. ; -
( -
2). : (H
C ≡ N:) - (HN ≡ C:); 25◦ C 0,5%
-, - . -
( , -
).
, ,
. -
( ). . -
; , -
, , . HCN
-
. . 2027, 2037, 2123−5, 8396.
:
: :
BMA: :
2C + H2 +N2 = 2HCN ( 1800◦ C).
CO+NH3 = HCN+H2O
Mr = 27, 03; d = 0, 699(22); t = −13, 3◦ C; t = +25, 65◦ C.
1. HCN(.)+H2O(.) H3O+ +CN−; pK = 9, 31,
HCN(.)+2H2O NH+4 +HCOO−.
2. HCN + NaOH(.)= NaCN+H2O.
3. HCN + NH3 H2O(.) NH4CN + H2O (.).
4. HCN() +H2O+H2SO4(.)= CO+NH4HSO4.
5. HCN + 4H0(Zn, . HCl) = CH3NH2.
6. 4HCN + 5O2 = 4CO2 + 2N2 + 2H2O ( ),
4HCN + O2 = 2C2N2 + 2H2O (150◦ C, . Ag).
7. HCN() +Cl2 (CN)Cl +HCl,
2HCN() +Cl2 = C2N2 + 2HCl (. ),
HCN + H2O+Cl2 = HOCN+2HCl (. Al2O3).
8. 2HCN + 5HClO = 2CO2↑ +H2O+N2↑ +5HCl.
9. 2HCN + NO2 = C2N2 +NO+H2O (.).
. . :
CN− ( ) d-. .
; , (Hg(CN)2), . :
, , , :