(Kt) (n)
(Kt) (n) Û x × Kt z + + y × n z .
ꠠ
.
= 
(g + [Kt z + ]) x × (g [n z ]) y, (46)
+, ; g + , g ; [Kt z + ], [n z ] , /3.
, , . (46)
= [ Kt z + ] x × [n z ] y. (47)
. .
: , .
() - , , . , < , .
[Kt z + ] [n z ] L (/3)
[Kt z + ] = x × L; [n z ] = y × L. (48)
[(Kt) (n) ] = (x × L) x × (y × L) y; (49)
L = 
. (50)
1. , 0,024 /3.
F2↓ Û 2+ + 2F . (48)
[2+]= L; [ F ]= 2× L.
(47)
(F2) = [2+]∙[ F ]2 = L ×(2 L)2 = 4× L 3 = 4 × (0,024)3 = 5,53 × 10-5.
2. 25 0,1 3 0,005 0,3 3 0,002 , (AgI) = 1,1×10-16?
AgNO3 + KI = AgI↓ + KNO3,
Ag+ + I = AgI↓.
[Ag+] = 0,005 /3; [I] = 0,002 /3.
|
|
|
[Ag+] = 
= 
= 1,25∙10-3 /3;
[I] = 
= 
= 1,5∙10-3 /3 .
(47) ()
(AgI) = [Ag+]×[I]= 1,25∙10-3 ∙1,5∙10-3 = 1,88×10-6.
AgI,
(AgI) > (AgI).
3. ( ) / /, , [3(4)2] = 6,3 10-39.
3(4)2↓↔ 32+ + 2 
, (47)
[3(4)2] = [2+]3 [ ]2.
(48)
[2+] = 3× L; [ ] = 2× L.
(50) L = 
/.
2(3(4)2) = 602 /, , /
L = 602 9 10-9 = 5,42 10-6 /.
[2+] = 3× L = 3 9 10-9 = 2,7 10-8 /;
[ ] = 2× L = 9 10-9 2 = 1,8 10-8 /.
4. , 1 0,1 [Ag(NH3)2]NO3, 1 :
) 1×105 r; ) 1×105 I.
. [8]
([Ag(NH3)2]+) = 5,9 108; (AgBr) = 5,3 1013; (AgI) = 8,3 1017.
[Ag(NH3)2]NO3 [Ag(NH3)2]+ + NO 
.
[Ag(NH3)2]+
([Ag(NH3)2]+) = 
.
[NH3] ≈ 2 (NH3) = 1 /, , .
,
[[Ag(NH3)2]+] ≈ 2([Ag(NH3)2]NO3) = 0,1 /.
Ag+
[Ag+] = 
/.
Br , AgBr (AgBr)
[Br ] = 
/.
([Br ] = 8,98×105 /3) ([Br ] = 1×105 /3), .
I, AgI
[I] = 
/.
([I ] = 1,41×108 /3) ([I ] = 1×105 /3),
[Ag(NH3)2]NO3 + 2I = AgI↓ + NO3 + 2NH3.
