type of division of sex cells resulting in formation mature haploid gametes |
( .-. μείωσις ) ́ ́ | (. ө μείωσις ) қ ө - ң ң ң ө | Meiosis I(from Greekμείωσις for reduction) reduction division of cell division of the nucleus with two times reduction of the number of chromosomes. |
( . aequatio ) - , ( ). | (. ө aequatio ң) қ ө- -ң ү (ғ)ң ө | Meiosis II(from Latinaequatio equation) second meiotic division when separation of chromatids (like in mitosis) occurs. |
ң | Haploidy reducing by half of number of chromosomes | |
ң ү | Gametogenesis process of formation and development of sex cells | |
, | ғң ө қ | Gamete mature, specialized cell taking part in sexual reproduction of organisms |
() | қ ң (ұқң) ү ү | ogenesis process of forming mature female sex cells (eggs) |
() | қ ң (ң) ү ү | Spermatogenesis process of forming mature male sex cells (spermatozoa) |
I | - ң қң ә - ң үң | Recombination of genes origin of new combination of parent genes resulting from crossingover of chromosomes during meiosis I |
, , . | қ ң ө қ ә ө ғ өң қ қ қ ққ ү . ұ | Mytotic cycle complex of interrelated, genetically determined events in cell during preparation to division and division. Consists from interphase and mitosis. |
() | ң (ө) ө | Proliferation division (reproducing) of cells by mitosis or meiosis |
- , | -ң ө | Mitogens factors stimulating cell division |
- , | -ң ө ө | Mitogens factors stimulating cell division |
, , , , | , , , ң қ ө қ ә | Cyclins, kinases, MPF, APC proteins and complexes regulating passing of cell during mitotic cycle |
- | ү өң ұ ү ү | Check points a point at which the process of division is tested for its correction. |
53 , | 53 қ қ қ | P53 protein transcriptional factor which regulates mitotic cycle. |
, | ң ғғ, қ ө | Apoptosis programed cellular death, physiological death of cells |
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8
6.1. : .
6.2. :
- : , , , , , .
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6.3. :
-
-
-
- ,
-
- .
6.4. :
6.4.1. , , .
6.4.2. . .
6.4.3. .
6.4.5. .
6.4.5. , .
* 6.4.6. .