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1.
2. 1. () GPS. NMEA 0183
3. 2. GPS
4. 3. ᒺ NMEA-0183 ᒺ
5. 4. ᒺ
6. 5. GPS-
7. 6. GPS-
8. 7. , GPS-
9. GPS
1
: () GPS.
NMEA 0183
: NMEA-0183
ճ :
1. .
2. NMEA-0183 .
3. .
4. ϳ .
5. .
|
|
|
NMEA-0183
NMEA . ³ Global Position System (GPS) . , GPS , ASCII (American standard code for information interchange), . $GP, <CR><LF>. , *. 8 (XOR), , $ *, *. ASCII (0-9, A-F). GPS (, 14- GGA), .
NMEA 2.1
$GPGGA. GPS , , , , HDOP ( ), .
$GPGSA. (GSA Global Satellites ). GPS , , , $GPGGA.
$GPGSV. (GSV Global Satellites in View ). , , , / .
$GPZDA. UTC (Universal Coordinated Time, ), , , .
(GPGGA)
1
| $GPGGA, | ., | ., | x, | ., | X, | X, | X, | X.X, | X.X, | , | X, | , | X.X, | XXXX | *XX |
1. .
2. ( + ).
3. ϳ/ϳ (N/S).
4. ( + ).
5. / (E/W).
6. GPS :
0 - ;
1 - GPS , ;
2 - GPS , , ;
3 - GPS , .
7. ʳ , (00-12, ).
8. (HDOP).
9. / .
10. , .
11. - WGS-84 (). - - .
12. , .
|
|
|
13. GPS - SC104 1 9 , , .
14. , , ID, 0000-1023.
15. ( ).
ʳ ( ) (DGPS - Differential GPS). . (), , . , , , . , .
:
$GPGGA,192651.9,5026.8383,N,03027.5195,E,1,06,1.3,124.2,M,,,,0000*00
2
| ϳ/ϳ (N/S) | / (E/W) | GPS | ʳ | (HDOP) | / | , , ID | |||||||||
| . | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) | ( ) | |||||||||||
| 51. 9 | 26. 8383 | N | 27. 5195 | E | 1.3 | 124.2 | M |
11,12,13 .
(GPGSA)
GPS , , , $GPGGA .
3
| $GPGSA, | X, | X, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | X.X, | X.X, | X.X | *XX |
1. : M = , 2D 3D ;
A = , 2D/3D.
2. : 1 = ̳ , 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D.
3-14. PRN , ( ).
15. PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision ).
16. HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision - ).
17. VDOP (Vertical Dilution of Precision - ).
18. ( ).
GDOP (Geometric Dilution of Precision) , . , ( GDOP), , , ( GDOP).
HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision) ;
VDOP (Vertical Dilution of Precision) - ;
PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision) (
). PDOP, 4 , ( ), 5 8 - 9 - .
|
|
|
:
$GPGSA,A,3,01,02,03,04,,,,,,,,,2.0,2.0,2.0*34
4
| () | PRN | PRN | PRN | PRN | PDOP | HDOP | VDOP | ||
| A | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
7, 8, 9, 19, 11, 12, 13, 14 .
(GPGSV)
(SV), PRN , , /. , $GPGSV. .
5
| $GPGSV, | X, | X, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XXX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XXX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XXX, | XX, | XX, | XX, | XXX, | XX | *XX |
1. , 1 9.
2. , 1 9.
3. .
4. PRN .
5. , , (90 - ).
6. 0 359 ( N ).
7. ³ / 00 99 , - .
8-11. , 4-7, .
12-15. , 4-7, .
16-19. , 4-7, .
20. ( ).
:
$GPGSV,2,1,07,03,59,117,45,31,56,172,45,18,75,040,45,15,56,257,43*40
$GPGSV,2,2,07,14,40,312,39,17,54,056,36,28,34,143,*02
6
| 4-7 | 8-11 | 12-15 | 16-19 | ||||||||||||||||
| PRN | , , (90 - ). | 000 359. | ³ / 00 99 , - | PRN | , , (90 - ). | 000 359. | ³ / 00 99 , - | PRN | , , (90 - ). | 000 359. | ³ / 00 99 , - | PRN | , , (90 - ). | 000 359. | ³ / 00 99 , - | ||||
| *40 | |||||||||||||||||||
| *02 |
(GPZDA)
7
| $GPZDA, | ., | XX, | XX, | XXXX, | XX, | XX | *XX |
1. UTC (Universal Coordinated Time, ).
2. (01 - 31).
3. ̳ (01 - 12).
4. г.
5. , GMT (Greenwich Mean Time, ), 00 13 .
6. , GMT, .
7. ( ).
|
|
|
:
$GPZDA,172809,12,07,1996,00,00*45
8
| UTC | (01 31) | ̳ (01 to 12) | г | ( 00 12 ) | () | |
:
$GPZDA,111432.2,21,02,2001,,*52
CRC = 0x47 
0x50 
0x5A 0x44 0x41 0x2C 0x31 0x31 0x31 0x34 0x33 0x32 0x2E 0x32 0x2C 0x32 0x31 0x2C 0x30 0x32 0x2C 0x32 0x30 0x30 0x31 0x2C 0x2C = 0x52
: ASCII (. 9)
9
| 0x20-[ ] | 0x32-[2] | 0x44-[D] | 0x56-[V] |
| 0x21-[!] | 0x33-[3] | 0x45-[E] | 0x57-[W] |
| 0x22-["] | 0x34-[4] | 0x46-[F] | 0x58-[X] |
| 0x23-[#] | 0x35-[5] | 0x47-[G] | 0x59-[Y] |
| 0x24-[$] | 0x36-[6] | 0x48-[H] | 0x5A-[Z] |
| 0x25-[%] | 0x37-[7] | 0x49-[I] | 0x5B-[[] |
| 0x26-[&] | 0x38-[8] | 0x4A-[J] | 0x5C-[\] |
| 0x27-['] | 0x39-[9] | 0x4B-[K] | 0x5D-[]] |
| 0x28-[(] | 0x3A-[:] | 0x4C-[L] | 0x5E-[^] |
| 0x29-[)] | 0x3B-[;] | 0x4D-[M | 0x5F-[_] |
| 0x2A-[*] | 0x3C-[<] | 0x4E-[N] | 0x60-['] |
| 0x2B-[+] | 0x3D-[=] | 0x4F-[O] | 0x61-[a] |
| 0x2C-[,] | 0x3E-[>] | 0x50-[P] | 0x62-[b] |
| 0x2D-[-] | 0x3F-[?] | 0x51-[Q] | 0x63-[c] |
| 0x2E-[.] | 0x40-[@] | 0x52-[R] | 0x64-[d] |
| 0x2F-[/] | 0x41-[A] | 0x53-[S] | 0x65-[e] |
| 0x30-[0] | 0x42-[B] | 0x54-[T] | 0x64-[f] |
| 0x31-[1] | 0x43-[C] | 0x55-[U] | 0x64-[g] |
1
$GPZDA,111432.2,21,02,2001,,*51
$GPGGA,111432.0,5025.705,N,03031.035,E,1,06,1.29,00160,M,027,M,,*51
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,24,25,17,06,,,,,,,2.14,1.29,1.71*0F
$GPGSV,2,1,7,30,82,162,34,05,08,038,35,06,49,132,35,11,15,112,26*49
$GPGSV,2,2,7,24,41,056,29,25,32,300,39,17,09,196,34,,,,*45
$GPZDA,111610.2,28,02,2002,,*5A
$GPGGA,111610.0,5332.103,N,03051.031,E,2,04,2.54,00160,M,027,M,,*5F
$GPGSA,M,2,05,21,15,17,,,,,,,,,,3.80,2.54,2.83*26
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,45,04,07,038,26,05,48,132,29,10,16,112,*41
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,25,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,42*41
2
$GPZDA,111440.2,15,05,2001,,*57
$GPGGA,111440.0,5025.504,N,03031.035,E,1,06,1.29,00154,M,027,M,,*53
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,24,25,17,06,,,,,,,2.14,1.29,1.71*0F
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,82,162,33,04,08,038,,05,49,132,35,10,15,112,*40
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,29,25,32,300,40,17,09,196,35,06,66,261,41*4A
$GPZDA,111633.2,21,03,2002,,*52
$GPGGA,111633.0,5028.503,N,03057.017,E,2,04,2.55,00158,M,033,M,,*52
$GPGSA,M,3,07,24,17,06,,,,,,,,,3.82,2.55,2.85*0B
$GPGSV,2,1,8,14,81,159,,07,07,038,,06,48,132,34,10,16,112,*47
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,24,28,33,299,40,17,10,196,37,09,67,262,42*4E
3
$GPZDA,111512.2,16,06,2003,,*53
$GPGGA,111512.0,3124.611,N,02024.031,E,2,06,2.30,00154,M,026,M,,*5B
$GPGSA,M,3,30,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,3.52,2.50,2.48*02
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,82,161,31,04,08,038,,06,48,132,34,11,15,112,*41
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,,25,33,300,40,17,10,196,36,08,67,261,42*47
$GPZDA,111627.2,11,12,2005,,*52
$GPGGA,111627.0,5025.706,N,03031.037,E,1,04,2.55,00159,M,027,M,,*56
$GPGSA,A,2,05,21,14,03,,,,,,,,,3.82,2.55,2.85*04
$GPGSV,2,1,7,30,81,159,,04,07,038,,05,48,132,32,10,16,112,*41
$GPGSV,2,2,7,24,41,056,28,28,33,299,40,17,10,196,37,,,,*75
4
$GPZDA,111600.2,21,04,2003,,*51
$GPGGA,111600.0,5025.705,N,03031.032,E,1,04,2.54,00160,M,027,M,,*5E
$GPGSA,A,3,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,,3.80,2.54,2.83*01
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,26,04,07,038,,05,48,132,31,10,16,112,*4D
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,28,26,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,42*4C
$GPZDA,111447.2,20,03,2004,,*55
$GPGGA,111447.0,4137.708,N,03112.038,E,2,06,1.09,00154,M,027,M,,*56
$GPGSA,M,2,20,05,24,26,16,06,,,,,,,2.14,1.29,1.71*0F
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,82,161,33,07,08,038,,09,49,132,36,10,15,112,*40
$GPGSV,2,2,8,25,41,056,32,29,32,300,40,17,09,196,36,01,66,261,41*43
5
$GPZDA,111624.2,01,02,2002,,*58
$GPGGA,111624.0,5025.706,N,03031.036,E,1,04,2.55,00159,M,027,M,,*54
$GPGSA,M,2,04,25,16,06,,,,,,,,,3.82,2.55,2.85*09
$GPGSV,2,1,6,30,81,159,,04,07,038,,05,48,132,31,,,,*42
$GPGSV,2,2,6,24,41,056,29,,,,,17,10,196,37,06,67,262,42*41
$GPZDA,111527.2,21,02,2001,,*57
$GPGGA,111527.0,5124.709,N,03111.027,E,1,06,2.00,00154,M,025,M,,*55
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,3.52,2.50,2.48*0E
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,29,03,07,038,,05,48,132,34,11,15,112,*45
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,,25,33,300,39,18,10,196,36,06,67,261,42*47
6
$GPZDA,111524.2,17,05,2002,,*55
$GPGGA,111524.0,5138.704,S,02011.035,W,1,04,3.50,00152,M,023,M,,*5E
|
|
|
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,3.52,2.50,2.48*0E
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,161,,04,07,038,,05,48,132,34,10,15,112,35*2D
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,36,06,67,261, *47
$GPZDA,111448.2,11,02,2003,,*5E
$GPGGA,111448.0,5025.708,N,03031.038,E,2,06,1.29,00154,M,027,M,,*5B
$GPGSA,M,2,30,03,24,27,15,06,,,,,,,2.14,1.29,1.71*04
$GPGSV,2,1,7,30,82,161,34,02,08,038,,05,49,132,36,12,15,112,*47
$GPGSV,2,2,7,24,41,056,32,25,,,,17,09,196,35,06,66,261,41*79
7
$GPZDA,111544.2,15,07,2001,,*50
$GPGGA,111544.0,5137.406,S,03111.032,W,1,04,2.54,00156,M,027,M,,*5D
$GPGSA,A,2,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,,3.80,2.54,2.83*00
$GPGSV,2,1,7,30,81,160,26,04,07,038,,05,48,132,33,,,,*4D
$GPGSV,2,2,7,24,41,056,27,25,33,300,38,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,42*4D
$GPZDA,111641.2,11,09,2002,,*57
$GPGGA,111541.0,5025.707,N,03031.035,E,2,04,2.00,00155,M,027,M,,*59
$GPGSA,A,3,05,25,17,06,23,,,,,,,,2.99,2.13,2.11*02
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,28,04,07,038,,05,48,132,34,10,15,112,*44
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,27,25,33,300,38,17,10,196,36,03,67,261,42*43
8
$GPZDA,111602.2,18,07,2005,,*58
$GPGGA,111702.0,3402.605,N,03131.062,E,1,05,2.24,00160,M,027,M,,*5C
$GPGSA,M,3,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,,3.80,2.54,2.83*0D
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,25,07,07,038,,05,48,132,30,10,16,112,*4E
$GPGSV,2,2,8,27,41,056,28,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,43*4D
$GPZDA,111533.2,21,02,2001,,*52
$GPGGA,111533.0,5025.707,S,03031.037,W,1,05,2.52,00155,M,027,M,,*54
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,25,17,06,23,,,,,,,2.54,2.51,2.49*0F
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,30,04,07,038,,05,48,132,,10,15,112,*4A
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,27,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,41*50
9
$GPZDA,111602.2,18,07,2005,,*53
$GPGGA,111702.0,3402.605,N,03131.062,E,1,05,2.24,00160,M,027,M,,*5C
$GPGSA,M,3,05,25,17,06,,,,,,,,,3.80,2.54,2.83*0D
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,25,07,07,038,,05,48,132,30,10,16,112,*4D
$GPGSV,2,2,8,27,41,056,28,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,43*4D
$GPZDA,111533.2,21,02,2001,,*52
$GPGGA,111533.0,5025.707,S,03031.037,W,1,05,2.52,00155,M,027,M,,*54
$GPGSA,A,3,30,05,25,17,06,23,,,,,,,2.54,2.51,2.49*0F
$GPGSV,2,1,8,30,81,160,30,04,07,038,,05,48,132,,10,15,112,*4A
$GPGSV,2,2,8,24,41,056,27,25,33,300,39,17,10,196,37,06,67,261,41*50
10
