XVIII. Sometimes the text can be presented in a form of a scheme. Here you can see an example of one kind of the text presentation. This process is called mind-mapping. This mind-mapping is based on the paragraph about the Niagara Falls.
NIAGARA FALLS
LOCATION FEATURES STRUCTURE
| Between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario | It plunges into the limestone, which is broken off in huge blocks. | It is divided into two parts: the lesser falls on the American side, the great fall is on the Canadian side. |
XIX. Do the mind-mapping about the waterfalls that are described in the text. Speak on a waterfall using your mind-map.
XX. Read the text on pp. 47-49 Erosion and Natural Scenery. Find the English equivalents for the following Russian expressions:
a. ., , ;
b. ;
c. ;
d. ;
e. ;
f. ;
g. , .
XXI. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian:
a. Running water has been the master sculptor of the ages.
b. It is the work of weathering and erosion that gives us the endless variety of mountain sculpturing, and much of the charm of all natural scenery.
c. Tributary gorges branch out from either side.
d. As rain water falls through the atmosphere it picks up carbon dioxide.
e. This weak acid is capable of very slowly dissolving calcium carbonate as it makes its way in limestone rocks.
f. Limestone is a permeable rock.
g. Large underground caves are formed and a great variety of passages reaching on and on, up and down, in and out.
h. If you were to enter a cave in a limestone area, you could probably hear the sound of water dripping from the roof.
VOCABULARY
NB!!! Make sure you know the pronunciation and the meaning of the following words:
Dissolve
Release
Soak up
Water cycle
Distribution
Rainfall
Pollution
Transpiration
Infiltration
Evaporation
Precipitation
Springs
Transportation routes
Marine animals
Tributary
Drainage basin
River course
Rivers mouth
Wear down
Straight course
Widen
Flatten out
Fertile floodplains
Break down
Waterfall
Cataract
Igneous rock
Subsequent erosion
Scenery
Traverse
Permeable rock
