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1. .. . . .: , 1989
2. .. . - , 1984
3. .. - .: , 1990
4. .. . - .: 1983
:
1.
2.
3. .
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1. .
:
1. .
2. ()
3. .
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5. , .
6. .
7.
, , :
1. ( , 1000 ) ../.
2. t - , ../.
3. .
4. (t ) t
5. r (t ) t .
, , 5 t - , - - .
2.
. Q(t) , , .
Q(t) ≤ 10 - 6
, N ,
|
|
Q(t) ≤
t :
(t ) ≥ 1 -
3. :
1.
2.
3. .
4.
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. () t .
10. ( ) .
11. , , .
12. :
-
- ,
4. .
.1 . 10 . 1,2 ( 1) ( 2). - (), , : , , , , . ( 3) ( 4). ( 5) ( 6), 8 ( 7). , ( 10). , ( 9) ( 5) . 5-6-8-9 , . , . . , - (). , .
- ():
- , , , ();
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- ();
- .
. 1.
, (, ..), , , , .
, , :
- ;
- ;
- () .
5.
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
1 , , , . , , , . , 1.
1.
, i | , ٨ 0 10 - 6,1/ | |
1. | 5,433 | |
2. | 5,871 | |
3. | 6,116 | |
4. | 4,214 | |
5. | 6,491 | |
6. | 4,15 |
2 , , . , , , . .
2.
i | i = ij | ||||
0,8 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,2 | 0,96 | |
1,2 | 1,3 | 1,1 | 1,0 | 1,72 | |
1,5 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 1,0 | 2,16* | |
1,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |
1,0 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,5 | |
1,0 | 1,2 | 1,0 | 1,2 | 1,5 | |
=1,46 |
3 () , . , , , . . 10-20 . , . . 1 .
|
|
3.
i | , . . | , . . | , . |
1,5 | 0,5 | 2,0 | |
2,0 | 1,0 | 3,0 | |
1,0 | 1,5 | 2,5 | |
3,0 | 0,5 | 3,5 | |
0,5 | 2,0 | 2,5 | |
0,3 | 3,1 | 3,4 |
, , , , (t ).
6. .
1.
:
i = i, i = 1 - 6 (1)
, i = 0,8 1,0 1,0 1,2 = 0,96 (. .2). i = 2 - 6. .2. - . (. .2)
=
, , , .
2.
٨ ip :
٨ i p = ٨ i i; i = 1- 6 (2)
٨ i - (. .1). , i = 1
٨ i p = ٨ i i = 5,433 10-6 0,96 ≈ 5,22 10-6, 1/
i = 2 - 6, 4.
3. .
(3)
.4.
4. .
(4)
4. ٨ i p gi
٨ i p = ٨ i i 10 - 6, 1/ | g i = ٨ i / ٨ | |
1 | 5,22 | 0,1077 |
2 | 10,1 | 0,2084 |
3 | 13,21 | 0,2726* |
4 | 4,21 | 0,0869 |
5 | 9,74 | 0,2011 |
6 | 5,976 | 0,1233 |
5. .
(5)
≈ , , .
6.
. (6)
7. g1
gi = ; i = 1- 6 (7)
.4. , i = 1
gi = (8)
g i i = 2- 6, (. - .4).
|
|
(9)
i - , .
8. io gi
io
io = g i i, i = 1 - 6 (10)
, i = 1
io = gi i = 0,1077 2,0 = 0,215,
i, i = 2 - 6
, 25%
9.
(11)
gi, ,
(12)
.5
5.
i | Tij = gi Ti, | gi = Tio/To |
1 | 0,215 | 0,0783 |
2 | 0,625 | 0,2276 |
3 | 0,681 | 0,2480 |
4 | 0,304 | 0,1107 |
5 | 0,502 | 0,1828 |
6 | 0,419 | 0,1526 |
10.
(13)
(14)
, =0,999
11. t
, - , , t = 3 .
٨ t << 1,
(t ) = -λ t ≈ 1 - λ t ≈ 1 Q(t ) (15)
, =1
Q(t) ≈ λ t ≈ 48,46 10-6 3 . ≈ 1,4538 10 - 4 ≈ 0,00014538 (16)
, =1
(t) ≈ 1- Q(t) ≈1 - 1,4538 10 - 4 ≈ 0,9998 (17)
, (t) =0,9998
12. t
r (t) = r (t) ≈ 0,999 0,9998 =0,9988 (18)
13. , r
Q(t ) ≈ 1 - (t) = 1 - [ ( ) + (t ) ] = 1 - [ λ ( + t ) ] ≈ 1 - [ 48,46 10-6 (2,746 +3) ] ≈ 2,7868 10 - 4 (19)
, (t) - , r
() - , r;
(t ) - , =1
14. Q (t) Q (t)
, N ( ), N = 2( - .) , :
Q ≤ = 0,5 10 - 6 (20)
Q - .
Q Q (t)
Q (t) 2,7868 10 - 4
Wg = ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ = ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ = 553 (21)
Q 0,5 10 - 6
: , .