, , . ( ), , , . ,
N , ;
Pi i -ro (i = 1, 2,..., N - 1, N).
(.. 1 = 2 == N = )
k -. k = 2 (Bit binary digit). , . , .
, -, . 23 = 8 , . 28 = 256 , , . - .
, - . 1 = 1024 = 210, 1 = 1 048 576 = 220. , 1 = 210 = 220 = 223 , 1 = 210 = 220 , 1 = 210 = 213 , 1 = 210 . , 103, 106.
, 1 .
, , , . , , , . , (, , , ).
, , , , (-, ), . , , , , , .