I. , .
[ I, e, æ, ʌ, ɒ, ʊ, ə]; [i:, α:, u:, ə:, ɔ:]
;
(), ,
().
: () ,
() ;
beat, bit, bet , bead, bid, bed.
[ ɪ ] [] ; , [];
s i t, h i s, i n.
[e] [] , ,
;
dr e ss, b e d, m e n.
[æ] ; , [],
, ;
[]; , [] [];
- c a t, b a d, m a n.
[ ʌ ] , ;
[] , ;
- b u t, c u p, r u n.
[ ɒ ] , ,
; [] , ,
;
- h o t, wh a t, w a nt
[ ʊ ] [], ;
p u t, g oo d, b oo k.
[ ə ] ; ,
[] ;
a go, fath er, comm o n.
[ i:] ,
; [] , ;
s ee, ch ee se, m ea t.
[ α:] ; ,
;
ar m, c ar, p ar k.
[ ɔ:] , ,
; [o] ;
s aw, a ll, s or t.
[ u:] a , ,
; [] ;
t oo, f oo d, bl ue.
[ ə:], [:] , ; [] ;
h er, f ir st, w or k.
[ e ɪ ] [e] [ ɪ ]; ;
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d ay, th ey, br ea k.
[ a ɪ ] [a] [ ɪ ]; ;
m y, s i de, h igh.
[ ɔɪ ] [ ɔ ] [ ɪ ];
b oy, s oi l, n oi se.
[ əʊ ] [ ə ] [ ʊ ]; [ ə ]
[ ə: ], , , ;
; ;
n o, sh ow, h o me.
[ a ʊ ] [a] [ ʊ ];
[a]; ,
; ;
h ow, t ow n, m ou th.
[ ɪə ] [ ɪ ] [ ə ]; ;
b eer, n ear, h ere.
[ e ə ] [ e ] [ ə ]; [ e ]
[] ( ); ;
h air, c are, th ere.
[ ʊə ] [ ʊ ] [ ə ];
p oor, s ure, t our.
[a ɪ ] [a ʊ ] [ ə ].
[aɪə] [a ɪ ] [ ə ]; [ ɪ ]
[j];
f ire, l iar, iro n.
[aʊə] [a ʊ ] [ ə ]; [ ʊ ]
[w];
s our, fl ower, t owe l.
C
[ b ], [ d ], [g], [v], [ð], [z], [ʒ], [ dʒ], [m], [n], [ŋ], [l], [r], [j], [w]
[p], [t], [k], [f], [θ], [s], [ ʃ ], [ ʧ ], [h]
:
1. , , ;
2. [k], [p], [t] , ;
3. [e], [ ɪ ], [ i: ];
4. ;
5. ;
6. [t], [d], [s], [z], [l], [n] (
).
[ b ] [];
b ut, b ig, b est.
[ d ] []; [d]
;
d og, d ay, d oor.
[ f ] [], ;
, ;
f ew, f it, f eel.
[ g ] [];
g et, g o, g ive.
[ h ] , ;
, ;
h e, h ill, h air.
[ j ] [];
y es, y ou, y ear.
[ k ] []; ;
c at, k ind, q ui ck.
[ l ] [], ;
|
|
l eg, l ike, l ook.
[ m ] [];
m an, m e, m ilk.
[ n ] , []; ,
;
n o, n ew, n iece.
[ p ] [], ;
p en, p ut, p lease.
[ r ] ; [],
, ;
r ed, r eal, r oot.
[ s ] []; ;
s it, s ame, s o.
[ t ] [], ;
[t] ;
t op, t ea, t ime.
[ v ] [], ;
v oice, v ery, v iew.
[ w ] ; ,
, ;
; ;
w e, w hat, w ill.
[ z ] []; [z]
;
z oo, ea s y, ro z e.
[ ʃ ] [], , ,
;
sh e, sh all, sh op.
[ ʒ ] []; ,
;
deci s ion, plea s ure, u s ual.
[ θ ] ; , []
; ,
;
th in, th ree, th rough.
[ ð ] ; , []
; ;
th is, th ere, th at.
[ ŋ ] ; [ŋ]
, ,
; ,
[ɡ];
ri ng, so ng, wro ng.
[ ʧ ] [], ; ; ;
ch ip, ch eese, ch ild.
[ d ʒ ] [] , . . [ʒ] ;
; ;
j ar, j am, g in.
:
- -S/-ES ;
- -'S ;
- -S/-ES 3- .
[ız] - [s], [z], [ʧ], [ʤ], [ʃ]
messages [mesɪʤ ɪ z ]
surfaces [sə:fɪs ɪ z ]
recognizes [rekəɡnaɪz ɪ z ]
washes [wɒʃ ɪ z ], Marss [mɑ:z ɪz ]
teaches [ti:ʧ ɪ z ]
[ s ]
skeptics [skeptɪk s ]
plates [pleɪt s ]
Earths [ə:θ s ]
types [taɪp s ]
[ z ]
cubes [kju:b z ]
levels [level z ]
clothes [kləʊð z ]
lasers [leɪzə z ]
- ED
[ d ] , [d]
called [kɔl d ]
described [dɪs´kraɪb d ]
decayed [dɪ´keɪ d ]
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[ t ] , [t]
washed [wɒʃ t ]
knocked [nɒk t ]
discussed[dɪ´skʌs t ]
[ ɪ d ] [d] [t]
calibrated [kəlɪ'breɪt ɪd ]
translated [trænz´leɪt ɪd ]
heated [hi:t ɪd ]