a) Model. Moscow is the capital of Russia.
Is Moscow the capital of Russia? Yes, it is.
Moscow is the capital of Russia, isnt it?- Yes, it is.
1. Russia is the worlds largest country in area.
2. The climate in Siberia is continental.
3. It is warm in the south.
4. The head of the state is the President.
5. The head of the government is the Prime Minister.
6. There are different climatic zones in Russia.
7. There are abundant natural resources in our country.
b) Model. Russia borders on many countries.
Does Russia border on many countries?
Russia borders on many countries, doesnt it?. Yes, it does.
1. The Russia Federation extends from the Arctic Ocean to the Baltic Sea.
2. The President appoints the ministers.
3. The government works in Moscow.
4. Moscow attracts tourists from all over the world.
5. The federal government consists of three branches.
IX.. Make up questions the answers to which will be words in italics. The words in brackets will help you.
1. Russia is located in Europe and Asia (what).
2. Natural resources include large deposits of gas, coal, and iron ore (what).
3. The President appoints the ministers (who).
4. You can see lowlands on its territory (what).
5. The red colour symbolizes the liberty on the Russian flag (what).
6. About 70 per cent of the people prefer to live in cities, towns and their outskirts (how many).
7. Moscow was founded in 1147 (when).
8. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea (where).
. Ask the questions to the underlined words.
1. Russia covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia.
2. The Russian Federation borders on Finland, China, Korea.
3. The largest mountain chain, the Urals separates Europe from Asia.
4 The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean.
4. Russian forests are concentrated in the European north of the country.
5. The legislative power in Russia is exercised by the Duma.
6 The Russian Federation produces machines, airplanes, ships, TV sets, refrigerators and other things.
7. The depth of Lake Baikal is 1600 metres.
8 In the middle of the country the climate is continental.
9. The President controls only the executive branch.
10. The population of the country is over 140 million people.
11. Eighty per cent are ethnic Russians in our country.
I.. Put the verbs in brackets into the right form:
1. I (to be) a citizen of the Russian Federation.
2. The Russian Federation (to occupy) about one seventh of the Earth surface.
3. The Russian Federation (to border) on fourteen countries.
4. It (to have) a sea border with the USA.
5. The highest mountains in our land (to be) the Altai, the Urals, the Caucasus.
6. Our country (to have) a multiparty system.
7. The Black sea (to be) a very popular place for people who (to prefer) to spend their holidays at the seaside.
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8. As for me, I (to visit) a lot of places in my country.
II. Make up as many words as you can by combining different parts of the words.
differ -ent - ment
continent - ence - dom
govern - al
in- free
education - ful
region
use
III. Try to match up the adjectives in column A with the nouns in column B
to form meaningful phrases.
A B
1. large a) territory
2. total b) deposit
3. official c) stripes
4. wide d) emblem
5. different e) zones
6. natural f) resources
7. russian g) flag
8. vast h) grasslands
9. horizontal i) language
10. national j) area
IV. Decide which of the verbs on the left collocate with the nouns on the right
to border deposits
to o include ministers
to appoint the city
to restore tourists
to attract countries
V. Divide the following words into tree groups, those which describe a) surface, b) climate, c) flag
Surface, cold, warm, grasslands, stripes, highlands, summer, lakes, rivers, to symbolize, mountain chains, plains, continental, mild, forests, freedom, sky, national symbol, climatic zones, low-lands, two-headed eagle, to separate.
VI. Find the words which have the similar meanings as the following words (synonyms).
The biggest, territory, whole, different, a lot of, plentiful, to contain, towns, liberty, to ruin, nice, famous, centre.
VII. Find the words which have the opposite meanings to the following words. (antonyms).
Lowlands, narrow, in the south, hot, small, majority, vertical, black, to restore, weaker, above, agricultural.
VIII.. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. .
2. , .
3. .
4. , , , .
5. : , -, , , .
6. .
7. : , .
8. .
9. , , .
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10. .
11. , , , .
12. .
13. , , .
14. .
I. Read and translate the following dialogue.
Memorize and dramatize the dialogue.
Act out similar dialogues according to the information in the text.
A. Hi, Dima! You have come at last. Glad to see you.
B. Hi, Max! Glad to see you too.
A. Have you prepared for your History classes?
B. Yes, I have. We should have prepared texts about the state system of the Russian Federation.
A. You are absolutely right. But I was busy yesterday and didnt manage to prepare the material. Will you be so kind as to tell me about it in brief?
B. Certainly. Dont worry. It is not too complex. Hope, that you do know who is at head of our country.
A. Naturally. The President, who is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He also appoints ministers in the government.
B. Thats fine. Do you know what branches the federal government consists of?
A. I wish I knew.
B. You see, the federal government includes three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislative power is realized by the Federal Assembly, which consists of two chambers:the Upper Chamber, The Council of Federation, and the Lower Chamber, the State Duma. The executive power belongs
A. Oh, sorry for interrupting you. I do know about it. It belongs to the Government, which is headed by the Prime Minister.
B. Good for you. And the judicial power is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, and the regional courts. Thats all.
A. I dont know how to thank you.
B. Not at all. It was a real pleasure for me to do it.
XX. Act as an interpreter.
The History of Russia.
A conversation between a Russian student and an American student is taking place in the library.
A. , . ?
J. Hi, Andrew. You see, I am reading a book on Russian history.
A. . .
J. You are absolutely right. It helps me to understand better your peoples customs and traditions.
. - .
J. I agree with, but it is too complex.
. ? ?
J. To tell the truth, I havent quite got why in the 18th century French became the official language in your country.
A. , 18
J. I see. It was during the reign of Catherine the Great, a period, which was characterized by the great cultural growth.
A. , .
J. Well, the 20th century was difficult for Russian history.
A- , .
XXI. Do you know?
1. the biggest Russian lake?
2. The longest Russian river (in European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation)?
3. A city with subtropical climate?
4. Cities with arctic climate?
5. Agricultural regions?
6. Old historical cities?
7. Places of recreation and tourism?
XII. Speak on the following topics:
1. The geography and scenery of Russia.
2. Climate and mineral resources.
3. The political system of Russia.
XXIII. Discuss the following proverb together with your friend, and say if you agree with it.
There is no place like home.
XXIV. Arrange role-plays on the following subjects. Be as imaginative as you can.
1. At the Tourist Agency in Russia.
2. You are a guide to a foreigner.
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Test.
1. Choose the proper words and fill in the blanks.
1. We are proud the country.
A in B of C on D to
2. rivers include the Volga in Europe, the Yenisei, the Ob, the Lena in Asia.
A abundant B national c major D total
3. The greatest of natural gas are located in Siberia and the Far East.
A mineral B concentrate C deposits D plains
4 The city was restored after the Tartar invasion.
A especially B densely C naturally D gradually
5 St Basil's Cathedral has many
A eagles B domes C chambers D counts
6. The power is realized by the Federal Assembly.
A executive B judicial C legislative D federal
7. The Upper chamber of the Federal Assembly is called the of Federation.
A Duma B Council C Court D State
8. AT the end of the 18th century the Russian aristocracy the European clothes and speech.
A approved B appointed C adopted D destroyed
9. The period, when Catherine the Great , was characterized by the great cultural growth.
A reigned B adopted C ruined D restored
10. Now we can easily travel abroad, enjoy of speech and religion.
A abundant B wealth C court D freedom
Additional text.
Moscow.
Vocabulary.
historian -
to accept - ,
gradually -
powerful - ,
liberation -
tartar yoke -
united - ,
target - , ,
to destroy -
occupation -
ancient -
masterpiece -
architecture -
to blind -
mansion -
to reconstruct - ,
unique - ,
higher educational institution -
Names.
Ivan the Terrible -
Peter the Great - ϸ (ϸ I)
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St Basils Cathedral -
the bell Tower of Ivan the Great -
the Tzar Cannon -
the Tzar-Bell - -
Barma and Postnic -
the Pushkin Museum -
the State Tretyakov Gallery -
the Andrey Rublev Museum
of Early Russian Art
Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre -
Mikhail Glinka of Museum Culture -
the Bolshoi Opera House -
Moscow.
Moscow is the capital of Russia, its political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. It was founded 8 centuries ago by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Historians have accepted the year of 1147 as the start of Moscows history. Gradually the city became more and more powerful. In the 13th century Moscow was the centre of the struggle of Russian lands for the liberation from the tartar yoke. In the 16th century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the capital of the new united state. Though Peter the Great moved the capital to ST Petersburg in 1712, Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleons attack. Three-quarters of the city was destroyed by fire during Napoleons occupation, but by the mid-19th century Moscow had been completely restored. After the October revolution Moscow became the capital again.
Now Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world. Its total area is about nine hundred square kilometers. The population of the city is over 8 million.
Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. The heart of Moscow is Red Square. It has more historic associations than any other place in Moscow. The Kremlin and ST Basils Cathedral (Vasily Blazheny) are masterpieces of ancient Russian architecture. The main Kremlin tower, the Spasskaya Tower, has became the symbol of the country. On the territory of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, the Palace of Congresses, the Tzar- Connon and the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the world. St Basils Cathedral was built in the mid-16th century in memory of the victory over Kazan. There is a legend that Ivan the Terrible blinded the architects Barma and Postnic, because he didnt want them to create another masterpiece.
There are a lot of beautiful places, old mansions, cathedrals, churches and monuments in Moscow. Now Moscow is being reconstructed and we all hope that in a few years the city will become even more beautiful.
There are more than 80 museums in Moscow. The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery. Other unique museums in Moscow include the All-Russian Museum of Folk Arts, the Andrey Rublev Museum of Early Russian Art, Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre Museum, Mikhail Glinka Museum of Musical Culture and many others.
Moscow is famous for its theatres. The best-known of them is the Bolshoi Opera House. Drama theatres and studios are also very popular.
Moscow is a city of students. There are over 80 higher educational institutions in it, including several universities.
Moscow is the seat of the Russian Parliament (the Duma) and the centre of political life of the country.
I. Answer the following questions.
1. When was Moscow founded?
2. Is there a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky in Moscow? Where is it?
3. When did Moscow become the capital?
4. In 1712 the capital was moved to St Petersburg, wasnt it? When did Moscow become the capital again?
5. Was ancient Moscow a big city? Whats total area of modern Moscow?
6. Whats the population of Moscow?
7. What places of interest in the centre of Moscow do you know?
8. What do you know about St Basils Cathedral?
9. What can you see on the territory of the Kremlin?
10. What are the most famous Moscow museums? (art galleries?)
11. What theatres in Moscow do you know?
12. What is your favorite place in Moscow?
Translate into English:
1. , .
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2. , .
3. , .
4. (bury) .
5. , .
6. 15 17 .
7. (settlement), (to be fortified) .
8. - (decline).
9. , .
10. 1147 .
St Petersburg.
Vocabulary.
swampy -
mouth - ()
ruler -
empire -
rapidly -
to lay out -
harmonious -
equal - ,
to rename -
to suffer -
to lay siege to -
starvation -
shelling -
air raid -
to catch smb's eye - ,
arm -
artistically -
Names.
Peter the Great - ϸ (ϸ I)
the winter palace -
St Isaacs Cathedral -
the Admiralty -
St Petersburg.
St Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It was founded in 1703 by Peter the Great as the Window on the west. Thousands of workmen were brought from all parts of Russia to build a new city on the swampy land at the mouth of the Neva River. Peter the Great was in a hurry. The work was fast and hard, and workmen dropped dead by the hundreds. But the work went on.
St Petersburg, a city of great beauty, with places, cathedrals, churches, governments buildings became the capital. Under later rulers the new capital of the Russian Empire grew rapidly in wealth and beauty. Architects were brought from western Europe to lay out the city in harmonious squares. Buildings were constructed of Grey and rose-coloured granite. The Hermitage Palace and the Winter Palace, the homes of the tzars, were equal to any in Europe.
When the First World War began in 1914, the German-sounding name, St Petersburg, was changed to Petrograd. After the October Revolution the city was renamed after Lenin.
During the Great Patriotic War the city suffered a great deal. The German armies laid siege to it in 1941, and for the next year and a half it was cut off from the rest of country. No food could be brought in, and people died of starvation. Daily shelling and air raids destroyed parts of the city. Thousands of people were killed. Rebuilding took years.
Now St Petersburg is an important industrial, cultural and educational centre. The population of the city is over 5 million.
St Petersburg is indeed a wonderful city: at every turn there is something to catch your eye. The Winter Palace, the Hermitage, the Russian Museum, St Isaacs Cathedral, the Peter-and-Paul Fortress, the Admiralty building attract thousands of tourists from every corner of the world.
Petersburgs many museums house some of the worlds most famous art collections. The Hermitage, for example, contains the richest collections of pictures in the world.
The city is called the Northern Venice because there are 65 rivers, arms and canals there with artistically decorated bridges. Its also famous its beautiful white nights.
Answer the questions
1. Have you ever been to St Petersburg?
2. Is St Petersburg as old as Moscow?
3. Who was the city founded by and when did it become the capital of the Russian Empire?
4. Peter I thought that Moscow looked provincial in comparison with the capitals he had visited and decided to build a magnificent city equal any European capital. Did he succeed?
5. How many times has the city been renamed and why?
6. Did the city suffer a great deal during the Great Patriotic War?
7. What is St Petersburg famous for?
8. Have you ever been to the Russian Museum?(the Hermitage?)
9. What other places of interest in St Petersburg do you know?
10. Why is St Petersburg called the Northern Venice?
Translate into English.
1. - , , 1703 .
2. , .
3. (under) , .
4. - .
5. - : 1914 , , 90- .
6. (siege), .
7. .
8. , - .
9. - .
10. .
Role-play.
Arrange an excursion about Moscow and St Petersburg.
. .
I .
, .
: , , -.
, , .
.
.
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.
1. .. : , --, 2002
2. .. : , , 2005.
3. .. : , 1997.
4. .. : , , 1995.
