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1. Wittgenstein L. 1980. Culture and value. Winch P, translator; Wright QHv, editor (with Nyman H). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 27e. Translation of: Vermischte Bemerkungen.

2 a) Goodwin B. 1994. How the leopard changed its spots: the evolution of complexity. New York and London: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 1 -76; b) Kauffman SA. 1993. The origins of order: self-organization and selection in evolution. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press; c) Waldrop MM. 1992. Complexity: the emerging science at the edge of order and chaos. New York and London: Touchstone Books, Simon and Schuster,

3. , , ; ., : Trott R. 1993. Duane Gish and InterVarsity at Rutgers. Creation/Evolution 13(2):31. , . .

4. : a) Nordenskiold . 1942. The history of biology: a survey. Eyre LB, translator. New York: Tudor Publishing Co., pp. 316-330. Translation of: Biologins historia; b) Singer C. 1959. A history of biology to about the year 1900: a general introduction to the study of living things. 3rd rev. ed. London and New York: Abelard-Schuman, pp. 296-300.

5. . : Landman OE. 1991. The inheritance of acquired characteristics. Annual Review of Genetics 25:1-20.

6. . : Provine WB. 1985. Adaptation and mechanisms of evolution after Darwin: a study in persistent controversies. In: Kohn D, editor. The Darwinian heritage. Princeton, N.j.: Princeton university Press, pp. 825-833.

7. CM.:MilnerR. 1990. Slade Trial (1876). The encyclopedia of evolution: humanity's search for its origins. New York and Oxford: Facts on File, pp. 407,408.

8. Grene M. 1959. The faith of Darwinism. Encounter 13(5):48-56.

9. Singer, p. 303. (note 4b).

10. 6- .

11. a) Waddington CH. 1957. The strategy of the genes: a discussion of some aspects of theoretical biology. London: Ruskin House, George Alien and Unwin, p. 65; b) Eden M. 1967. Inadequacies of neo-Darwinian evolution as a scientific theory. In: Moorhead PS, Kaplan MM, editors. Mathematical challenges to the neo-Darwinian interpretation of evolution. The Wistar Institute Symposium Monograph No. 5. Philadelphia: Wistar Institute Press, pp. 5-12; c) Peters RH. 1976. Tautology in evolution and ecology. The American Naturalist 110:1-12.

12. ., , a) the symposium volume edited by Kohn (note 6). Also: b) Mayr E. 1982. The growth of biological thought: diversity, evolution, and inheritance. Cambridge and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, pp. 626, 627; c) Maynard Smith J. 1989. Did Darwin get it right? Essays on games, sex, and evolution. New York and London: Chapman and Hall.

13. : Sagan C. 1977. The dragons of Eden: speculation on the evolution of human intelligence. New York: Ballantine Books, p. 28.

14. : Keeton WT. 1967. Biological science. New York: W. W. Norton and Co., p. 672.

15. Jukes TH. 1990. Responses of critics. In: Johnson PE. Evolution as dogma: the establishment of naturalism. Dallas: Haughton Pub. Co., pp. 26-28.

16. a) Cairns J, Overbaugh J, Miller S. 1988. The origin of mutants. Nature 335:142-145; b) Opadia-Kadima GZ. 1987. How the slot machine led biologists astray. Journal of Theoretical Biology 124:127-135. : ) MacPhee D. 1993. Directed evolution reconsidered. American Scientist 81 -.554-561.

17. a) Edey MA, Johanson DC. 1989. Blueprints: solving the mystery of evolution. Boston, Toronto, and London: Little, Brown, and Co., pp. 125,126; b) Mayr E. 1970. Population, species, and evolution: an abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Rev. ed. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, pp. 181,182,

18. Erwin DH, Valentine JW. 1984. Hopeful monsters," transposons, and Metazoan radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 81:5482, 5483.

19. Ambrose EJ. 1982. The nature and origin of the biological world. Chichester: Ellis Horwood, Ltd., and New York and Toronto: Halsted Press, John Wiley and Sons, p. 120.

20. Grasse P-P. 1977. Evolution of living organisms: evidence for a new theory of transformation. Carlson BM, Castro R, translators. New York, San Francisco, and London: Academic Press, p. 88. Translation of: L'Evolution du Vivant.

21. Hoffman A. 1989. Arguments on evolution: a paleontologist's perspective. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 87-92.

22. KerkutGA. 1960. Implications of evolution. Oxford and London: Pergamon Press, p. 157.

23. .: Wise KP. 1994. The origins of life's major groups. In: Moreland JP, editor. The creation hypothesis: scientific evidence for an intelligent designer. Downers Grove, III.: InterVarsity Press, pp. 211 -234.

24. : Provine, pp. 842-853 (note 6).

25. Huxley J. 1943. Evolution: the modern synthesis. London and New York: Harper and Brothers.

26. Gould SJ. 1982. Darwinism and the expansion of evolutionary theory. Science 216:380-387.

27. .

28. Provine, p. 862 (note 6).

29. Patterson C. 1978. Evolution. London: British Museum (Natural History) and Ithaca: Cornell University Press, p. 143.

30. Goldschmidt R. 1940. The material basis of evolution. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.

31. Taylor GR. 1983. The great evolution mystery. New York: Harper and Row, p. 5.

32. Lovtrup S. 1987. Darwinism: the refutation of a myth. London, New York, and Sydney: Croom Helm, p. 35233. 8- .

34. Bethell . 1985. Agnostic evolutionists: the taxonomic case against Darwin. Harper's 270 (1617; February):49-52, 56-58, 60, 61.

 

 





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