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, , . 20 . , , , , ( . ).
. . . 1618 . . (, , 1694, . , 1755) (, , . .). . . . Ē 1765, ( ) . , . , ( ). 18 . . - (. . , . ) . 19 . : (. ), (. , . ), . . (1897), . 20 . , , (. , . , . , . ), , ( , , , ). , , . (1952).
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, , (. leksis, leksicos , ; logos ). , () . . , - general lexicology, , , , . (special lexicology) , , , . , , , , .
, . . , - . , (. descriptive lexicology). , , (historical lexicology) .
, (contrastive lexicology). , .
, . , . , , , , . . /, hut/ heart , [dl], [ŋ], [Θl], [h] [w]. , , , carian ur, . , , , .
, , arm arms (arms and hands; coat of arms); genius genii, geniuses; open (open the door; the open door). , (We are going there tomorrow We shall go there Gone today, forgotten tomorrow), , We are going there now, . . . , . sculan ( shall), .
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, , , . , father dad , , , ( dad, father).
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3. ? , .
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5. , (casual free and easy; to begin (smth) to get (smth) under way; etc.). , , . , .
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, . , , [1]. , . , - ; , . , , , . , , , . , . . , , , () (,1987, . 13). . . , 3 : (will work, an egg), (worked, eggs) , . . (work, egg) (,1989, . 32).
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. , haerfest, , autumn . (season for) reaping and gathering in of grain or other products.
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knave. cnafa boy, servant (. . Knabe). , unprincipled man, rogue. . layer layered. . , 60- . XX . (layered hair styles introduced by Vidal Sassoon), (the layered look big skirts with tight pants, tiers of fabric, one color on top of theother). , (, ), . : They never fired anyone either. They just put a super-whatever on top. When they put somebody else in below, they call it sandwiching (Safire, 1993, p. 181).
, , . , - .
. , . , mo ( camouflage): a colour combination and pattern resembling the camouflage garments of soldiers and their equipment. mouse. , , , address, behaviour (pleasing address) , .
, - , , ()- . , . box: 1) kinds of small evergreen shrub, esp. one with small leathery leaves, much used in garden borders (L. buxus); 2) receptacle of wood, cardboard, metal, etc. (L. buxum boxwood); 3) slap with hand ( ). , , , .
, , , ,
[1] . . . . : ... - ... , , , ... (, 1994, . 8). . . , (, 1992)
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19 20 . (. . , . . , . . ), (. . , . . , . . ), .
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. . . . . , ( , , , , ). (90‑ . 19 .) , .
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, , , , , (. . , . . , , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . ); (. . , . . , . . , . . , . . ). (), - (), (). ,
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, .
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ʻ : Are you OK? ?, : ?, , ? ?
. , , , .
, , do, have , (, ) , , that wil ldo, that wont do, I can do without you, , , . - , : , : That will do for today. enough , , that wontdo , I can do without you , .
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howdoyoudo , , howdoyoudo, , .
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