The cock is crowing,
The stream is flowing,
The small birds twitter,
The lake doth[14] glitter,
The green field sleeps in the sun;
The oldest and youngest
Are at work with the strongest;
The cattle are grazing,
Their heads never raising;
There are forty feeding like one!
Like an army defeated
The snow hath[15] retreated,
And now doth fare ill
On the top of the bare hill;
The plough-boy is whooping anon anon;
There's joy in the mountains;
There's life in the fountains;
Small clouds are sailing,
Blue sky prevailing;
The rain is over and gone!
I WANDERED LONELY AS A CLOUD
(by William Wordsworth)
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats high o'er[16] vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Besides the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the Milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay;
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee;
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed and gazed but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
THOSE EVENING BELLS (by Thomas Moore)
I
Those evening bells! those evening bells!
How many a tale their music tells,
Of youth, and home, and that sweet time,
When last I heard their soothing chime!
II
Those joyous hours are past away!
And many a heart, that then was gay,
Within the tomb now darkly dwells,
And hears no more those evening bells!
Ill
And so 'twill be when I am gone;
That tuneful peal will still ring on,
While other bards shall walk these dells
And sing your praise, sweet evening bells!
SONNET 116 (by William Shakespeare)
Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments. Love is not love
Which alters when it alteration finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove:
O, no! It is an ever-fixed mark,
That looks on tempests and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wandering bark,
Whose worth's unknown, although its height be taken.
Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks,
Within his bending sickle's compass come;
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
If this be error, and upon me proved,
I never writ, nor no man ever loved.
SONNET CXXX (by William Shakespeare)
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips' red;
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damask'd, red and white,
But no such roses see I in her cheeks;
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And in some perfumes is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.
I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound;
I grant I never saw a goddess go;
My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:
And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare
As any she belied with false compare.
SONNET XCI (by William Shakespeare)
Some glory in their birth, some in their skill, Some in their wealth, some in their bodies' force Some in their garments, though new-fangled ill, Some in their hawks and hounds, some in their horse; And every humour hath his adjunct pleasure, Wherein it finds a joy above the rest: But these particulars are not my measure; All these I better in one general best. Thy love is better than high birth to me, Richer than wealth, prouder than garments' cost, Of more delights than hawks or horses be; And, having thee, of all men's pride I boast. Wretched in this alone, that thou mayst take All this away and me most wretched make.
WHEN YOU ARE OLD (by William Butler Yeats)
When you are old and full of sleep
And nodding by the fire, take down the book
And showly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once and of their shadows deep,
How many loved your moments of glad grace
And loved your beauty with love false of true
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you
And loved the sorrows beside the glowing bars
Murmur a little sadly how Love fled,
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And heed his face amid a crowd of stars.
IF (by Rudyard Kipling)
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too;
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or, being lied about, don't deal in lies,
Or, being hated, don't give way to hating,
And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise;
If you can dream and not make dreams your master;
If you can think and not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with triumph and disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to broken,
And stoop and build 'em up with wornout tools;
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: "Hold on";
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with kings nor lose the common touch;
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you;
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds' worth of distance run
Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,
And which is more you'll be a Man, my son!
1. . . . , 1972.
2. . ., . ., . . . .: , -1974.
3. . ., . . . .: , 1994.
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4. . . . ., 1978.
5. / . . . . ̄ 1997.
6. Allen W. S. Living English Speech. L., 1957.
7. Arakin V. D., etc. Practical Course of English. M, 1998.
8. Ann Baker. Ship or Sheep. Cambridge, 1992.
9. O'Connor J. D., Arnold G. F. Intonation of Colloquial English.
10. O'Connor J. D., Fletcher Sounds English. Essex, 1989.
11. Kingdom R. English Intonation Practice. L, 1960.
12. John L. M. Trim. English Pronunciation Illustrated. Cambridge, 1955.
13. Mimi Ponson. How Now, Brown Cow? Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1983.
CONTENTS
.......................................................................................................... 2
....................................................................................................................................................................... 2
................................................................................................ 4
.......................................................................................... 6
............................................................................................................................................. 6
PART I............................................................................................................... 7
UNIT 1. [i:] - [i]........................................................................................................................................................ 7
UNIT 2. [æ] - [e]..................................................................................................................................................... 10
UNIT 3. [ɒ] [ɔ:]................................................................................................................................................... 12
UNIT 4. [:]-[ ɔ:].................................................................................................................................................... 15
UNIT 5. [ʌ] [a:]................................................................................................................................................... 17
UNIT 6. [ʋ] - [u:].................................................................................................................................................... 19
UNIT 7. [ə] - [i]..................................................................................................................................................... 21
UNIT 8. [ɛə] - [iə].................................................................................................................................................. 23
UNIT 9. [ʋ] [ʋ]............................................................................................................................................... 25
UNIT 10. [ai] [ei].............................................................................................................................................. 28
UNIT 11. [ɔi] - [ai]................................................................................................................................................. 30
UNIT 12. [p] - [b]................................................................................................................................................... 32
UNIT 13. [t] - [d].................................................................................................................................................... 34
UNIT 14. [k] [g].................................................................................................................................................. 37
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UNIT 15. [n] - [m].................................................................................................................................................. 40
UNIT 16. [n] - [ŋ]................................................................................................................................................... 42
UNIT 17. [fl [v]................................................................................................................................................. 44
UNIT 18. [v] - [w].................................................................................................................................................. 46
UNIT 19. [s] [z]................................................................................................................................................... 49
UNIT 22. [ʒ] [ʤ]................................................................................................................................................. 56
UNIT 23. [1] - [r].................................................................................................................................................... 57
UNIT 24. [Ɵ] - [ð].................................................................................................................................................. 61
UNIT 25. [h] - no [h]............................................................................................................................................. 63
UNIT 26. WEAK FORMS OF WORDS............................................................................................................... 65
UNIT 27. WORD STRESS..................................................................................................................................... 68
PART II. INTONATION...................................................................................... 70
UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION
........................................................................................................................... 70
UNIT 2. INTONATION NUCLEAR TONES
................................................................................................... 74
UNIT 3. SENTENCE STRESS
.................................................................................................................... 75
UNIT 4. INTONATION OF STATEMENTS
....................................................................................................... 77
UNIT 5. INTONATION OF IMPERATIVES
.................................................................. 78
UNIT 6. INTONATION OF GENERAL QUESTIONS
............................................................................................... 79
UNIT 7. INTONATION OF SENTENCES WITH "THERE + TO BE"
, THERE + BE...... 81
UNIT 8. INTONATION OF DISJUNCTIVE QUESTIONS
....................................................................... 82
UNIT 9. INTONATION OF ALTERNATIVE QUESTIONS
....................................................................... 83
UNIT 10. INTONATION OF SPECIAL QUESTIONS
.............................................................................. 85
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UNIT 11. INTONATION OF EXCLAMATIONS AND INTERJECTIONS
.................................................................. 87
UNIT 12. INTONATION OF ENUMERATION
..................................................................................................... 89
UNIT 13. INTONATION OF COMPLEX SENTENCES
............................................................................... 90
UNIT 14. INTONATION OF ADVERBIALS
.................................................................. 92
UNIT 15. INTONATION OF PARENTHESES
............................................................................................... 93
UNIT 16. INTONATION OF DIRECT ADDRESS
............................................................................................................ 95
UNIT 17. INTONATION OF APPOSITION
......................................................................................................... 97
UHIT 18. INTONATION OF AUTHOR'S WORDS
................................................................ 98
UNIT 19. ACCIDENTAL RISE
.................................................................................................................... 99
UNIT 20. INTONATION OF PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION
................................................................................. 100
UNIT 21. INTONATION OF LOOSE ATTRIBUTE REFERRING TO SUBJECT
,
................ 101
UNIT 22. INTONATION OF COMPOUND SENTENCES
.................................................. 103
PART III READER........................................................................................... 104
I. JOKES................................................................................................................................................................ 104
II. TALES............................................................................................................................................................... 107
III. TEXTS............................................................................................................................................................. 111
IV. LECTURES..................................................................................................................................................... 117
V. POEMS............................................................................................................................................................. 118
[1] toes: toeses used here to from a rhyme.
[2] eat used here to form a rhyme.
[3] with animosity ,
[4] impediment .
[5] Yon - that
[6] luve = love
[7] melodie = melody
[8] bonnie lass = pretty girl
[9] till a' (= all) the seas gang (= go) dry
[10] wi' the sun = with the sun
[11] o' life = of life
[12] fare-thee-weel = fare thee well
[13] Tho' = though
[14] doth =does
[15] hath = has
[16] o'er = over
