. . . : .
. .
. 1: 4.23; . 2: 4.24.
2. , .
. . . . .
. 1: 4.23; 4.24.
:
[3, . 71-85]
.
, . () . , .
.
, .. m M Z :
mv1 r1 + M v2r2 = nħ (1)
r1 r2 .
mr1 = Mr2 (2)
,
mv1 = v2 (3)
(4)
(5)
, :
(6)
(2) (1):
mv1(r1 + r2) = nħ
m2 v2 1 (r1 + r2)2 = n2 ħ2
(4)
m v2 1 (r1 + r2)2 = kZe2r1
m = r1 = . (2) r2 = r1 (7)
r1 + r2 = r1 =
,
E = ,
m/M .
, , (7) .
3. .
1. .
. . . , , . .
. 1: 10.71, 10.66, 10.68 . 2: 17.61.
2. .
. . .
.
. 1: 10.70, 10.72. . 2: 18.66.
3. .
. . . . . . . - .
. 1: 11.74, 11.82, 11.83.
[3, c. 231 269, 271 286]
.
, , , , .
|
|
, .. ( ) .
.
.
( ):
A = Z + N,
Z ( ), N - .
:
dN = - l Ndt, N = N0e-l t,
dN , dt;
N - , t;
N 0 (t = 0);
l - .
, t:
DN = N N = N(1--lt).
Dt, , 1/2, :
DN = lNDt.
:
1/2 = 1n2/l = 0.693/l.
t , .. , :
t = 1/l.
N , :
N = mNA/M.
m ;
M ;
NA .
:
A = -dN/dt = lN, A = lNoe-lt;
dN dt;
.
:
= /m.
:
) N1 N2 λ1 λ2 .
N(t) = N1 + N2 ;
) .
, .
N1(0) = N10; N2(0) = 0. N1 (t) = N10 ,
N2 (t) = ( - ).
, .. λ1 N1 (t) + λ2 N2 (t).
:
Dm = Zmp + (A - Z)mn m ,
Z ( );
( );
mn ;
m ;
( - Z) .
:
= Dm.2,
Dm ;
.
: = 931Dm, Dm ...; 931 (1 ... ~ 931 ).
( ) , - . . : , , .
- , ( , , ). : , , , , , , .
|
|
- , 200 ( ) , = 1 ( ) =0 ( ).
() , . ( -), , . .
, , . . , , ( ), .
, , . .
W+, W- Z0- , , . , . W+ W- - , Z0 .
. 10-12 . .
. , . 10-16 . . , , , . .