1. Present Perfect , , , , : E.g.
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Present Perfect , , . , Present Perfect Past Simple. (, , , , ..). E.g.
Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat,
Where have you been? What did you see there?
Ive been to London I saw a little mouse
To look at the Queen. Under her chair.
Present Perfect , , . e.g. I have broken my pen.
Present Perfect just, ever, never, already, yet, before, recently, lately, e.g. She has just missed being run over. Have you heard of him lately?
Present Perfect today, this week, this month, this year, this morning .., . e.g. This year we have taken only one assistant. (This year is not over.) He has not received any letters from her this week. (This week is not over.)
Past Simple: e.g. I met him this morning. (It is no longer morning.)
, Past Simple , when, how, where, . e.g. When did you actually arrive? Where did I leave my pen? How did they get here?
2. Present Perfect , . Present Perfect Progressive. Present Perfect Non-Progressive :
) , Continuous (to be, to have, ho know, to love .): e.g. I have loved her since she was a child. He has known her for two years.
) Present Perfect Present Perfect Progressive , : e.g. We have not sat here for ages. She has not written to me for a year.
Present Perfect , , (for an hour, for many years, for a long time) , (since June, since 1917). since Past Simple, , : e.g. He has lost over 10 kilos in weight since he started that diet.
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3. Present Perfect , after, when, as soon as, until (till), before, if .. Present Perfect , , : e.g. After I have read the book, I shall give it to you. We shall start at five oclock if it has stopped raining by that time.
4. Present Perfect :
) They have made it! (= They have succeeded)
) I have had enough. (= I am fed up. I dont want to do any more)
) Now you have done it! (= You have done something seriously wrong)
) You have had it! (= You are in trouble)
Exercise 1. Complete the dialogues using the present perfect form and one or more of the time expressions from the box. Do it according to the following scheme:
| ever, never, often, before, (three / several) times, this year, in the last few days, the first time |
Student A: Student B:
1. A: Do you often come to this disco?
B: No, this is
2. A: How do you know you way around the town so well?
B: Oh, I
3. A: Do you think its warm enough to swim in the sea yet?
B: Oh yes. I
4. A: Does your brother drive carefully?
B: No, not at all! He !
5. A: Does it normally rain here in summer?
B: Not usually, but
6. A: Youre a very good darts player. Do you play a lot?
B: No, ! Its just beginners luck, I suppose.
7. A: How many times to a pop concert?
B: ! My parents wont let me. But I classical music concerts.
Exercise 2. Write sentences using the Present Perfect and a superlative degree of an adjective. The words in the box will help you.
Student A:
1. His exam marks are terrible. They .
2. This book is really boring. Its .
3. That basketball player is enormous! Hes .
4. Of course I think youre beautiful, my darling! You .
5. My new pullover only cost $5! It .
6. The children are really enjoying the holiday. It .
7. The temperature today is 38º. It .
Exercise 3. Use the notes below to write dialogues. Make up the last few dialogues yourself. Do it according to the following scheme:
Student A: (hold snake?)
Student B: (yes-two)
Student A: (where?)
Student B: (pet shop-garden)
1. A: (helicopter?)
B: (no)
A: (aeroplane?)
B: (yes)
A: (where?)
B: (Australia)
A: (what do?)
B: (uncle)
2. A: (read Murder on the Orient Express?)
B: (yes)
A: (like?)
B: (super)
A: (see film?)
B: (yes)
A: (like?)
B: (boring)
3. (find any money?)
4. (pop concert?)
5. (bitten by dog?)
Exercise 4. Paraphrase the statements below using the Present Perfect. The words in the box will help you:
Their house is now pink! They .
1. They havent got a car any more. They .
2. His dog is missing! It .
3. They now own their own house. They .
4. Your spelling of accommodation isnt right. You .
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5. I have to go and have an injection. A dog .
6. I havent any money left! I .
Exercise 5. Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect (affirmative, negative or interrogative). Use your imagination:
Student A: Student B:
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1. A: Go and have a wash.
B: !
A: Well, your face is still dirty.
2. A: What did your parents say about your exam results?
B: I yet. Im too frightened!
3. A: Can I copy your geography homework?
B: Wait a few minutes. I .
4. A: ?
B: No, the shops arent open yet. Ill buy some later.
5. A: Im sorry. I !
B: It doesnt matter. I dont like cake anyway.
6. A: ?
B: Of course not! I never take your things without asking!
7. A: bath?
B: She couldnt. There wasnt any hot water.
Exercise 6. Expand the following notes into dialogues. Do it according to the following scheme:
Student A: (shopping?) Student B: (forget list)
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1. A: (eat all sandwiches!)
B: (sorry, hungry)
2. A: (why not buy present for Lucy?)
B: (not enough money)
3. A: (paint bedroom black!)
B: (sale in paint shop-paint very cheap)
4. A: (why no haircut?)
B: (shop closed)
5. A: (not finish homework!)
B: (boyfriend phone)
6. A: (someone take new cassette!)
B: (not me!)
7. A: (why not go on holiday?)
B: (dad lose plane tickets)
8. A: (find pen?)
B: (yes, in pocket)
Exercise 7. Use a verb and a time expression from the box and add a second sentence:
| know have be able to be want been allowed to | for since | ages a long time a short time a few days was a boy / baby was 2 / 12 / years old |
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1. Hes a good friend of my fathers. Dad .
2. At last mum and dad are going to America. They .
3. Sue hasnt got used to the school yet. She (only) .
4. She . In fact, I think she could ski before she could walk!
5. Marjorie is 18 but she isnt allowed to go to a disco! I !
6. I dont really know how the computer works. I (only) .
7. My little sister has only just discovered that Santa Claus does not exist but my little brother .
Exercise 8. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect:
Student A: mum not drive car since have accident
1. Dad much healthier since buy bicycle.
2. William not eat meat since work on farm last summer.
3. Not go out with other girls since know my girlfriend.
4. My brother much nicer to me since become priest.
5. Since Derek buy computer not go out with friends.
6. My sister live in Wales since get married.
7. We very sad since dog die.
8. My English teacher much better teacher since go to America.
Exercise 9. Use the Present Perfect or the Past Simple:
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1. I originally (to study) physics at University and I (to graduate) with a first-class degree.
2. I cant believe that you (to eat) three pizzas already! I only (to bring) them in fifteen minutes ago!
3. I (not to apply) for a job with your company before.
4. Im writing in connection with the advertisement which (to appear) on December 3.
5. The package (to arrive) safely yesterday?
6. We still hold meetings in the old house, which (to stand) on the same spot for over two hundred years.
Exercise 10. Use the Present Perfect or the Past Simple in questions in the following dialogue:
A: Are you a soldier by profession?
B: Yes.
A: How long you (to be) in the army?
B: Twenty-five years.
A: When you (to join) the army?
B: In 1932.
A: Where you (to serve) during the war?
B: First on the territory of the Ukraine, then in the Far East.
A: You (to see) much fighting in the Ukraine?
B: A good deal.
A: How long you (to remain) there?
B: For over a year.
A: Why you (to be) sent to the Far East?
B: I (to be) wounded.
A: What sort of wound it (to be)?
B: A bullet through the shoulder.
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A: How many times you (to be) wounded during the war?
B: Three times.
A: They (to be) serious wounds?
B: Rather.
A: When you (to be) wounded last time?
B: In 1945.
Exercise 11. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
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1. . .
2. . , - .
3. . !
4. . , .
5. , .
6. ? ?
7. ? . .
8. ? .
9. - ? , .
B. Present Perfect Progressive
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Present Perfect Progressive to be Present Perfect (have been, has been) (Present Participle) : I have been walking, he has been walking, you have been walking.
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| I have been walking He (she, it) has been walking We have been walking You have been walking They have been walking | I have not been walking He (she, it) has not been walking We have not been walking You have not been walking They have not been walking | Have I been walking? Has he (she, it) been walking? Have we been walking? Have you been walking? Have they been walking? | Have I not been walking? Has he (she, it) not been walking? Have we not been walking? Have you not been walking? Have they not been walking? |
