() . .
, , .. - , W max. :
hν = + W max, (1.47)
, (hν < 0,51 ),
m 0v2 max
W max = , (1.48)
m 0 ; 0 v max - .
(hν > 0,51 ) W max
(1.49)
m .
, , (vmax = 0). (1.47)
hν 0 = h / λ0 = , (1.50)
ν 0 λ0 "" . , ""
ν0 = / h.; λ0= h / , (1.51)
, .
,
W max = eU . (1.52)
U .
. λ = 430 . , .
. :
hc 6,63∙10-34 ∙∙3∙108 /
ε = = - = 4,97∙10-19 =
λ 430∙10-9
4,97∙10-19
= = 3,1 ().
1,6∙10-19
, 0,51 , .. (1.48).
(1.47)
c m 0v2 max
h --- = + .
λ 2
"" :
λ0 = 640 .
(1.51)
= h / λ0.
|
|
. 0 , , . , , . λ, . λ, < 1
. r(λ), dλ. . r (λ,) ( r (ν,) :
(1.53)
- , :
R = σ T 4, (1.54)
R = W / St = N / S , (); W N -- , S t; σ = 5,67 ∙10-8 /2∙ 4 - -.
-
R = λ,∙σ T 4. (1.55)
(1.53).
( ) :
λmax = b / T, (1.56)
λmax -- , ; b = 2,89∙10-3 ∙ -- . .
:
r (λ,) = ´ / 5, (1.57)
r (λ,) - ; ´ = 1,30∙10-5 /(2∙5 ).
. N 0 = 1 . S = 252 1200 . , , , . , ?
. N (1.54):
N = R S = σ T 4 S;
N = 5,67 ∙10-8 /2∙ 4 ∙(1200)4∙2510-4 2 = 293,9 .
Δ N = N - N 0.
Δ N / N 0= (N - N 0)/ N 0;
Δ N / N 0 = (1000 - 293,9 )/ 1000 = 708,1/1000 = 0,71 = 71 %
,
ν = / λ ( - )
(1.56)
|
|
ν = T / b;
ν = 3 ∙108(/) ∙1200/2,89∙10-3 ∙ = 12,5∙1013 .
( ) :
h
Δλ = λ´ - λ = ----- (1 - cosθ) = λc(1- cosθ) = λc sin 2θ. (1.58)
m 0 c
λ λ´ - ; Δλ - ; θ- ; m - ( ); h - ; - ; λc = h/ m 0 c - , 2,43 . .
. ε = 0,750 60˚. , , :
1) ε´;
2) W e .
. , .
1) , :
h 6,63∙10-34 ∙∙3 ∙108 /
λ = -----; λ = --------------------------------- = 1,675∙10-12 = 1,675 .
ε 0,750∙106∙1,6∙10-19
(1.58) :
Δλ = λ´ - λ = λc(1- cos60˚);
Δλ = 2,43(1 - 0,5) = 1,215 .
,
λ´ = λ + Δλ; λ´ = 1,675 +1,215 = 2,890 = 2,890∙10-12 .